Duffy_Johnson_Maxent_rasters_and_presence_records

Presence location and raster data used to run Maxent models

Duffy_Johnson_JSDM_data

Raw data used to run Joint Species Distribution Model

Percentage of ownership and use across demographic and health characteristics (N = 1215).

<p>Percentage of ownership and use across demographic and health characteristics (N = 1215).</p

Consumer physical activity tracking device ownership and use among a population-based sample of adults

<div><p>Consumer physical activity tracking devices (PATs) have gained popularity to support individuals to be more active and less sedentary throughout the day. Wearable PATs provide real-time feedback of various fitness-related metrics such as tracking steps, sedentary time, and distance walked. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of PAT ownership and use among a population-based sample of adults. A representative sample of adults ≥18 years (N = 1,215) from Alberta, Canada were recruited through random-digit dialing and responded to a questionnaire via computer-assisted telephone interviewing methods in summer 2016. Questionnaires assessed demographic and health behaviour variables, and items were designed to assess PAT ownership and usage. Logistic regression analysis (odds ratios) was used to assess correlates of PAT ownership and use. On average, participants (N = 1,215) were 53.9 (SD 16.7) years and 50.1% were female. Of the sample, 19.6% (n = 238) indicated they currently own and use a PAT. Participants who owned a PAT wore their device on average 23.2 days within the past month. Currently owning a PAT was significantly associated with being female (OR = 1.41, CI: 1.10 to 1.82), being <60 years of age (OR = 1.86, CI: 1.37 to 2.53), having at least some post secondary education (OR = 1.88, CI: 1.36 to 2.60), having a BMI ≥25 (OR = 1.52, CI: 1.16 to 1.99), and meeting physical activity guidelines (OR = 1.45, CI: 1.12 to 1.88). Similar correlates emerged for PAT use. Correlates significantly associated with PAT use and ownership included being female, being less than 60 years of age, having a post-secondary education, meeting physical activity guidelines, and being overweight/obese. This is the first study to examine characteristics of PAT ownership and use among Canadian adults.</p></div

Coral Reef Disturbance and Recovery Dynamics Differ across Gradients of Localized Stressors in the Mariana Islands

<div><p>The individual contribution of natural disturbances, localized stressors, and environmental regimes upon longer-term reef dynamics remains poorly resolved for many locales despite its significance for management. This study examined coral reefs in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands across a 12-year period that included elevated Crown-of-Thorns Starfish densities (COTS) and tropical storms that were drivers of spatially-inconsistent disturbance and recovery patterns. At the island scale, disturbance impacts were highest on Saipan with reduced fish sizes, grazing urchins, and water quality, despite having a more favorable geological foundation for coral growth compared with Rota. However, individual drivers of reef dynamics were better quantified through site-level investigations that built upon island generalizations. While COTS densities were the strongest predictors of coral decline as expected, interactive terms that included wave exposure and size of the overall fish assemblages improved models (R² and AIC values). Both wave exposure and fish size diminished disturbance impacts and had negative associations with COTS. However, contrasting findings emerged when examining net ecological change across the 12-year period. Wave exposure had a ubiquitous, positive influence upon the net change in favorable benthic substrates (i.e. corals and other heavily calcifying substrates, R² = 0.17 for all reeftypes grouped), yet including interactive terms for herbivore size and grazing urchin densities, as well as stratifying by major reeftypes, substantially improved models (R² = 0.21 to 0.89, lower AIC scores). Net changes in coral assemblages (i.e., coral ordination scores) were more sensitive to herbivore size or the water quality proxy acting independently (R² = 0.28 to 0.44). We conclude that COTS densities were the strongest drivers of coral decline, however, net ecological change was most influenced by localized stressors, especially herbivore sizes and grazing urchin densities. Interestingly, fish size, rather than biomass, was consistently a better predictor, supporting allometric, size-and-function relationships of fish assemblages. Management implications are discussed.</p></div

Characteristics of respondents (N = 1215).

<p>Characteristics of respondents (N = 1215).</p

Comparisons of fish biomass and numeric density for several functional fish groups on Saipan and Rota.

<p>(*indicates P<0.05, comparative tests described in methods).</p

Dynamics of coral colony-size distributions and population densities across the disturbance periods.

<p>Rota had a non-significant decline and recovery in colony-size across the study periods (a), as well as a non-significant, sequential increase in population density (b). Reductions in colony-size were evident for Saipan (c) during the COTS period, accompanied by increases in population densities (d), attributed to the emergence of numerous small faviid and <i>Porites</i> corals (*indicates P<0.05, repeat measures ANOVA with post-hoc tests, see also Fig. 6).</p

Sequential strand displacement in a linear construct.

QCM-D data in .csv format. File contains overtone-normalized frequency changes for thirteenth overtone as a function of time, with the corresponding dissipation changes

Principle components ordination of coral assemblages for six representative monitoring sites around Saipan (a) and Rota (b).

<p>See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0105731#pone-0105731-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a> for site identification and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0105731#pone.0105731.s003" target="_blank">Table S3</a> for summary statistics. Pre-disturbance assemblages are indicated with an asterisk (*), while vectors depict directional change through time. Sparse <i>Porites</i> refers to a dominance of <i>P. lichen</i>, <i>P. vaughani</i>, and small colonies of other massive species. Tolerant faviids consisted of <i>Leptastrea purpurea</i>, <i>Goniastrea retiformis</i>, <i>G. edwardsi</i>, <i>Favia matthaii</i>, <i>F. pallida</i>, and <i>F. favus</i>. Other faviids consisted of <i>Favia stelligera</i>, <i>Platygyra</i> spp., <i>Cyphastrea</i> spp., and <i>Favites abdita</i>.</p