CORRUPTION IN FOOTBALL: MECHANISMS, ACTORS AND DRIVERS

Master thesis Business Administration - University of Agder 2016Corruption has existed since the beginning of time, and the first documented case of corruption related to sport took place 388 years BC. Several previous studies and research conclude that corruption appears in sport, and that it is a major problem. However, there are relatively few studies emphasising the main actors, mechanisms and drivers and that seek to find feasible solutions on how to prevent and decrease corruption in football. This thesis will use a comparative case study analysis of six cases in order to investigate the main actors, mechanisms and drivers. In the theoretical part, a special focus will be set on New Institutional Economics. The focus will be to see if this thinking can be an explanatory factor regarding whom the main actors are and reasons for their corruptive behaviour. The thesis will investigate how officials within FIFA, football clubs in Italy and Turkey and criminal organizations use their influence to corrupt the game. Political interference is prominent and some of the most politicians in the world are involved. It seems as football bodies and organizations with predominance of members from perceived highly corrupt countries are more adaptive to corruptive behaviour. Furthermore, lack of transparency provides fertile ground for corruption. Initiatives that aim to enhance transparency will contribute to prevent the possibilities for corruptive behaviour

Twelve-months follow-up of supervised exercise after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for Intermittent claudication: A randomised clinical trial

The aim of this study was to explore the effects during 12 months follow-up of 12 weeks of supervised exercise therapy (SET) after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) compared to PTA alone on physical function, limb hemodynamics and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with intermittent claudication. Fifty patients were randomised to an intervention or a control group. Both groups received usual post-operative care and follow-up measurements at three, six and 12 months after PTA. The intervention group performed 12 weeks of SET after PTA. The control group did not receive any additional follow-up regarding exercise. During the 12 months’ follow-up, the members of the intervention group had significantly better walking distance than the control group. The intervention group had a significantly higher HRQoL score in the physical componen

Twelve-months follow-up of supervised exercise after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for Intermittent claudication: A randomised clinical trial

The aim of this study was to explore the effects during 12 months follow-up of 12 weeks of supervised exercise therapy (SET) after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) compared to PTA alone on physical function, limb hemodynamics and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with intermittent claudication. Fifty patients were randomised to an intervention or a control group. Both groups received usual post-operative care and follow-up measurements at three, six and 12 months after PTA. The intervention group performed 12 weeks of SET after PTA. The control group did not receive any additional follow-up regarding exercise. During the 12 months’ follow-up, the members of the intervention group had significantly better walking distance than the control group. The intervention group had a significantly higher HRQoL score in the physical componen