ICAR: endoscopic skull‐base surgery

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The dynamic partitioning of airborne phthalates in indoor environment: effects of ventilation

Low energy consumption buildings with strong air tightness such as passive buildings are the development trend in the world. However, ventilation directly affects the emission and dynamic transport of indoor phthalates. A transient partition model considering the dynamic behavior of size-resolved particle was utilized to investigate the influence of ventilation on the airborne Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). The air exchange rate (a) was set to 0.15 h-1, 0.3 h-1, 0.6 h-1, 2h-1 for the different conditions. The predicted gas-phase concentration of DEHP in the initial 70 days is unaffected for different a and constant hms, whereas it raises until the a increases to 2 h-1. The equilibrium gas-phase concentration decreases from 0.257 to 0.203 μg/m3. Meanwhile, the higher a also reduced the particle-phase concentration of DEHP. Furthermore, the changes of airborne DEHP were analyzed by considering the impact of a on hms caused by ventilation. The results indicates that more ventilation leads to higher gas-phase concentration for the whole stage. The gas-phase concentration at equilibrium increases from 0.237 to 0.440 μg/m3. The total airborne (gas-phase + particle-phase) concentration decreases with the higher ventitation rate, which indicates that the ventitation has a positive effect on indoor airborne DEHP

Longitudinal plasma proteome profiling reveals the diversity of biomarkers for diagnosis and cetuximab therapy response of colorectal cancer

Abstract Cetuximab therapy is the major treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC), but drug resistance limits its effectiveness. Here, we perform longitudinal and deep proteomic profiling of 641 plasma samples originated from 147 CRC patients (CRCs) undergoing cetuximab therapy with multi-course treatment, and 90 healthy controls (HCs). COL12A1, THBS2, S100A8, and S100A9 are screened as potential proteins to distinguish CRCs from HCs both in plasma and tissue validation cohorts. We identify the potential biomarkers (RRAS2, MMP8, FBLN1, RPTOR, and IMPDH2) for the initial response prediction. In a longitudinal setting, we identify two clusters with distinct fluctuations and construct the model with high accuracy to predict the longitudinal response, further validated in the independent cohort. This study reveals the heterogeneity of different biomarkers for tumor diagnosis, the initial and longitudinal response prediction respectively in the first course and multi-course cetuximab treatment, may ultimately be useful in monitoring and intervention strategies for CRC

Proteogenomics of different urothelial bladder cancer stages reveals distinct molecular features for papillary cancer and carcinoma in situ

Abstract The progression of urothelial bladder cancer (UC) is a complicated multi-step process. We perform a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 448 samples from 190 UC patients, covering the whole spectrum of disease stages and grades. Proteogenomic integration analysis indicates the mutations of HRAS regulated mTOR signaling to form urothelial papilloma rather than papillary urothelial cancer (PUC). DNA damage is a key signaling pathway in the progression of carcinoma in situ (CIS) and related to APOBEC signature. Glucolipid metabolism increase and lower immune cell infiltration are associated with PUC compared to CIS. Proteomic analysis distinguishes the origins of invasive tumors (PUC-derived and CIS-derived), related to distinct clinical prognosis and molecular features. Additionally, loss of RBPMS, associated with CIS-derived tumors, is validated to increase the activity of AP-1 and promote metastasis. This study reveals the characteristics of two distinct branches (PUC and CIS) of UC progression and may eventually benefit clinical practice

Quartet protein reference materials and datasets for multi-platform assessment of label-free proteomics

Abstract Background Quantitative proteomics is an indispensable tool in life science research. However, there is a lack of reference materials for evaluating the reproducibility of label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS)-based measurements among different instruments and laboratories. Results Here, we develop the Quartet standard as a proteome reference material with built-in truths, and distribute the same aliquots to 15 laboratories with nine conventional LC–MS/MS platforms across six cities in China. Relative abundance of over 12,000 proteins on 816 mass spectrometry files are obtained and compared for reproducibility among the instruments and laboratories to ultimately generate proteomics benchmark datasets. There is a wide dynamic range of proteomes spanning about 7 orders of magnitude, and the injection order has marked effects on quantitative instead of qualitative characteristics. Conclusion Overall, the Quartet offers valuable standard materials and data resources for improving the quality control of proteomic analyses as well as the reproducibility and reliability of research findings

Comprehensive proteogenomic characterization of early duodenal cancer reveals the carcinogenesis tracks of different subtypes

Duodenal cancer (DC) has complex subtypes and undergoes complicated morphological changes throughout progression, so understanding the molecular basis is crucial. Here, the authors perform a proteogenomics analysis of 156 DCs, revealing molecular subtypes as well as the roles of smoking, AARS1 and PARP1

Proteomic analysis reveals key differences between squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas across multiple tissues

Squamous cell carcinomas are an aggressive cancer type which can occur in multiple organ systems. Here, the authors analyse the proteome of SCC cancers from 17 organs and show commonly dysregulated proteins independent of location

Proteomic characterization identifies clinically relevant subgroups of soft tissue sarcoma

Abstract Soft tissue sarcoma is a broad family of mesenchymal malignancies exhibiting remarkable histological diversity. We portray the proteomic landscape of 272 soft tissue sarcomas representing 12 major subtypes. Hierarchical classification finds the similarity of proteomic features between angiosarcoma and epithelial sarcoma, and elevated expression of SHC1 in AS and ES is correlated with poor prognosis. Moreover, proteomic clustering classifies patients of soft tissue sarcoma into 3 proteomic clusters with diverse driven pathways and clinical outcomes. In the proteomic cluster featured with the high cell proliferation rate, APEX1 and NPM1 are found to promote cell proliferation and drive the progression of cancer cells. The classification based on immune signatures defines three immune subtypes with distinctive tumor microenvironments. Further analysis illustrates the potential association between immune evasion markers (PD-L1 and CD80) and tumor metastasis in soft tissue sarcoma. Overall, this analysis uncovers sarcoma-type-specific changes in proteins, providing insights about relationships of soft tissue sarcoma