Strategic management of research and development: A literature search

Each abstract was reviewed as to its described contents and potential applicability to the topics expected to be addressed at the 1988 National Conference on strategic management of research and development. In each section the citations are listed alphabetically by senior or corporate author. The names, addresses, and telephone numbers of organizations from which the listed material may be requested, are provided

The Effects of the Social Listener Reinforcement Protocol on the Audience Control of Stereotypy and Social Operants for Students with Developmental Delays

In a within-subjects alternating treatments design, I tested for the presence of audience control in four participants' frequency of stereotypy in a self-contained special education setting versus a general education setting. Three students with autism, and one student diagnosed with an emotional disability were participants in the study. All students had the capability of observational learning and the cusp social listener reinforcement in their repertoires of verbal behavior. Probes were conducted at random across participants and settings, and showed high frequencies of stereotypy in the self-contained setting and low to no instances of stereotypy in the general education setting. As an extended test of audience control, Experiment 2 identified developmentally delayed nursery school students in an integrated setting and tested the effects of the social listener reinforcement protocol (Reilly-Lawson & Walsh, 2007) on the audience control of social vocal operants. All participants had speaker behavior in repertoire but few conversational units, sequelics, and mands were emitted with typically developing peers in the classroom. Participants also emitted low levels of correct choral responding during group instruction. Following the social listener reinforcement protocol all participants increased social vocal operants with classroom peers and became more integrated in the classroom environment. Correct choral responses increased, as well as sharing and mands, with each other and with typically developing classroom peers

Challenging Adhesion Contracts in California: A Consumer\u27s Guide

This Comment explores the California scheme for dealing with adhesion contracts, and proposes a change to the existing legal structure. Part I describes how California courts define adhesion contracts, examines the theories California courts have adopted to allow consumers to challenge adhesion contracts, and considers how jurisdictions outside California handle adhesion contracts. Part II focuses on when California courts will consider a contract adhesive and unenforceable. Part III compares California\u27s system of dealing with adhesion contracts with systems established in jurisdictions outside California in order to determine whether there is truly any substantive difference. Part IV suggests changes to improve the California system. Part V concludes by finding that while the California courts go a long way towards protecting consumers, there are still further steps which should be taken

Challenging Adhesion Contracts in California: A Consumer\u27s Guide

This Comment explores the California scheme for dealing with adhesion contracts, and proposes a change to the existing legal structure. Part I describes how California courts define adhesion contracts, examines the theories California courts have adopted to allow consumers to challenge adhesion contracts, and considers how jurisdictions outside California handle adhesion contracts. Part II focuses on when California courts will consider a contract adhesive and unenforceable. Part III compares California\u27s system of dealing with adhesion contracts with systems established in jurisdictions outside California in order to determine whether there is truly any substantive difference. Part IV suggests changes to improve the California system. Part V concludes by finding that while the California courts go a long way towards protecting consumers, there are still further steps which should be taken

Interactions of spacecraft and other moving bodies with natural plasmas

Abstract compilation on spacecraft interactions with ionosphere, magnetosphere, and interplanetary plasm

MyMediaLife - Population-Driven New Media Social Marketing and Branding

This workshop is intended for adolescent service providers and anyone interested in discovering new ways to conduct community outreach and marketing. This workshop will: Examine how youth are consuming and utilizing new media in their lives, and the impacts of the new-media revolution on adolescent behavior, learning, and socialization. Demonstrate how behavior science is organically infused into social marketing efforts. Provide practitioners with an overview of a program that both teaches adolescents the fundamentals of social marketing (behavior-change) campaigns, but structures a process wherein youth envision, design, produce, and disseminate the campaign on behalf of the host agency. Present MyMediaLife evaluation results with four New York State Planned Parenthood affiliates and the Charles B Wang Community Health Center in NYC

Response similarity as a basis for perceptual binding

Detection of low-contrast Gabor patches (GPs) is improved when flanked by collinear GPs, whereas suppression is observed for high-contrast GPs. The facilitation resembles the principles of Gestalt theory of perceptual organization. We propose a model for contour integration in the context of noise that incorporates a temporal element into this spatial architecture. The basic principles are (1) the response increases with increasing contrast, whereas the latency decreases; (2) activity-dependent interactions: facilitation for low and suppression for high activity; (3) the variance increases with contrast for responses, rates, and latency; and (4) inhibition has a shorter time constant than excitation. When a texture of randomly oriented GPs is presented, the response to every element decreases due to fast inhibition between the neighboring elements, shifting the activity toward the range of collinear facilitation. Next, the slower excitation induces selective facilitation along the contour elements. Consequently, the response to the contour increases, whereas the variance of the rate and latency decreases, providing better temporal correlation between the contour elements. Thus, collinear facilitation increases the saliency of contours. Our model may suggest a solution to the binding problem by bridging between the temporal and spatial aspects of lateral interactions that determine the encoding of perceptual grouping