A rare association of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas with mediastinal lipoma: a case report

Cystic lesions of pancreas include a myriad of different conditions ranging from the common pseudocyst to unusual cystic neoplasm. With the development of better imaging modalities, cystic neoplasms are diagnosed with greater frequency and accuracy leading on to better understanding of the natural course of these lesions. Serous cystadenoma is one of the rare neoplasms of the pancreas that is unique for its benign nature. Most of the time surgery is indicated for the symptom of pain when the lesion enlarges. Surgery may also be indicated due to the fact that, it may not always be possible to dogmatically differentiate it from the potentially malignant counterpart radiologically. One of the interesting aspects about serous cystadenoma is its association with other systemic disorders like von Hippel Lindau syndrome. Herein we report a rare association of serous cystadenoma with mediastinal lipoma, which has not been reported in the literature

Rapid synthesis of biocompatible silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Rosa damascena petals and evaluation of their anticancer activity

AbstractObjectiveTo optimize the process parameters involved in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-SNPs) by aqueous extract of Rosa damascena petals and to evaluate the biocompatibility and anti cancer activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549).MethodsThe process variables that include concentration of extract, mixing ratio of reactants, silver salt concentration and interaction time were analyzed. The compatibility of the G-SNPs was verified by incubating with erythrocytes and the anticancer property of the G-SNPs against A549 cells was performed by MTT assay.ResultsFormation of G-SNPs was confirmed by the visual change in the colour of the reaction mixture from pale yellow to brown yellow. Surface plasmon resonance of synthesized G-SNPs was observed at 420 nm; the size of G-SNPs were analyzed by DLS and found to be in the range of (84.00±10.08) nm. Field emission scanning electron microscope and high resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed that the G-SNPs were fairly spherical. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed the characteristic peaks of G-SNPs. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed a signal of silver around 3 keV. The synthesized G-SNPs exhibited anticancer activity as evidenced by the MTT assay. IC50 value of G-SNPs was found to be 80 μg/mL.ConclusionThe results of the present study suggest that G-SNPs can be synthesized rapidly within first minute of the reaction; they are biocompatible and possess anticancer activity against human lung adenocarcinoma

Toxicity of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia virulence against Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its impact on physiological and biochemical activities

Insect pests of agricultural crops have establish immunological tolerance against fungal infection caused by pathogens via different humoral and cellular processes. Fungal infection can be prevented by insect antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, but there is no clear understanding of how they physiologically and biochemically interact. Our study aims to examine the antioxidant and detoxifying enzyme defense systems of the pest insect Spodoptera litura in response to infection by Metarhizium flavoviride. At 48 h following exposure to M. flavoviride, antioxidant enzyme levels were modified, and phenoloxidase and total hemocyte count were decreased significantly. The amount of detoxifying enzymes increased significantly. M. flavoviride appears to directly affect the S. litura immune system and results in decreased immunity. In a bioassay, M. flavoviride was found to be harmful to S. litura larvae in their third and fourth instar stage. M. flavoviride may be an effective tool in the control of S. litura larvae. Such entomopathogenic fungi represent cheaper, pollution free, target specific, promising alternatives to synthetic chemical tools in the for control insect pests

Revolutionizing Rice Farming: Maximizing Yield with Minimal Water to Sustain the Hungry Planet

Increasing rice yield while reducing water usage is crucial to feed growing population. This chapter explores techniques to enhance irrigation efficiency and water productivity in rice farming while minimizing negative impacts like groundwater depletion, land subsidence, saltwater intrusion, and soil degradation. Modern techniques for rice farming bring significant benefits by increasing productivity, reducing water usage, and conserving natural resources. Promising techniques include direct-seeded rice, aerobic rice, drip-irrigated rice, saturated soil culture, IoT-based automated irrigation, and the system of rice intensification (SRI). For example, drip-irrigated rice increases yield by up to 20% using 30–50% less water, and the SRI boosts yield by up to 50% with 25–50% less water. Implementing these techniques improves rice productivity, income, food security, and water conservation. However, effectiveness varies based on soil, climate, labor force, and socio-economic status. Selecting suitable water-saving methods is crucial for maximizing farmer livelihoods while ensuring environmental safety

MFO tunned SVR models for analyzing dimensional characteristics of cracks developed on steam generator tubes

Accurate prediction of material defects from the given images will avoid the major cause in industrial applications. In this work, a Support Vector Regression (SVR) model has been developed from the given Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) features extracted from Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) images wherein the length, depth, and width of the images are considered response values from the given features data set, and a percentage of data has been considered for testing the SVR model. Four parameters like Kernel function, solver type, and validation scheme, and its value and % of testing data that affect the SVR model's performance are considered to select the best SVR model. Six different kernel functions, and three different kinds of solvers are considered as two validation schemes, and 10% to 30% of the testing data set of different levels of the above parameters. The prediction accuracy of the SVR model is considered by simultaneously minimizing prediction measures of both Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and maximizing R-2 values. The Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) algorithm has been implemented to select the best SVR model and its four parameters based on the above conflict three prediction measures by converting multi-objectives into a single object using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The performance of the MFO algorithm is compared statistically with the Dragon Fly Optimization Algorithm (DFO) and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (PSO).Web of Science1223art. no. 1237

Ultrasound-guided compression method effectively counteracts Russell’s viper bite-induced pseudoaneurysm

Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii), one of the ‘Big Four’ venomous snakes in India is responsible for a majority of snakebite-induced deaths and permanent disabilities. Russell’s viper bites are known to induce bleeding/clotting abnormalities as well as myotoxic, nephrotoxic, cytotoxic and neurotoxic envenomation effects. In addition, they have been reported to induce rare envenomation effects such as priapism, sialolithiasis and splenic rupture. However, Russell’s viper bite-induced pseudoaneurysm (PA) has not been previously reported. PA or false aneurysm is a rare phenomenon that occurs in arteries following traumatic injuries includ-ing some animal bites, and it can become a life-threatening condition if not treated promptly. Here, we document two clinical cas-es of Russell’s viper bites where PA has developed despite antivenom treatment. Notably, a non-surgical procedure, ultra-sound-guided compression (USGC), either alone, or in combination with thrombin was effectively used in both the cases to treat the PA. Following this procedure and additional measures, the patients made complete recoveries without the recurrence of PA which were confirmed by subsequent examination and ultrasound scans. These data demonstrate the development of PA as a rare complication following Russell’s viper bites and the effective use of a simple, non-surgical procedure, USGC for the successful treatment of PA. These results will create awareness among healthcare professionals on the development of PA and the use of USGC in snakebite victims following Russell’s viper as well as other viper bites