Fasting Diets: Are They Safe, Healthy, and Effective?

Diets are commonly prescribed to induce weight loss and reduce the risk of many diseases. Because a standard daily calorie restriction diet is often hard to maintain, other diet alternatives such as fasting diets were created. Fasting diets have been found to be effective, though they may not be any more effective than typical diets. Before beginning a fasting diet, it is best to seek professional medical advice to assess individual risks and circumstances. This fact sheet helps readers learn more about the safety, health, and effectiveness of fasting diets

Added Sugars: What You Need to Know

Added sugar has become a hot topic among health professionals and in the media. Based on the best available evidence, health professionals recommend that less than 10% of daily calories come from added sugar (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [HHS] & U.S. Department of Agriculture [USDA], 2015c) in order to maintain a balanced diet with all the important nutrients. In this fact sheet, we will address why and how to limit added sugar in your diet, what it is, and where to find it

Forensic NAPL Determination And Plume Differentiation – A Case Study

Recent developments in laboratory analytical techniques, when combined with application of multivariate statistical analyses allow differentiation and delineation of comingled NAPLs and resultant contaminant plumes. The increase in laboratory expertise and a growing body of relevant studies in case literature have made possible evaluation of petroleum impacted media through relatively standard techniques a reality, and well within the realm of economical site assessments. The application of several methods to determine the number, type, and timing of multiple NAPL releases at a commercial facility in an urban setting will be summarized. The combination of chemical, historical, and statistical techniques has allowed for a more complete evaluation of NAPL sources and release histories than was initially thought possible. In the examined case, overlapping NAPL plumes are defined, delineated, and identified; and source identifications for individual releases are completed. These evaluations resulted in identification of previously unconfirmed sources, improved characterization of the nature of NAPL present, and refined fate, transport, and feasibility evaluations for the conceptual site model

Toward Alaska Native research and data sovereignty: Observations and experiences from the Yukon Flats

Indigenous Peoples research and data sovereignty is of paramount importance to a healthy relationship between Indigenous Peoples and the research enterprise. The development of Indigenous methods and methodologies lends itself to the hot discussion of research and data or, as we posit, knowledge born from Alaska Native communities’ experiences and observations since time immemorial. Within the context of climate change, Alaska Native communities in the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge (Flats) are experiencing research fatigue. There are an extraordinary number of researchers applying constant pressure on Alaska Native communities on the Yukon Flats to engage with research ideas and pursuits that are not of their own needs. In concert with large and frequent grant dollars that are promoting research with Alaska Native Peoples and demand grant proposals have components of coproduction of knowledge intertwined with the research. With so much research directed at, not with, Alaska Native communities on the Yukon Flats, never has it been more important to shape research and data sovereignty with Alaska Native communities based on their needs and their worldviews. This article works to demonstrate how established Indigenous methods in collaboration with Alaska Native and Allies scholarship alongside Alaska Native communities inform the future of Alaska Native research and data sovereignty

Ventilation Induced Surfactant Spreading In Pulmonary Edema

I. Isolated rat lung preparatio

Racism and Illicit Drug Use among African American Women: The Protective Effects of Ethnic Identity, Affirmation, and Behavior

Though recent evidence indicates that rates of illicit drug use among African American women are now higher than the national average, little is known about the etiology of substance use in this population. In addition, the effects of racism and other cultural factors are understudied and may be unique amongst African American women. This cross-sectional study explores risk and protective factors for drug use among 204 African American women. More specifically, associations between racism experiences and drug use are investigated in the context of potential moderating influences (i.e., psychosocial resources, social safety net variables, and cultural identity and practices). Findings suggest that racism is associated with drug use, but that its effects diminish with age. In addition, results suggest that psychosocial resources, social safety net factors and culturally specific factors like ethnic community membership and engagement in cultural practices afford African American women some protection against the detrimental effects of racism

African American Female Offender\u27s Use of Alternative and Traditional Health Services After Re-Entry: Examining the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations

This is the first known study to use the Gelberg-Andersen Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations to predict African American women\u27s use of three types of health services (alternative, hospitalization, and ambulatory) in the 18 months after release from prison. In the multivariate models, the most robust predictors of all three types of service utilization were in the vulnerable theoretical domains. Alternative health services were predicted by ethnic community membership, higher religiosity, and HIV/HCV. Hospitalizations were predicted by the lack of barriers to health care and disability. Ambulatory office visits were predicted by more experiences of gendered racism, a greater number of physical health problems, and HIV/HCV. Findings highlight the importance of cultural factors and HIV/HCV in obtaining both alternative and formal health care during community re-entry. Clinicians and policymakers should consider the salient role that the vulnerable domain plays in offender\u27s accessing health services

Examining the Associations of Racism, Sexism, and Stressful Life Events on Psychological Distress among African-American Women

African-American women may be susceptible to stressful events and adverse health outcomes as a result of their distinct social location at the intersection of gender and race. Here, racism and sexism are examined concurrently using survey data from 204 African-American women residing in a southeastern U.S. urban city. Associations among racism, sexism, and stressful events across social roles and contexts (i.e., social network loss, motherhood and childbirth, employment and finances, personal illness and injury, and victimization) are investigated. Then, the relationships among these stressors on psychological distress are compared, and a moderation model is explored. Findings suggest that racism and sexism are a significant source of stress in the lives of African-American women and are correlated with one another and with other stressful events. Implications for future research and clinical considerations are discussed. (APA PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved