PGS: Life Agreements in Colombia

Network of Organic Farmers Markets of Valley of Cauca "Food of Life" was created in 2009 as a voluntary agreement of families belonging to different organizations that share agroecology as an option that is manifested in a commitment to life, health and care of the planet

A Critique of the Multi-ethnic Church Planting Strategy

This paper seeks to discover if the multiethnic church planting strategy is effective in reaching a multicultural nation. This paper will first take a brief look at the challenges of an ethnic population in North America with primary emphasis given to the Hispanic population. Second, I will present supportive evidence for the multiethnic church planting view. Third, I will present arguments against the multiethnic strategy. Fourth, I will give observations and implications for the church. The main source of argument centers more in the methodology used. The reader will readily see the contrasting theological and cultural opinions of these two groups in their methodologies

A Critique of the Multi-ethnic Church Planting Strategy

This paper seeks to discover if the multiethnic church planting strategy is effective in reaching a multicultural nation. This paper will first take a brief look at the challenges of an ethnic population in North America with primary emphasis given to the Hispanic population. Second, I will present supportive evidence for the multiethnic church planting view. Third, I will present arguments against the multiethnic strategy. Fourth, I will give observations and implications for the church. The main source of argument centers more in the methodology used. The reader will readily see the contrasting theological and cultural opinions of these two groups in their methodologies

Does Snacking Help Curb Childhood Obesity?

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: According to the California Department of Education, students who are in Grade levels 5, 7, and 9, are near 48% overweight or obese. This is more than double what the national prevalence according to the Center for Disease Control. Unhealthy weight for this study is defined as overweight \u3e85% BMI and obesity \u3e95%BMI and is a serious problem that can lead to poor health, starting earlier in children. This study aims to assess a possible correlation between boredom and snacking to overweight and obesity using Body Mass Index (BMI). METHODS: Children between the ages of 9-15 years were referred by a physician from a local federally qualified health center in San Bernardino to “Operation Fit”, a weeklong day camp, based on their unhealthy weight (BMI\u3e 85th percentile). In this program, 113 children participated in a group that was taught with interactive nutrition and physical activity lessons. Parents participated in a survey for lifestyle practices, including a question about boredom and snacking, with a parent education session at the end of the camp. These answers were then compared to their child’s BMI using logistic regression models. RESULTS: In response to the statement “If I am bored, I will snack more” there was a statistical significance for those that responded they do not snack. CONCLUSIONS: Those that agree with snacking when bored are 0.401 times more likely to have children that are overweight than those who disagree. These results can be used in school systems to teach parents that the use of snacks in the correct way—as opposed to when bored—can help reduce the risk of gaining weight in children. This may also lead to the conclusion that healthy snacking habits can be used to help lower overweight and obese children, helping with reducing the additional risks with being overweight

Donald McGavran’s Understanding of Conversion

This paper seeks to explore Donald McGavran’s understanding of conversion. First, we will look at the people and events that shaped his theology and methodology. Second, we will explore McGavran’s understanding of conversion. He clearly emphasized in his writings that Church Growth was conversion growth. He also was very clear that salvation is only through Jesus Christ. However, Donald McGavran’s understanding of conversion was clouded with the conflicting theological and sociological views that consequently influenced his methodology. Donald McGavran’s view of conversion lacked a clear theological explanation as to how man becomes a Christian. Most of McGavran’s explanation of conversion relied on methodology more than on theology

Donald McGavran’s Understanding of Conversion

This paper seeks to explore Donald McGavran’s understanding of conversion. First, we will look at the people and events that shaped his theology and methodology. Second, we will explore McGavran’s understanding of conversion. He clearly emphasized in his writings that Church Growth was conversion growth. He also was very clear that salvation is only through Jesus Christ. However, Donald McGavran’s understanding of conversion was clouded with the conflicting theological and sociological views that consequently influenced his methodology. Donald McGavran’s view of conversion lacked a clear theological explanation as to how man becomes a Christian. Most of McGavran’s explanation of conversion relied on methodology more than on theology

Identification and Characterization of the Lipid Transport System in the Tarantula Grammostola rosea

Lipids due to its hydrophobic nature are transported in the hemolymph mainly by lipoproteic fractions. In the present work we studied the lipoproteic fractions present in the hemolymph of the spider Grammostola rosea. Through ultracentrifugation two lipoproteic fractions are isolated, one of high density named Gr-HDL (δ = 1.13 - 1.15 g/ml) and the other of very high density called Gr-VHDL (δ = 1.24 - 1.27 g/ml) Gr-VHDL in hemolymph is majority in relation to Gr-HDL. In this sense Gr-VHDL fraction has 98.6% of hemolymphatic proteins, and 89.3% of lipids presents in the hemolymph. Both lipoproteic fractions possess phospholipids such as majority lipids (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine) and 18:1, 16:0, 18:2 and 18:0 as the major fatty acids. In order to confirm the role played by lipoproteic fractions in vitro assays with different 14C-lipid were performed. It was observed that Gr-VHDL takes up mainly free fatty acids and triacylglycerols unlike that observed for Gr-HDL in relation to phosphatidylcholine. Through electrophoresis it was observed that Gr-VHDL has three proteins: a predominant band of 68 kDa and two others of 99 and 121 kDa. Gr-HDL displayed a predominant band of 93 kDa, and other minority of 249 kDa. In conclusion, this study reports lipid characterization of the lipoproteic fractions present in the hemolymph of the tarantula, G. rosea. The role of each lipoproteic fraction in relation to lipid up- take is sustained by in vitro assays. Similarities and differences are found when it is compared to lipoproteins of only the three species of spiders studied.Fil: Laino, Aldana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Cunningham, Monica Liliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Suarez, Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Carlos Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; Argentin

Bootstrap and Higher-Order Expansion Validity When Instruments May Be Weak

It is well-known that size-adjustments based on Edgeworth expansions for the t-statistic perform poorly when instruments are weakly correlated with the endogenous explanatory variable. This paper shows, however, that the lack of Edgeworth expansions and bootstrap validity are not tied to the weak instrument framework, but instead depends on which test statistic is examined. In particular, Edgeworth expansions are valid for the score and conditional likelihood ratio approaches, even when the instruments are uncorrelated with the endogenous explanatory variable. Furthermore, there is a belief that the bootstrap method fails when instruments are weak, since it replaces parameters with inconsistent estimators. Contrary to this notion, we provide a theoretical proof that guarantees the validity of the bootstrap for the score test, as well as the validity of the conditional bootstrap for many conditional tests. Monte Carlo simulations show that the bootstrap actually decreases size distortions in both cases.