On the force acting on a heated spherical drop moving in a gaseous medlum

The flow around a heated spherical drop in a viscous non-isothermal gaseous medium with uniformly distributed constant-power heat sources (sinks) acting inside is theoretically described in the Stokes approximationyesBelgorod State Universit

On the gravitational motion of a nonuniformly heated solid particle in a gaseous medium

The steady motion of a nonuniformly heated spherical aerosol particle through a viscous gaseous medium is theoretically studied in the Stokes approximationyesBelgorod State Universit

Total cross sections for the reactions 10,11,12^{10,11,12}Be+28^{28}Si and 14^{14}B+28^{28}Si

In this paper, the results of measurements of the total cross sections for the reactions $^{10,11,12}$Be+$^{28}$Si and $^{14}$B+$^{28}$Si in the beam energy range $13A$--$47A$ MeV are presented. The experimental cross sections were obtained by detection of the gamma quanta and neutrons accompanying the interaction of the isotopes of Be and B with $^{28}$Si. It was found that the cross sections for $^{11,12}$Be are similar, but significantly exceed those for $^{10}$Be. A significant increase in the cross sections for $^{12}$Be with decreasing energy is observed in the entire measured energy range. A theoretical explanation of the obtained experimental data is given based on the microscopic model of deformed nuclei and the numerical solution of the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation for the outer weakly bound neutrons of the projectile nuclei. The calculated total reaction cross sections are in good agreement with the experimental data

The lysine methyltransferase SMYD3 interacts with hepatitis C virus NS5A and is a negative regulator of viral particle production

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a considerable global health and economic burden. The HCV nonstructural protein (NS) 5A is essential for the viral life cycle. The ability of NS5A to interact with different host and viral proteins allow it to manipulate cellular pathways and regulate viral processes, including RNA replication and virus particle assembly. As part of a proteomic screen, we identified several NS5A-binding proteins, including the lysine methyltransferase SET and MYND domain containing protein 3 (SMYD3). We confirmed the interaction in the context of viral replication by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization studies. Mutational analyses revealed that the MYND-domain of SMYD3 and domain III of NS5A are required for the interaction. Overexpression of SMYD3 resulted in decreased intracellular and extracellular virus titers, whilst viral RNA replication remained unchanged, suggesting that SMYD3 negatively affects HCV particle production in a NS5A-dependent manner. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc

Target profiling of an antimetastatic RAPTA agent by chemical proteomics: relevance to the mode of action.

The clinical development of anticancer metallodrugs is often hindered by the elusive nature of their molecular targets. To identify the molecular targets of an antimetastatic ruthenium organometallic complex based on 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (RAPTA), we employed a chemical proteomic approach. The approach combines the design of an affinity probe featuring the pharmacophore with mass-spectrometry-based analysis of interacting proteins found in cancer cell lysates. The comparison of data sets obtained for cell lysates from cancer cells before and after treatment with a competitive binder suggests that RAPTA interacts with a number of cancer-related proteins, which may be responsible for the antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activity of RAPTA complexes. Notably, the proteins identified include the cytokines midkine, pleiotrophin and fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 3. We also detected guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 3 and FAM32A, which is in line with the hypothesis that the antiproliferative activity of RAPTA compounds is due to induction of a G2/M arrest and histone proteins identified earlier as potential targets

Сравнение эффективности продленной ультразвук-ассистированной блокады в плоскости мышцы разгибателя спины и продленной эпидуральной анестезии при операциях минимально инвазивного коронарного шунтирования

   The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of prolonged ESP-block in comparison with prolonged thoracic epidural anesthesia in MIDCAB surgery.   Materials and methods. We conducted a prospective randomised two centre study with 45 patients who underwent MIDCAB surgery. In addition to general anesthesia, prolonged ESP-block was performed in group 1 (n = 22), and prolonged epidural anesthesia was performed in group 2 (n = 23).   Results. The decrease in blood pressure caused by the development of the regional block at all stages of anesthesia was more pronounced when using epidural anesthesia. In group 2, the dosage of norepinephrine was higher: 0.06 (0.05; 0.0725) mcg/kg–1/min–1 in group 1 and 0.16 (0.16; 0.16) mcg/kg/min in group 2, p < 0.001. The duration of prolonged mechanical ventilation in group 1 was lower and amounted to 102.5 (90; 110) minutes versus 110 (110; 115) minutes in group 2. The duration of surgery did not differ between the groups, the fentanyl consumption for anesthesia was higher in group 1: 0.7 (0.6; 0.8) mg versus 0.6 (0.5; 0.1) mg in group 2 (p < 0.001). Postoperatively, pain was rated as mild to moderate in both groups, with less pain in the group with epidural analgesia at stages 4 to 32 hours at rest and on coughing. After 48 hours, there were no statistical differences between the groups. The score of pain during coughing in both groups did not exceed 3 points, and patients did not need emergency analgesia.   Conclusion. In MIDCAB operations, the prolonged ESP-block is an effective method of regional anesthesia. While providing a sufficiently high level of analgesia, the use of the ESP-block during surgery only slightly increases the fentanyl usage. In the postoperative period, when using the ESP-block, extubation occurs earlier, and analgesia is almost as good as epidural blockade.   Цель – изучение эффективности продленной ультразвук-ассистированной блокады в плоскости мышцы разгибателя спины и продленной торакальной эпидуральной анестезии при операциях MIDCAB.   Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное двухцентровое рандомизированное исследование с участием 45 пациентов, которым выполнена операция MIDCAB. Помимо общей анестезии, в 1-й группе (n = 22) выполняли продленный ESP-блок, во 2-й группе (n = 23) выполняли продленную эпидуральную анестезию.   Результаты. Снижение артериального давления, вызванное развитием регионарного блока, на всех этапах анестезии было более выраженным при использовании эпидуральной анестезии. Во 2-й группе была выше дозировка норадреналина: 0,06 (0,05; 0,0725) мкг·кг–1·мин–1 в 1-й группе и 0,16 (0,16; 0,16) мкг·кг–1·мин–1 во 2-й группе, p < 0,001. Продолжительность продленной искусственной вентиляции легких в 1-й группе была ниже и составила 102,5 (90; 110) минут против 110 (110; 115) минут во 2-й группе. Продолжительность оперативного вмешательства между группами не различалась, общее потребление фентанила за анестезию было выше в 1-й группе: 0,7 (0,6; 0,8) мг против 0,6 (0,5; 0,1) мг во 2-й группе (p < 0,001). После операции боль расценивали как слабую и умеренную в обеих группах, на этапах от 4 часов до 32 часов в покое и при кашле в группе с эпидуральной анальгезией боль была меньше. Через 48 часов статистических различий между группами не было. Оценка боли при кашле в обеих группах не превышала 3 балла и в экстренной анальгезии пациенты не нуждались.   Вывод. При операциях MIDCAB продленный ESP-блок является эффективным методом регионарной анестезии. Обеспечивая достаточно высокий уровень анальгезии, использование ESP-блока во время операции лишь незначительно увеличивает потребность в применении фентанила. В послеоперационном периоде при использовании ESP-блока экстубация происходит раньше, а анальгезия в целом сравнима с эпидуральной блокадой

Cross-species analysis of viral nucleic acid interacting proteins identifies TAOKs as innate immune regulators

The cell intrinsic antiviral response of multicellular organisms developed over millions of years and critically relies on the ability to sense and eliminate viral nucleic acids. Here we use an affinity proteomics approach in evolutionary distant species (human, mouse and fly) to identify proteins that are conserved in their ability to associate with diverse viral nucleic acids. This approach shows a core of orthologous proteins targeting viral genetic material and species-specific interactions. Functional characterization of the influence of 181 candidates on replication of 6 distinct viruses in human cells and flies identifies 128 nucleic acid binding proteins with an impact on virus growth. We identify the family of TAO kinases (TAOK1, -2 and -3) as dsRNA-interacting antiviral proteins and show their requirement for type-I interferon induction. Depletion of TAO kinases in mammals or flies leads to an impaired response to virus infection characterized by a reduced induction of interferon stimulated genes in mammals and impaired expression of srg1 and diedel in flies. Overall, our study shows a larger set of proteins able to mediate the interaction between viral genetic material and host factors than anticipated so far, attesting to the ancestral roots of innate immunity and to the lineage-specific pressures exerted by viruses. Whether there are conserved nucleic acid (NA) binding proteins across species is not fully known. Using data from human, mouse and fly, the authors identify common binders, implicate TAOKs and show that these kinases bind NAs across species and promote virus defence in mammalian cells.We further thank Korbinian Mayr, Igor Paron, and Gaby Sowa for maintaining mass spectrometers and the MPI-B core facility, especially Judith Scholz, Leopold Urich, Sabine Suppmann, and Stephan Uebel, for support..

Development of High Strength and Plastic Alloys Based on Cu–Al–Ni

Изучено влияние мегапластической деформации кручением под высоким давлением (КВД) и термообработки на структуру, фазовый состав и свойства сплавов с эффектом памяти формы Сu–Al–Ni. Используя методы электронной микроскопии и рентгеновского анализа, получены данные об особенностях термоупругих мартенситных превращений (ТМП) и распада в КВД-сплаве при термических воздействиях. Обнаружено возрастание прочностных и пластических свойств сплавов.The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure, phase composition, mechanical properties, and microhardness of the shape-memory Сu–Al–Ni alloy which results from the severe plastic high-pressure torsion (HPT), is studied. Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis are used to obtain data on the peculiarities of thermoelastic martensitic transformations and decomposition in the HPT-processed alloy subjected to thermal actions. An increase in the strength and plastic properties of alloys is found.Работа выполнена в рамках госзадания (шифр «Структура») г. р. № АААА-А18-118020190116-6.The work was carried out within the framework of the state task (code “Structure”) of the year of birth No. AAAA18-118020190116-6

An Orthogonal Proteomic Screen of Zika virus Reveals Specific Targeting of Neuronal Differentiation Factors

Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently emerged as a global health concern owing to its widespread diffusion and its association with severe neurological symptoms and microcephaly in newborns1. However, the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the pathogenicity of ZIKV remain largely unknown. Here we use human neural progenitor cells and the neuronal cell line SK-N-BE2 in an integrated proteomics approach to characterize the cellular responses to viral infection at the proteome and phosphoproteome level, and use affinity proteomics to identify cellular targets of ZIKV proteins. Using this approach, we identify 386 ZIKV-interacting proteins, ZIKV-specific and pan-flaviviral activities as well as host factors with known functions in neuronal development, retinal defects and infertility. Moreover, our analysis identified 1,216 phosphorylation sites that are specifically up- or downregulated after ZIKV infection, indicating profound modulation of fundamental signalling pathways such as AKT, MAPK-ERK and ATM-ATR and thereby providing mechanistic insights into the proliferation arrest elicited by ZIKV infection. Functionally, our integrative study identifies ZIKV host-dependency factors and provides a comprehensive framework for a system-level understanding of ZIKV-induced perturbations at the levels of proteins and cellular pathways

Comparative evaluation of the influence of no-till and traditional treatment on the biological activity of agricultural chernozem of the Stavropol region

Using the method of inoculation on elective nutrient media, the abundance and activity of taxonomic (bacteria, actinomycetes, micromycetes) and functional (nitrogen fixers, ammonifiers, denitrifiers of amylolytic, cellulolytic) groups of microorganisms in agrochernozems of the Stavropol region under the influence of various tillage systems – direct seeding (no-till) and moldboard plowing with the turnover of soil horizon (traditional treatment). Analyzes were carried out for such crops as winter wheat, corn, sunflower and soybean with/without application of mineral fertilizers. Traditional tillage for the majority of crops leads to increased activity of aerobic ammonifiers, cellulolytics, denitrifiers, actinomycetes and micromycetes. No-till technology, in its turn, increases the intensity of anaerobic cellulolytics and nitrogen fixers, aerobic diazotrophs and amylolytics activity. The most responsive crop, under which the biological activity of almost all groups of microorganisms increased in the no-till variant, was corn, while winter wheat contributed to the increase in the number of microorganisms in the moldboard plowing variant. The use of mineral fertilizers provoked the growth of soil biological activity under sunflower sown directly in the soil, while conventional tillage resulted in higher soil biological activity without application of mineral fertilizers