Concert recording 2013-03-24

[Track 01]. O had I Jubal\u27s lyre / George Frideric Handel -- [Track 02]. Se a te d\u27intorno scherza / Gaetano Donizetti -- [Track 03]. O del mio amato ben / Stephano Donaudy -- [Track 04]. Perduta ho la speranza / Stephano Donaudy -- [Track 05]. Au tic-tac des castegnettes / Gaetano Donizetti -- [Track 06]. Les roses d\u27Ispahan / Gabriel Faure -- [Track 07]. Soliloquy / John Work -- [Track 08]. Seit ich ihn gesehen / Robert Schumann -- [Track 09]. Batti, batti, o bel Masetto / Wolfgang Mozart

Concert recording 2013-11-16b

[Track 01]. Brushstrokes on a simple field / Jeff Payne ; edited by Jacob Lee -- [Track 02]. Song among hills ; [Track 03]. Mythos unbound ; [Track 04]. Sketches on an autumn day / Jeff Payne

Gel-Entrapped Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria as Models of Biofilm Infection Exhibit Growth in Dense Aggregates, Oxygen Limitation, Antibiotic Tolerance, and Heterogeneous Gene Expression

Cathedral, model of the nave; Gaudí’s masterpiece, and, although only partially completed, it is among the most impressive buildings of the 20th century. He took charge of the works at the age of 31 and continued for the rest of his life; it thus summarizes his evolution as an architect (from Modernisme to a mature individualism) as well as the increasing depth of his spiritual conviction, measured in terms of his increasing dedication to the task. His assistants on the project included Jujol, Berenguer, Rubió, the sculptor Lorenzo Matamala i Pinyol (1856-1927), Gaudí’s friend and site supervisor, and Carlos Mani i Roig (1866-1911). The concept of a church dedicated to the Holy Family was widened to become a cathedral for the new metropolitan areas of Barcelona, and del Villar’s neo-Gothic design had been under construction for more than a year when Gaudí took over in 1883. The towers and the church show Gaudí’s structural aesthetic at work in the idiom of the Gothic cathedral, eliminating the need for flying buttresses. The triple portals (1903) of the Nativity façade, represent Faith, Hope and Charity. The four great facade towers are named after the Apostles: from south to north, Barnabas, Simon, Thaddeus and Matthew. Only Barnabas was completed before Gaudí’s death. The project is scheduled to be completed in 2026, the 100th anniversary of Gaudi's death. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.oxfordartonline.com/ (accessed 7/16/2010

Spatial pattern of GFP fluorescence within a biofilm as a function of GFP stability.

<p>A, predicted GFP pattern dependence on the value of the turnover rate coefficient, . Grey shading indicates the growing region; outside this zone there is no growth because oxygen has been depleted. B, experimentally measured GFP distribution for an unstable GFP in a <i>P. aeruginosa</i> colony biofilm <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Werner1" target="_blank">[34]</a>. Results from two locations in the biofilm section in Figure 4C of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Werner1" target="_blank">[34]</a> are shown.</p

Decay of GFP fluorescence in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> colony biofilms.

<p>The integrated fluorescence or area under the curve (AUC) was determined. Colony biofilms were grown under GFP-inducing conditions for 48 h then transferred to non-inducing conditions at time zero. Data from three replicate experiments are shown (symbols). Dashed lines are least-squares regressed lines to each of the experimental data sets. The negative slope of each line yields an estimate of the turnover rate coefficient, .</p

General Theory for Integrated Analysis of Growth, Gene, and Protein Expression in Biofilms

<div><p>A theory for analysis and prediction of spatial and temporal patterns of gene and protein expression within microbial biofilms is derived. The theory integrates phenomena of solute reaction and diffusion, microbial growth, mRNA or protein synthesis, biomass advection, and gene transcript or protein turnover. Case studies illustrate the capacity of the theory to simulate heterogeneous spatial patterns and predict microbial activities in biofilms that are qualitatively different from those of planktonic cells. Specific scenarios analyzed include an inducible GFP or fluorescent protein reporter, a denitrification gene repressed by oxygen, an acid stress response gene, and a quorum sensing circuit. It is shown that the patterns of activity revealed by inducible stable fluorescent proteins or reporter unstable proteins overestimate the region of activity. This is due to advective spreading and finite protein turnover rates. In the cases of a gene induced by either limitation for a metabolic substrate or accumulation of a metabolic product, maximal expression is predicted in an internal stratum of the biofilm. A quorum sensing system that includes an oxygen-responsive negative regulator exhibits behavior that is distinct from any stage of a batch planktonic culture. Though here the analyses have been limited to simultaneous interactions of up to two substrates and two genes, the framework applies to arbitrarily large networks of genes and metabolites. Extension of reaction-diffusion modeling in biofilms to the analysis of individual genes and gene networks is an important advance that dovetails with the growing toolkit of molecular and genetic experimental techniques.</p></div

Analysis of GFP expression in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> colony biofilms.

<p>Biofilms were developed for 48 h on membranes resting on tryptic soy agar plates. The two papers from which the experimental data in this figure were drawn used identical experimental systems <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Williamson2" target="_blank">[33]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Werner1" target="_blank">[34]</a>. A, oxygen concentration profile in mature colony biofilm. Reprinted with permission from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Werner1" target="_blank">[34]</a>; B, experimental GFP distribution (green) in frozen sections prior to induction (B1) and at 12 h post induction (B2). The transmission image in panel B1 was false colored blue to indicate the extent of biomass more clearly. The polymer membrane supporting the colony biofilm appears as a dark stripe in panel B2; the membrane detached from the biofilm specimen shown in panel B1 and so is absent. Reprinted with permission from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Williamson2" target="_blank">[33]</a>; C, Experimentally measured GFP fluorescent intensity in transects within the biofilm at various time points following induction (addition of arabinose). Zero on the x-axis corresponds to the biofilm-air interface; D, simulated GFP fluorescent intensity within the biofilm at various time points following induction. In panels C and D the air interface of the biofilm was on the left.</p

Simulated acid stress response in a <i>Staphylococcal</i> biofilm fermenting glucose to lactate.

<p>A, glucose and lactate concentrations. B, specific growth rate () and predicted spatial distribution of an acid stress response gene. Shown are results for the 48 h time point.</p

Simulated quorum sensing-regulated expression for <i>lasI</i> and <i>rsaL</i> genes.

<p>The simulations used the same parameter values in batch (A) and biofilm (B) cultures. C, rank of the <i>lasB</i> and <i>rsaL</i> gene transcripts for a low optical density planktonic culture of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (open circle, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-AlvarezOrtega1" target="_blank">[41]</a>), a high optical density planktonic culture (filled circle, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Zheng1" target="_blank">[48]</a>), and a mature biofilm (star, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Folsom1" target="_blank">[9]</a>). A low numerical value of rank corresponds to high level of expression. D, microarray signal intensity (a direct measure of the level of gene expression) for the <i>lasB</i> and <i>rsaL</i> transcripts in a <i>P. aeruginosa</i> biofilm during development; data from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083626#pone.0083626-Waite1" target="_blank">[49]</a>. Data for <i>lasB</i> were used rather than <i>lasI</i> because they had a larger dynamic range.</p