An approximation technique for nonlinear integral operations

AbstractApproximation results for J. S. Mac Nerney's theory of nonlinear integral operations are established. For the nonlinear product integral xΠy (1 + V)P, approximations of the form Πi = 1n [1 + Lq(xi−1, xi)]P are considered, where L1(u, v)P = ∝uv VP and Lq(u, v)P = ∝uvV(r, s)[1 + Lq−1(s, v)]P for q = 2, 3,…. Error bounds are obtained for the difference between the product integral and the preceding product

The embodiment design of the heat rejection system for the portable life support system

The Portable Life Support System (PLSS) provides a suitable environment for the astronaut in the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), and the heat rejection system controls the thermal conditions in the space suit. The current PLSS sublimates water to the space environment; therefore, the system loses mass. Since additional supplies of fluid must be available on the Space Shuttle, NASA desires a closed heat rejecting system. This document presents the embodiment design for a radiative plate heat rejection system without mass transfer to the space environment. This project will transform the concept variant into a design complete with material selection, dimensions of the system, layouts of the heat rejection system, suggestions for manufacturing, and financial viability

Proposal for the design of a zero gravity tool storage device

Astronauts frequently use a variety of hand tools during space missions, especially on repair missions. A toolbox is needed to allow storage and retrieval of tools with minimal difficulties. The toolbox must contain tools during launch, landing, and on-orbit operations. The toolbox will be used in the Shuttle Bay and therefore must withstand the hazardous space environment. The three main functions of the toolbox in space are: to protect the tools from the space environment and from damaging one another, to allow for quick, one-handed access to the tools; and to minimize the heat transfer between the astronaut's hand and the tools. This proposal explores the primary design issues associated with the design of the toolbox. Included are the customer and design specifications, global and refined function structures, possible solution principles, concept variants, and finally design recommendations

Eine einfache neue Synthese der Fusarinsäure und anderer 5-Alkyl-2-pyridincarbonsäuren

In 3-Acylpyridine läßt sich durch Minisci-Reaktion mit Formamiden, Fe(II)-sulfat und tert-Butylhydroperoxid gezielt in die 6-Position eine Carboxamidgruppe einführen. Die Aufarbeitung wird durch Zugabe von Citronensäure als Komplexbildner für Eisenionen wesentlich verbessert. Durch anschließende Wolff-Kishner-Reduktion erhält man direkt Fusarinsäure und andere 5-Alkyl-2-pyridincarbonsäuren in 20-75% Ausbeute über beide Schritte

Corretor ortográfico e corpus linguístico: matar dois coelhos com uma só cajadada

O que faz falta para o estudo das línguas minoritarias é ainda muito. Uma das ferramentas mais importantes para o estudo de idiomas é o corpus. Embora seja bastante fácil hoje preparar um corpus básico, é bastante mais difícil criar um corpus etiquetado para a pesquisa de estruturas mais gerais, porque é preciso etiquetar as palavras nele introduzidas. Ao mesmo tempo, essas línguas também costumam estar num estado variável de normalização e estandarização, e elas e os seus falantes poderiam beneficiar de um corrector ortográfico. Proponho que, por mor de economia de recursos, é recomendável que quem quiser desenvolver um corpus também pense em fazer um corretor já que o trabalho para ambas as tarefas é muito parecido, senão quase idêntico. Este processo é aqui demostrado empregando o asturiano como exemplo. There is much missing in the study of minority languages. One of the most important tools for the study of languages is the corpus. Although today it is easy to prepare a simple corpus, it is more difficult to create a tagged corpus because it is necessary to tag each of the words in it. At the same time, these languages tend to be in a variable state of normalization and standardization, and they and their speakers can benefit from a spell checker. I propose that, in the face of limited resources, it is best that a researcher intending to develop a corpus also consider making a spell checker, as the work for both is very similar, if not virtually identical. This process is demonstrated using Asturian as an example