622 research outputs found
Spin Chains as Perfect Quantum State Mirrors
Quantum information transfer is an important part of quantum information
processing. Several proposals for quantum information transfer along linear
arrays of nearest-neighbor coupled qubits or spins were made recently. Perfect
transfer was shown to exist in two models with specifically designed strongly
inhomogeneous couplings. We show that perfect transfer occurs in an entire
class of chains, including systems whose nearest-neighbor couplings vary only
weakly along the chain. The key to these observations is the Jordan-Wigner
mapping of spins to noninteracting lattice fermions which display perfectly
periodic dynamics if the single-particle energy spectrum is appropriate. After
a half-period of that dynamics any state is transformed into its mirror image
with respect to the center of the chain. The absence of fermion interactions
preserves these features at arbitrary temperature and allows for the transfer
of nontrivially entangled states of several spins or qubits.Comment: Abstract extended, introduction shortened, some clarifications in the
text, one new reference. Accepted by Phys. Rev. A (Rapid Communications
Impurity spin relaxation in S=1/2 XX chains
Dynamic autocorrelations (\alpha=x,z) of an
isolated impurity spin in a S=1/2 XX chain are calculated. The impurity spin,
defined by a local change in the nearest-neighbor coupling, is either in the
bulk or at the boundary of the open-ended chain. The exact numerical
calculation of the correlations employs the Jordan-Wigner mapping from spin
operators to Fermi operators; effects of finite system size can be eliminated.
Two distinct temperature regimes are observed in the long-time asymptotic
behavior. At T=0 only power laws are present. At high T the x correlation
decays exponentially (except at short times) while the z correlation still
shows an asymptotic power law (different from the one at T=0) after an
intermediate exponential phase. The boundary impurity correlations follow power
laws at all T. The power laws for the z correlation and the boundary
correlations can be deduced from the impurity-induced changes in the properties
of the Jordan-Wigner fermion states.Comment: Final version to be published in Phys. Rev. B. Three references
added, extended discussion of relation to previous wor
Transcriptional networks specifying homeostatic and inflammatory programs of gene expression in human aortic endothelial cells.
Endothelial cells (ECs) are critical determinants of vascular homeostasis and inflammation, but transcriptional mechanisms specifying their identities and functional states remain poorly understood. Here, we report a genome-wide assessment of regulatory landscapes of primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) under basal and activated conditions, enabling inference of transcription factor networks that direct homeostatic and pro-inflammatory programs. We demonstrate that 43% of detected enhancers are EC-specific and contain SNPs associated to cardiovascular disease and hypertension. We provide evidence that AP1, ETS, and GATA transcription factors play key roles in HAEC transcription by co-binding enhancers associated with EC-specific genes. We further demonstrate that exposure of HAECs to oxidized phospholipids or pro-inflammatory cytokines results in signal-specific alterations in enhancer landscapes and associate with coordinated binding of CEBPD, IRF1, and NFκB. Collectively, these findings identify cis-regulatory elements and corresponding trans-acting factors that contribute to EC identity and their specific responses to pro-inflammatory stimuli
Finite Temperature and Dynamical Properties of the Random Transverse-Field Ising Spin Chain
We study numerically the paramagnetic phase of the spin-1/2 random
transverse-field Ising chain, using a mapping to non-interacting fermions. We
extend our earlier work, Phys. Rev. 53, 8486 (1996), to finite temperatures and
to dynamical properties. Our results are consistent with the idea that there
are ``Griffiths-McCoy'' singularities in the paramagnetic phase described by a
continuously varying exponent , where measures the
deviation from criticality. There are some discrepancies between the values of
obtained from different quantities, but this may be due to
corrections to scaling. The average on-site time dependent correlation function
decays with a power law in the paramagnetic phase, namely
, where is imaginary time. However, the typical
value decays with a stretched exponential behavior, ,
where may be related to . We also obtain results for the full
probability distribution of time dependent correlation functions at different
points in the paramagnetic phase.Comment: 10 pages, 14 postscript files included. The discussion of the typical
time dependent correlation function has been greatly expanded. Other papers
of APY are available on-line at http://schubert.ucsc.edu/pete
Efficient and perfect state transfer in quantum chains
We present a communication protocol for chains of permanently coupled qubits
which achieves perfect quantum state transfer and which is efficient with
respect to the number chains employed in the scheme. The system consists of
uncoupled identical quantum chains. Local control (gates, measurements) is only
allowed at the sending/receiving end of the chains. Under a quite general
hypothesis on the interaction Hamiltonian of the qubits a theorem is proved
which shows that the receiver is able to asymptotically recover the messages by
repetitive monitoring of his qubits.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures; new material adde
Charge and spin dynamics in the one-dimensional and models
The impact of the spin-flip terms on the (static and dynamic) charge and spin
correlations in the Luttinger-liquid ground state of the 1D model is
assessed by comparison with the same quantities in the 1D model, where
spin-flip terms are absent. We employ the recursion method combined with a
weak-coupling or a strong-coupling continued-fraction analysis. At
we use the Pfaffian representation of dynamic spin correlations. The changing
nature of the dynamically relevant charge and spin excitations on approach of
the transition to phase separation is investigated in detail. The
charge excitations (but not the spin excitations) at the transition have a
single-mode nature, whereas charge and spin excitations have a complicated
structure in the model. In the model, phase separation is
accompanied by N\'eel long-range order, caused by the condensation of electron
clusters with an already existing alternating up-down spin configuration
(topological long-range order). In the model, by contrast, the spin-flip
processes in the exchange coupling are responsible for continued strong spin
fluctuations (dominated by 2-spinon excitations) in the phase-separated state.Comment: 11 pages (RevTex). 14 Figures available from author
Low temperature relaxational dynamics of the Ising chain in a transverse field
We present asymptotically exact results for the real time order parameter
correlations of a class of d=1 Ising models in a transverse field at low
temperatures (T) on both sides of the quantum critical point. The correlations
are a product of a T-independent factor determined by quantum effects, and a
T-dependent relaxation function which comes from a classical theory. We confirm
our predictions by a no-free-parameter comparison with numerical studies on the
nearest neighbor spin-1/2 model.Comment: Final version to be published in Physical Review Letters. The
postscript file is also available by anonymous ftp at
ftp://chopin.ucsc.edu/pub/dynamics.ps.g
Dynamics of spin correlations in the spin-1/2 isotropic XY chain in a transverse field
Dynamic xx spin pair correlation functions for the isotropic spin-1/2 XY
chain are calculated numerically for long open chains in the presence of a
transverse magnetic field at finite temperature. As an application we discuss
the temperature dependence of the spin-spin relaxation time in PrCl_3.Comment: 2 pages, latex, 2 figures, abstract of the paper presented at Ampere
Summer School ``Applications of Magnetic Resonance in Novel Materials''
Nafplion, Greece, 3-9 September, 2000, partially published in J. Phys. A:
Math. Gen. 33, 3063 (2000
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