Demystifying Entrepreneurial Name Choice: Insights from the US Biotech Industry

Purpose – Drawing from legitimacy entrepreneurship theory, this study assesses the naming patterns of entrepreneurial firms in the US biotechnology industry. Design/methodology/approach - The authors use a mixed-methods design of content analysis and regression to analyze a sample of 441 entrepreneurial biotechnology firms, for which data were obtained from Net Advantage. The authors track changes to the proportion of firms with naming attributes, such as name length and type of name. The authors also examine variability in those characteristics during the industry’s evolution, comparing freestanding to acquired start-ups. Findings - Start-ups select names that are longer, more descriptive, begin with rare sounds or hard plosives and have stronger discipline- or technology-specific links during nascent years of the industry. As the industry evolves, entrepreneurs are more likely to select names that are shorter, more abstract, begin with hard plosives and have stronger industry-specific links. The naming patterns of freestanding and acquired companies differ, and companies that conform to industry pressures tend to remain independent. Originalisty/value - Unlike extant studies that assess established industries, the current study identifies shifting trends in the naming patterns of entrepreneurial firms in an emerging industry. By focusing on startups, the authors expand research on organizational naming practices, which focuses traditionally on name choices and name change patterns of incumbents.By using marketing and linguistics methods when analyzing organizational name attributes, naming patterns in these attributes are identified, including name length,name type, starting letter of the name and link to the industry

Understanding the Determinants of Parental Decision-Making and Harsh Parenting Behavior

The high prevalence and negative consequences of hash parenting among US parents is well-documented. However, intervention and prevention efforts aimed at reducing the rates of harsh parenting have had limited success. A goal of this paper was to provide a novel method of studying parenting behavior; moving beyond correlational findings. Specifically, I argued that preventing harsh parenting has been a challenge, in part because of lack of understanding of the decision-making processes underlying the behavior. In an effort to incorporate tradition decision making methodology, I designed a between subjects, single-blind, randomized experiment. The experimental manipulations were design to induced emotional and cognitive stress, mimicking the parenting experiences immediately prior to discipline decision making of new parents. Findings reviled that although the harshness of preferred discipline strategy for participants who were new to parenting was mostly impacted by distal factors (e.g., age, race, traditional beliefs about parenting); negative affect inducing conditions had an effect on their increase in preference for harsh parenting. Specific individual differences in the effect of cognitive-emotional strain are described. Methodological implications and recommendations for future research are discussed

Demystifying Entrepreneurial Name Choice: Insights from the US Biotech Industry

Purpose Drawing from legitimacy and institutional entrepreneurship theory, this study assesses the naming patterns of entrepreneurial firms in the US biotechnology industry. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a mixed-methods design of content analysis and regression to analyze a sample of 441 entrepreneurial biotechnology firms, for which data were obtained from Net Advantage. The authors track changes to the proportion of firms with naming attributes, such as name length and type of name. The authors also examine variability in those characteristics during the industry\u27s evolution, comparing freestanding to acquired start-ups. Findings Start-ups select names that are longer, more descriptive, begin with rare sounds or hard plosives and have stronger discipline- or technology-specific links during nascent years of the industry. As the industry evolves, entrepreneurs are more likely to select names that are shorter, more abstract, begin with hard plosives and have stronger industry-specific links. The naming patterns of freestanding and acquired companies differ, and companies that conform to industry pressures tend to remain independent. Originality/value Unlike extant studies that assess established industries, the current study identifies shifting trends in the naming patterns of entrepreneurial firms in an emerging industry. By focusing on start-ups, the authors expand research on organizational naming practices, which focuses traditionally on name choices and name change patterns of incumbents. By using marketing and linguistics methods when analyzing organizational name attributes, naming patterns in these attributes are identified, including name length, name type, starting letter of the name and link to the industry

Postocclusive reactive hyperemia in hand-arm vibration syndrome

Objectives: To assess laser Doppler-recorded postocclusive reactive hyperemic responses in vibration-induced Raynaud’s phenomenon and compare it with primary and secondary to sclerodermy Raynaud’s phenomenon. Material and Methods: Thirty patients with vibration-induced Raynaud’s phenomenon and 30 healthy controls and patients with primary and secondary to sclerodermy Raynaud’s phenomenon were investigated. Fingerpulp skin blood flow was monitored by laser Doppler flowmetry during postocclusive reactive hyperemia test. Results: Lower initial perfusion values were established in all the patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon compared to the healthy controls (p < 0.0001). The postocclusive reactive hyperemic peak was lower in all the Raynaud’s phenomenon groups compared to the controls (p < 0.0001). The postocclusive and basal perfusions were lower in the secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon groups compared to the control and the primary Raynaud’s phenomenon groups (p < 0.0001). The velocities to postocclusive hyperemic peak were lower in all the Raynaud’s phenomenon patients (p < 0.0001), so were in the vibration-induced (p < 0.002) and the sclerodermy Raynaud’s phenomenon (p < 0.004) groups in relation to the primary Raynaud’s phenomenon group. The perfusion values and the velocities were significantly influenced by the initial superficial skin temperatures and perfusions, while the velocities were dependent also on gender, and the hyperemic peak on age. Conclusions: Postocclusive reactive hyperemia is abnormal in all Raynaud’s phenomenon patients. Laser Doppler-recorded reactive hyperemia test contributes to diagnosing Raynaud’s phenomenon and has proved to be valuable for group analysis. The applied method is not sensitive enough to discriminate adequately the type of Raynaud’s phenomenon among individual cases

Pilot assessment of cyanotoxins as potential risk factors for cancer in Bulgaria

Cyanoprokaryotes (=cyanobacteria, blue-green algae) are the most ancient oxygen-producing phototrophic microorganisms, spread all over the Globe, which form the important basis of different food chains in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. However, due to strong anthropogenic pressure during the last decades they are also responsible for causing nuisance algal blooms in different water bodies with deleterious effects on the mankind and ecosystems mainly due to production of toxic substances (cyanotoxins). Amongst them are the microcystins, nodularins, lyngbyatoxins and aplysiatoxins, known as tumor-promotors with increase of exposure routes through which humans and animals can be placed at risk (Meriluoto et al. 2017). However, the investigations on the relations between the occurrence and development of such diseases with the cyanotoxins and their producers are extremely scarce at a global scale (Yu and Chen 1994, Ueno et al. 1996, Fleming et al. 2002, Svircev et al. 2009, Drobac et al. 2011, Labine et al. 2015). During the last 15 years cyanoblooms and microcystins, nodularins and saxitoxins were detected in 16 different Bulgarian freshwater bodies, including some drinking-water reservoirs (Stoyneva-Gärtner et al. 2017). Amongst the detected toxins some new forms were recognized by their characteristic spectra (Pavlova 2007, Pavlova et al. 2007), and, more recently, a new potential producer of lyngbyatoxin was found in the Black Sea (Stoyneva et al. 2015). The poster shows a pilot assessment of the spread of cancer distribution and mortality vs. spread of cyanoblooms and cyanotoxins in Bulgaria. The pilot assessment is made on the basis of comparison of the general regions of spread of cyanotoxins in Bulgarian water bodies and toxin-producing cyanospecies during the period 2000-2017 (Stoyneva-Gärtner et al. 2017) with the spread of cancer in Bulgaria (e.g. Valerianova et al. 2015). The comparison shows general conformities between the spread of the "most dangerous" water bodies and main regions of cancer diseases in the country. The results obtained served as a basis for a new project proposal which aims at a deepening of the studies for improvement of prevention of cancer in the country

RED LIST OF BULGARIAN ALGAE. II. MICROALGAE.

The Red List presented in this paper is focused on Bulgarian non-marine microalgae which face a risk of extinction. The assignment to each IUCN Red List category is according to the seven specific criteria and their relative values in the new method for an evaluation of the threatened status of microalgae (STOYNEVA-GÄRTNER ET AL., this volume). The list contains 756 taxa (613 species, 82 varieties and 61 forms) from 7 divisions, classified in six IUCN categories and shows that threatened microalgae represent 14% the total algal biodiversity of Bulgaria

Annuloplasty in the context of tricuspid regurgitation: associated with arteriovenous fistula

A regurgitação tricúspide (RT) é uma patologia valvular caraterizada pelo refluxo de sangue do ventrículo direito para a aurícula direita. O tratamento da regurgitação tricúspide depende do estádio presente. Em situações de RT ligeira/ moderada, o tratamento farmacológico poderá ser a melhor solução, porém em casos de RT grave, a cirurgia cardíaca é recomendada afim de prevenir a disfunção ventricular direita, evitando o agravamento da sintomatologia. O presente artigo refere-se a um doente de 28 anos, do sexo feminino em lista de espera para transplante renal, em terapia de hemodiálise, recorre a cirúrgica cardíaca para anuloplastia da válvula tricúspide, por regurgitação tricúspide grave, originada por fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) para acesso arterial e venoso. De acordo com a literatura, a regurgitação tricúspide após a criação cirúrgica de uma fístula arteriovenosa para acesso vascular é comum. A existência de alterações na função cardíaca pode excluir o candidato da lista para transplante renal, pelo que é necessário corrigir a FAV ou proceder à reparação da válvula.Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a valvular pathology characterized by the reflux of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium. The treatment of tricuspid regurgitation depends on the present stage. In situations of mild/moderate TR, pharmacological treatment may be the best solution, but in cases of severe TR, cardiac surgery is recommended in order to prevent right ventricular dysfunction, avoiding worsening of symptoms. The present article refers to a 28-year-old female patient on the kidney transplant waiting list, on hemodialysis therapy, who required cardiac surgery for tricuspid valve annuloplasty, due to severe tricuspid regurgitation, originated from an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for arterial and venous access. According to the literature tricuspid regurgitation after sergical creation of na arteriovenous fistula for vascular access is common. Changes in cardiac function may exclude the candidate form the list for kidney transplantation, so it is necessary to correct the AVF or repair the valve.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

REVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES ON PSEUDOGYMNOASCUS DESTRUCTANS STUDIES WITH REFERENCE TO SPECIES FINDINGS IN BULGARIA

Emerging infectious diseases are a well-known threat to the wildlife and require complex research. There is a rapidly accumulating knowledge on the infectious disease of bats, named firstly White Nose Syndrome (WNS) and afterwards – White Nose Disease (WND), and its causative agent – the pathogenic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans. Although mass mortality of bats, known since a decade, is currently restricted to North America, the pathogen is of global concern as a potential threat to other hibernating bat populations. Therefore five years after the first comprehensive synthesis on the fungal ecology and relevant knowledge gaps (FOLEY ET AL. 2011), we decided to summarize the published information on the pathogen morphology, reproduction, ecological requirements, geographic distribution and systematic position. In addition, the present review compiles the available data on the affected bat species, mechanisms of WND, on the host response and on the effective treatment strategies with possible methods for fighting the pathogen to reduce the mortality in affected regions as well. Special attention is paid to the finding of the fungus in Bulgarian caves

Microcystis aeruginosa and M. wesenbergii Were the Primary Planktonic Microcystin Producers in Several Bulgarian Waterbodies (August 2019)

The rising interest in harmful cyanoprokaryote blooms promotes an increase of phycological and ecological research on potentially toxic species and their hazardous substances. The present study aimed to identify the main microcystin (MC) producers and their contribution to the phytoplankton of shallow waterbodies in Bulgaria, applying different methods. The sampling was performed in August 2019 in nine lakes and reservoirs, two of which (reservoirs Kriva Reka and Izvornik 2) were studied for the first time. The high contribution of cyanoprokaryotes to the total species composition and phytoplankton abundance was proved by light microscopic (LM) observations and HPLC analysis of marker pigments. The LM identification of potential MC-producers was supported by PCR amplification of mcyE and mcyB genes. The MCs amounts, detected by HPLC-DAD, varied by sites with a range from undetectable concentrations to 0.46 g L 1 with only one recorded variant, namely MC-LR. It was found only in the reservoirs Mandra and Durankulak, while toxigenic MC-strains were obtained by PCR from five more waterbodies. Both LM and PCR demonstrated that the MC-producers were Microcystis aeruginosa and M. wesenbergii, despite their occurrence in low amounts (<0.5–5% of the total biomass) when filamentous cyanoprokaryotes dominated.Peer reviewe