ULTRASONIC TESTING for DETERMINING DYNAMIC SOIL MODULI.

Determination of Dynamic E- and G-Moduli of a Silty Clay Material Was Made by Measuring Directly the Velocity of Both Ultrasonic Longitudinal and Shear Waves Transmitted through the Material. the Equipment, developed at the University of Missouri-Rolla, Allows Dynamic, Nondestructive Testing of Soil Materials to Be Conducted Rapidly and Easily

Cellular Normal Modes: An Explanation for Alluvium Response to Earthquakes

The cellular mode concept uses simple physical reasoning to treat the response of soft sediments to earthquake shaking. It assumes that discrete areas of the ground, or cells , have normal modes of vibration, and that each cell has its own natural frequency of vibration. Evidence indicates that shaking effects often relate directly to cell properties. Thus the 1967 Caracas, 1976 Tangshan, 1985 Mexico and 1989 San Francisco earthquakes have damage patterns, liquefaction patterns and instrumental record features which reflect the response of cellular modes. Since the introduction of the concept in 1974 a range of analytical and numerical techniques have been devised to characterize the cells and their response to earthquake shaking

Gas of self-avoiding loops on the brickwork lattice

An exact calculation of the phase diagram for a loop gas model on the brickwork lattice is presented. The model includes a bending energy. In the dense limit, where all the lattice sites are occupied, a phase transition occuring at an asymmetric Lifshitz tricritical point is observed as the temperature associated with the bending energy is varied. Various critical exponents are calculated. At lower densities, two lines of transitions (in the Ising universality class) are observed, terminated by a tricritical point, where there is a change in the modulation of the correlation function. To each tricritical point an associated disorder line is found.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures. to appear in J. Phys. A : Math. & Ge

Cattle Feeding Barns and Shelters

Cattle feeding barns, carefully planned and properly built for sanitation and convenience of man and beast, represent good investments. The types of shelters and barns described in this circular have been used long enough by successful breeders and feeders in this state to demonstrate their worth. They are both economical in construction and practical for cornbelt conditions

Beef Cattle Equipment: Feeding Equipment for Cattle

Practically all of the pieces of cattle-feeding equipment described in this circular have been tried out for some years in the barns and feedlots of successful feeders. They may be \u27\u27home built\u27\u27 and when used will save time, labor and feed and add that much to the possibility of feeding cattle at a profit. Such feeding equipment as bunks, mangers, self-feeders for both grain and roughage, watering tanks, water storage tanks, cattle stocks, shipping crates, scale pens, dipping vats and the like, is necessary; the extent and kind of this equipment will depend upon the circumstances and needs of the individual feeder

Architectural/Environmental Handbook for Extraterrestrial Design

Handbook on environmental and space utilization criteria for design of extraterrestrial manned spacecraft and shelter

Brayton-cycle radioisotope heat source design study. Phase I - /Conceptual design/ report

Conceptual designs for radioisotope heat source systems to provide 25 kW thermal power to Brayton cycle power conversion system for space application

Radio Images of 3C 58: Expansion and Motion of its Wisp

New 1.4 GHz VLA observations of the pulsar-powered supernova remnant 3C 58 have resulted in the highest-quality radio images of this object to date. The images show filamentary structure over the body of the nebula. The present observations were combined with earlier ones from 1984 and 1991 to investigate the variability of the radio emission on a variety of time-scales. No significant changes are seen over a 110 day interval. In particular, the upper limit on the apparent projected velocity of the wisp is 0.05c. The expansion rate of the radio nebula was determined between 1984 and 2004, and is 0.014+/-0.003%/year, corresponding to a velocity of 630+/-70 km/s along the major axis. If 3C 58 is the remnant of SN 1181, it must have been strongly decelerated, which is unlikely given the absence of emission from the supernova shell. Alternatively, the low expansion speed and a number of other arguments suggest that 3C 58 may be several thousand years old and not be the remnant of SN 1181.Comment: 12 pages; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa

Wave Transformation Across a Macrotidal Shore Platform Under Low to Moderate Energy Conditions

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this recordWe investigate how waves are transformed across a shore platform as this is a central question in rock coast geomorphology. We present results from deployment of three pressure transducers over four days, across a sloping, wide (~200 m) cliff-backed shore platform in a macrotidal setting, in South Wales, United Kingdom. Cross-shore variations in wave heights were evident under the predominantly low to moderate (significant wave height < 1.4 m) energy conditions measured. At the outer transducer 50 m from the seaward edge of the platform (163 m from the cliff) high tide water depths were 8+ m meaning that waves crossed the shore platform without breaking. At the mid-platform position water depth was 5 m. Water depth at the inner transducer (6 m from the cliff platform junction) at high tide was 1.4 m. This shallow water depth forced wave breaking, thereby limiting wave heights on the inner platform. Maximum wave height at the middle and inner transducers were 2.41 and 2.39 m, respectively, and significant wave height 1.35 m and 1.34 m, respectively. Inner platform high tide wave heights were generally larger where energy was up to 335% greater than near the seaward edge where waves were smaller. Infragravity energy was less than 13% of the total energy spectra with energy in the swell, wind and capillary frequencies accounting for 87% of the total energy. Wave transformation is thus spatially variable and is strongly modulated by platform elevation and the tidal range. While shore platforms in microtidal environments have been shown to be highly dissipative, in this macro-tidal setting up to 90% of the offshore wave energy reached the landward cliff at high tide, so that the shore platform cliff is much more reflective.W Stephenson's field work was supported by Australian Research Council grant (DP0557205). A RGS-EPSRC Small Research Grant supported L.A. Naylor