Apigenin-7-O-glucoside versus apigenin

Bioactive potential of apigenin derivative apigenin-7-O-glucoside related to its antifungal activity on Candida spp. and cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cells was studied and compared with bioactive potential of apigenin. Antifungal activity was tested on 14 different isolates of Candida spp. using membrane permeability assay, measuring inhibition of reactive oxidative species and inhibition of CYP51 C. albicans enzyme. Cytotoxic potential of apigenin-7-O-glucoside was tested on colon cancer HCT116 cells by measuring cell viability, apoptosis rate and apoptosis- and colon cancer-related gene expression. Obtained results indicated considerable antifungal activity of apigenin-7-O-glucoside towards all Candida isolates. Breakdown of C. albicans plasma membrane was achieved upon treatment with apigenin-7-O-glucoside for shorter period of time then with apigenin. Reduction of intra- and extracellular reactive oxidative species was achieved with minimum inhibitory concentrations of both compounds, suggesting that reactive oxidative species inhibition could be a mechanism of antifungal action. None of the compounds exhibited binding affinity to C. albicans CYP51 protein. Besides, apigenin-7-O-glucoside was more effective compared to apigenin in reduction of cell’s viability and induction of cell death of HCT116 cells. Treatment with both compounds resulted in chromatin condensation, apoptotic bodies formation and apoptotic genes expression in HCT116 cells, but the apigenin-7-O-glucoside required a lower concentration to achieve the same effect. Compounds apigenin-7-O-glucoside and apigenin displayed prominent antifungal potential and cytotoxic effect on HCT116 cells. However, our results showed that apigenin-7-O-glucoside has more potent activity compared to apigenin in all assays that we used

Antibakterijska aktivnost Platina (ii) i Paladijum(ii) kompleksa sa alkil estrima (s,s)-etilendiamin-n,n'-di-(2,2'-di(4-hidroksi)-benzil sirćetne kiseline

Antibiotics are used to treat many infections which are causing by different microorganisms. The vast majority of cases where antibiotics are used, the microorganisms have found a way to evade or resist the antimicrobial agent [1,2]. The work was conceived with the intention to investigate the antibacterial activity of newly synthesized ligands and complexes [3] on the selected bacterial strains with the aim to find potential synthetic preservatives.Antibakterijska sredstva se koriste u lečenju mnogih infekcija koje uzrokuju različiti mikroorganizmi. U najvećem broju slučajeva, u kojima se koriste antibakterijska sredstva, mikroorganizmi su pronašli način da se odupru ili izbegnu antimikrobni agens [1,2]. Rad je koncipiran sa namerom da ispita antibakterijsku aktivnost novosintetisanih i liganada i kompleksa [9] na odabranim bakterijskim sojevima u cilju pronalaženja novih potencijalnih sintetičkih konzervanasa

Importance and Characteristics of Lobbying in the European Union

This paper presents the process and characteristics of modern lobbying as bargaining in order to reach the desired decision. Lobbying is as old as the human desire for power. In modern conditions of life lobby is free to be said, has become industry. Lobbying is now a legitimate part of any democratic society. Due to guided, and methods of the process, lobbying, often resulting in relation to corruption. For this reason, many of the modern state are lobbying placed under the legal system of their institutions

Clinical Indicators of Bone Deterioration in Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis and Chronic Alcohol Abuse: Looking beyond Bone Fracture Occurrence

Although previous studies indicated that chronic alcohol abuse (CAA) and alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) are associated with increased bone fragility, understanding bone fragility determinants is still modest in these individuals. We used a comprehensive individualized clinical fracture risk assessment approach (vertebral osteodensitometry, femoral osteodensitometry and geometry, and serum bone turnover biomarkers) to compare adult male patients with ALC who have not previously had femoral or vertebral fractures (n = 39), patients with CAA (without liver cirrhosis, n = 78) who have not previously had femoral or vertebral fractures and healthy age- and sex-matched controls (n = 43). Our data suggested that intertrochanteric bone mineral density was significantly lower in ALC and CAA patients than in controls. Also, the trabecular bone score was considerably lower in ALC patients compared with CAA and control individuals. The most significant inter-group differences in femoral geometry were noted on the femoral shaft. Patients with ALC and CAA have a higher 10-year risk of major osteoporotic fractures compared to the controls. Analysis of bone turnover biomarkers showed increased osteoprotegerin and beta-C-terminal telopeptide serum concentrations and decreased insulin growth factor-1 concentrations in patients with ALC compared to CAA and control groups. Our data revealed that bone alterations are present in patients with ALC and CAA even if they did not sustain a nontraumatic bone fracture, but it is also indicative that current bone-assessing clinical methods are not entirely reliable. Thus, future studies should focus on developing a reliable integrative clinical tool that can be used to accurately predict and prevent bone fracture occurrences in patients with ALC and CAA

ExPra FS2021

Online-Experiment zur Untersuchung der Konsequenzen von Goal Shelving und Goal Disengagemen