6,094 research outputs found
Doping driven structural distortion in the bilayer iridate (SrLa)IrO
Neutron single crystal diffraction and rotational anisotropy optical second
harmonic generation data are presented resolving the nature of the structural
distortion realized in electron-doped (SrLa)IrO with
and . Once electrons are introduced into the bilayer
spin-orbit assisted Mott insulator SrIrO, previous studies have
identified the appearance of a low temperature structural distortion and have
suggested the presence of a competing electronic instability in the phase
diagram of this material. Our measurements resolve a lowering of the structural
symmetry from monoclinic to monoclinic and the creation of two
unique Ir sites within the chemical unit cell as the lattice distorts below a
critical temperature . Details regarding the modifications to oxygen
octahedral rotations and tilting through the transition are discussed as well
as the evolution of the low temperature distorted lattice as a function of
carrier substitution.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Strain-activated structural anisotropy in BaFe2As2
High-resolution single crystal neutron diffraction measurements are presented
probing the magnetostructural response to uniaxial pressure in the iron
pnictide parent system BaFe2As2. Scattering data reveal a strain-activated,
anisotropic broadening of nuclear Bragg reflections, which increases upon
cooling below the resolvable onset of global orthorhombicity. This anisotropy
in lattice coherence continues to diverge until a lower temperature scale---the
first-order onset of antiferromagnetism---is reached. Our data suggest that
antiferromagnetism and strong magnetoelastic coupling drive the
strain-activated lattice response in this material and that the development of
anisotropic lattice coherence under strain is the physical origin for the
anomalous nematic anisotropy in this compound.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
An investigation into the unusual linkage isomerization and nitrite reduction activity of a novel tris(2-pyridyl) copper complex
The copper-containing nitrite reductases (CuNIRs) are a class of enzymes that mediate the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide in biological systems. Metal–ligand complexes that reproduce the salient features of the active site of CuNIRs are therefore of fundamental interest, both for elucidating the possible mode of action of the enzymes and for developing biomimetic catalysts for nitrite reduction. Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new tris(2-pyridyl) copper complex ([Cu1(NO2)2]) that binds two molecules of nitrite, and displays all three of the common binding modes for NO2−, with one nitrite bound in an asymmetric quasi-bidentate κ2-ONO manner and the other bound in a monodentate fashion with a linkage isomerism between the κ1-ONO and κ1-NO2 binding modes. We use density functional theory to help rationalize the presence of all three of these linkage isomers in one compound, before assessing the redox activity of [Cu1(NO2)2]. These latter studies show that the complex is not a competent nitrite reduction electrocatalyst in non-aqueous solvent, even in the presence of additional proton donors, a finding which may have implications for the design of biomimetic catalysts for nitrite reduction
Galcanezumab in episodic migraine: subgroup analyses of efficacy by high versus low frequency of migraine headaches in phase 3 studies (EVOLVE-1 & EVOLVE-2).
BACKGROUND: Patients with high-frequency episodic migraine (HFEM) have a greater disease burden than those with low-frequency episodic migraine (LFEM). Acute treatment overuse increases the risk of migraine chronification in patients with HFEM. Galcanezumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody binding calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), is effective for migraine prevention with a favorable safety profile. Here, we investigate whether there are differences in galcanezumab efficacy in patients with LFEM or with HFEM.
METHODS: Data were pooled from two double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials; EVOLVE-1 and EVOLVE-2. Patients were 18-65 years old, experienced 4-14 monthly migraine headache days (MHDs) for ≥1 year prior, with onset at \u3c 50 years of age. Migraine headaches were tracked via electronic patient-reported outcome system and randomization was stratified by low (LFEM; 4-7 monthly MHDs) or high (HFEM; 8-14 monthly MHDs) frequency. Subgroup analysis compared the HFEM and LFEM subgroups with a linear or generalized linear mixed model repeated measures approach.
RESULTS: The intent-to-treat patients (N = 1773) had a mean age of 41.3 years, were mostly white (75%), female (85%), and 66% of patients had HFEM. In both the LFEM and HFEM subgroups, the overall (Months 1-6) and monthly changes from baseline in monthly MHDs and monthly MHDs with acute medication use compared with placebo were statistically significantly reduced for galcanezumab 120-mg and 240-mg. Galcanezumab (120-mg and 240-mg) significantly decreased the overall and monthly MHDs with nausea and/or vomiting, and with photophobia and phonophobia versus placebo in patients with LFEM or HFEM. In both subgroups, the mean overall (Months 1-6) and monthly percentages of patients with ≥50%, ≥75%, and 100% reduction in monthly MHDs from baseline were statistically significantly greater in patients receiving either dose of galcanezumab versus placebo. Galcanezumab (120-mg and 240-mg) significantly improved the Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire role function-restrictive domain score as well as the Migraine Disability Assessment total score versus placebo for patients with LFEM or HFEM. There were no significant subgroup-by-treatment interactions.
CONCLUSIONS: Galcanezumab was as effective in patients with HFEM as in those with LFEM. Associated symptoms, quality of life, and disability were similarly improved in patients with HFEM or LFEM.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02614183 , NCT02614196
AVSb Kagome Superconductors: Progress and Future Directions
The recent discovery of the AVSb (A=K, Rb, Cs) kagome superconductors
launched a growing field of research investigating electronic instabilities in
kagome metals. Specifically, the AVSb family naturally exhibits a Fermi
level tuned to the Van Hove singularities associated with the saddle points
formed from the prototypical kagome band structure. The charge density wave and
superconducting states that form within the kagome networks of these compounds
exhibit a number of anomalous properties reminiscent of theoretical predictions
of exotic states in kagome metals tuned close to their Van Hove fillings. Here
we provide an overview of the key structural and electronic features of
AVSb compounds and review the status of investigations into their
unconventional electronic phase transitions.Comment: 6 figures, 17 page
Negotiating the Minefields of Electronic Discovery
A company’s employee has sued for sexual harassment, age discrimination, or wrongful termination. Or, as another example, the company has been sued for infringement of intellectual property, breach of contract, fraud, or any number of other business reasons. During the course of discovery, the plaintiff serves discovery requests, including a request for data that has been deleted from the company’s electronic records but may still be contained within the company’s backup systems. The search for this data is time consuming and expensive. Discoverable materials may be found in the company’s backup system, but does that possibility justify the lost productivity and expense to restore the material
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