694 research outputs found
Space shuttle abort separation pressure investigation. Volume 2, Part B: Orbiter data at Mach 5
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How do existing HIV-specific instruments measure up? Evaluating the ability of instruments to describe disability experienced by adults living with HIV
Background: Despite the multitude of health challenges faced by adults living with HIV, we know of no HIV-specific
instrument developed for the purpose of describing the health-related consequences of HIV, a concept
known as disability. In a previous phase of research, adults living with HIV conceptualized disability as symptoms/
impairments, difficulties carrying out day-to-day activities, challenges to social inclusion, and uncertainty that may
fluctuate on a daily basis and over the course of living with HIV. In this paper, we describe the extent to which
existing HIV-specific health-status instruments capture the experience of disability for adults living with HIV.
Methods: We searched databases from 1980 to 2006 for English language, HIV-specific, self-reported
questionnaires consisting of at least two items that were tested for reliability and validity. We then conducted a
content analysis to assess how well existing questionnaires describe disability as defined by the Episodic Disability
Framework, a framework that conceptualizes this experience from the perspective of adults living with HIV. We
matched items of the instruments with categories of the framework to evaluate the extent to which the
instruments capture major dimensions of disability in the framework.
Results: We reviewed 4274 abstracts, of which 30 instruments met the inclusion criteria and were retrieved. Of the
four major dimensions of disability, symptoms/impairments were included in all 30 instruments, difficulties with
day-to-day activities in 16, challenges to social inclusion in 16, and uncertainty in 9. Seven instruments contained at
least 1 item from all 4 dimensions of disability (breadth) however, the comprehensiveness with which the
dimensions were represented (depth) varied among the instruments.
Conclusions: In general, symptoms/impairments and difficulties carrying out day-to-day activities were the
disability dimensions characterized in greatest depth while uncertainty and challenges to social inclusion were less
well represented. Although none of the instruments described the full breadth and depth of disability as
conceptualized by the Episodic Disability Framework, they provide a foundation from which to build a measure of
disability for adults living with HIV
Reinventing College Physics for Biologists: Explicating an epistemological curriculum
The University of Maryland Physics Education Research Group (UMd-PERG)
carried out a five-year research project to rethink, observe, and reform
introductory algebra-based (college) physics. This class is one of the Maryland
Physics Department's large service courses, serving primarily life-science
majors. After consultation with biologists, we re-focused the class on helping
the students learn to think scientifically -- to build coherence, think in
terms of mechanism, and to follow the implications of assumptions. We designed
the course to tap into students' productive conceptual and epistemological
resources, based on a theoretical framework from research on learning. The
reformed class retains its traditional structure in terms of time and
instructional personnel, but we modified existing best-practices curricular
materials, including Peer Instruction, Interactive Lecture Demonstrations, and
Tutorials. We provided class-controlled spaces for student collaboration, which
allowed us to observe and record students learning directly. We also scanned
all written homework and examinations, and we administered pre-post conceptual
and epistemological surveys. The reformed class enhanced the strong gains on
pre-post conceptual tests produced by the best-practices materials while
obtaining unprecedented pre-post gains on epistemological surveys instead of
the traditional losses.Comment: 35 pages including a 15 page appendix of supplementary material
Space shuttle abort separation pressure investigation. Volume 6: Orbiter data at Mach 2
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Space shuttle abort separation pressure investigation. Volume 1, Part B: Booster data at Mach 5
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Space shuttle abort separation pressure investigation. Volume 3: Booster data at Mach 3
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Investigation of the McDonnell-Douglas orbiter and booster shuttle models in proximity at Mach numbers 2.0 to 6.0. Volume 7: Proximity data at Mach 4 and 6, interference free and launch vehicle data
Aerodynamic data obtained from a space shuttle abort stage separation wind tunnel test are presented. The .00556 scale models of the orbiter and booster configuration were tested in close proximity using dual balances during the time period of April 21 to April 27 1971. Data were obtained for both booster and orbiter over an angle of attack range from -10 to 10 deg for zero degree sideslip angle. The models were tested at several relative incidence angles and separation distances and power conditions. Plug nozzles utilizing air were used to simulate booster and orbiter plumes at various altitudes along a nominal ascent trajectory. Powered conditions were 100, 50, 25 and 0 percent of full power for the orbiter and 100, 50 and 0 percent of full power for the booster. Pitch control effectiveness data were obtained for both booster and orbiter with power on and off. In addition, launch vehicle data with and without booster power were obtained utilizing a single balance in the booster model. Data were also obtained with the booster canard off in close proximity and for the launch configuration
Space shuttle abort separation pressure investigation. Volume 1, Part A: Booster data at Mach 5
Pressure data obtained from a joint Langley Research Center (LaRC)/Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Space Shuttle about stage separation wind tunnel test are presented. The .00556 scale models of the McDonnell-Douglas orbiter and booster configurations were tested in proximity in Tunnel A of the Von Karman Facility (VKF), Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC). Mach numbers were 5.0, 3.0, and 2.0 and nominal Reynolds numbers were 1.09, 1.60, and 1.74 million per foot, respectively. Pressure data were obtained for the booster upper surface and orbiter lower surface at angles of attack of -10 deg, -5, 0, 5, and 10 deg for zero degrees sideslip. The models were tested at incidence angles of 0 and 5 deg for several separation distances and power conditions. Plug nozzles utilizing air were used to simulate booster and orbiter plumes at various altitudes along a nominal ascent trajectory. Powered conditions were 100, 50, and 0 percent of full power for the orbiter and 100, 50 and 0 percent of full power for the booster. Data were also obtained with the booster canard off in close proximity
Exploring disability from the perspective of adults living with HIV/AIDS: Development of a conceptual framework
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