9,322 research outputs found
Unravelling an Extra Neutral Gauge Boson at the LHC using Third Generation Fermions
We study the potential to use measurements of extra neutral gauge bosons (Z')
properties in pp collisions at the Large Hadron Collider to unravel the
underlying physics. We focus on the usefulness of third generation final states
(tau, b, t) in distinguishing between models with non-universal Z'-fermion
couplings. We present an update of discovery limits of Z's including the
2010-2011 LHC run and include models with non-universal couplings. We show how
ratios of sigma(pp -> Z' -> ttbar), sigma(pp -> Z' -> bbbar), and sigma(pp ->
Z' -> tau^+tau^-) to sigma(pp -> Z' -> mu^+mu^-) can be used to distinguish
between models and measure parameters of the models. Of specific interest are
models with preferential couplings, such as models with generation dependent
couplings. We also find that forward-backward asymmetry measurements with third
generation fermions in the final state could provide important input to
understanding the nature of the Z'. Understanding detector resolution and
efficiencies will be crucial for extracting results
Using Final State Pseudorapidities to Improve s-channel Resonance Observables at the LHC
We study the use of final state particle pseudorapidity for measurements of
s-channel resonances at the LHC. Distinguishing the spin of an s-channel
resonance can, in principle, be accomplished using angular distributions in the
centre-of-mass frame, possibly using a centre-edge asymmetry measurement, A_CE.
In addition, forward-backward asymmetry measurements, A_FB, can be used to
distinguish between models of extra neutral gauge bosons. In this note we show
how these measurements can be improved by using simple methods based on the
pseudorapidity of the final state particles and present the expected results
for A_FB and A_CE for several representative models.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; typos fixed, improved visibility of
figures for greyscale printin
Investigation into Wheelchair Mobility Control that Uses a Minimally Invasive Intra-Oral Palate Control Device utilising Resistopalatography Techniques
Interfacing with conventional wheelchair input devices is a major challenge when it comes to patients with high levels of disability. This paper intends to report on the new method of wheelchair mobility interfacing using Resistopalatog- raphy. The technique proposed here is based around utilising the tongue as the controlling muscle group to input desired movement into a force sensitive sensing dental retainer. Using the position of the force, and force applied a direction and speed metric can be calculated emulating conventional joystick output data. The resistopalatography technique has been applied to other Human Machine Interfacing areas with success [1]
Putting Free-Riding to Work: A Partnership Solution to the Common-Property Problem
The common-property problem results in excessive mining, hunting, and extraction of oil and water. The same phenomenon is also responsible for excessive investment in R&D and excessive outlays in rent-seeking contests. We propose a "Partnership Solution" to eliminate or at least mitigate these excesses. Each of N players joins a partnership in the first stage and chooses his effort in the second stage. Under the rules of a partnership, each member must pay his own cost of effort but receives an equal share of the partnership's revenue. The incentive to free-ride created by such partnerships turns out to be beneficial since it naturally offsets the excessive effort inherent in such problems. In our two-stage game, this institutional arrangement can, under specified circumstances, induce the social optimum in a subgame-perfect equilibrium: no one has a unilateral incentive (1) to switch to another partnership (or create a new partnership) in the first stage or (2) to deviate from socially optimal actions in the second stage. The game may have other subgame-perfect equilibria, but the one associated with the ``Partnership Solution'' is strictly preferred by every player. We also propose a modification of the first stage which generates a unique subgame-perfect equilibrium. Antitrust authorities should recognize that partnerships can have a less benign use. By organizing as competing partnerships, an industry can reduce the ``excessive'' output of Cournot oligopoly to the monopoly level. Since no partner has any incentive to overproduce in the current period, there is no need to deter cheating with threats of future punishments.partnerships;common property;tragedy of the commons;cartels
Exploring compressed supersymmetry with same-sign top quarks at the Large Hadron Collider
In compressed supersymmetry, a light top squark naturally mediates efficient
neutralino pair annihilation to govern the thermal relic abundance of dark
matter. I study the LHC signal of same-sign leptonic top-quark decays from
gluino and squark production, which follows from gluino decays to top plus stop
followed by the stop decaying to a charm quark and the LSP in these models.
Measurements of the numbers of jets with heavy-flavor tags in the same-sign
lepton events can be used to confirm the origin of the signal. Summed
transverse momentum observables provide an estimate of an effective
superpartner mass, which is correlated with the gluino mass. Measurements of
invariant mass endpoints from the visible products of gluino decays do not
allow direct determination of superpartner masses, but can place constraints on
them, including lower bounds on the gluino mass as a function of the top-squark
mass.Comment: 22 pages. v2: Discussion of competition between 2-body and 4-body
stop decays corrected. References adde
Implications of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with vector-like quarks and a ~125 GeV Higgs boson
We investigate the implications of models that achieve a Standard Model-like
Higgs boson of mass near 125 GeV by introducing additional TeV-scale
supermultiplets in the vector-like 10+\bar{10} representation of SU(5), within
the context of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking. We study the resulting
mass spectrum of superpartners, comparing and contrasting to the usual
gauge-mediated and CMSSM scenarios, and discuss implications for LHC
supersymmetry searches. This approach implies that exotic vector-like fermions
t'_{1,2}, b',and \tau' should be within the reach of the LHC. We discuss the
masses, the couplings to electroweak bosons, and the decay branching ratios of
the exotic fermions, with and without various unification assumptions for the
mass and mixing parameters. We comment on LHC prospects for discovery of the
exotic fermion states, both for decays that are prompt and non-prompt on
detector-crossing time scales.Comment: 32 pages. v2: references added, figure caption 5.3 correcte
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