Mötet med den muslimska familjen på mödrarådgivningen

Sammandrag: Oroligheter och krig i världen leder till att det kommer mera invandrare och flyktingar till Finland hela tiden, många av dessa har islam som religion. Uppdrags-givaren för examensarbetet var Vanda stad, syftet med arbetet var att ta reda på om det finns särdrag i den islamska religionen eller muslimska kulturen gällande mödraråd-givning, graviditet och förlossning. Och att ta reda på vilka erfarenheter eller önskemål muslimska kvinnor har gällande mödrarådgivning. Forskningsfrågorna som ställdes var ”Vilka är särdragen för den muslimska kulturen i förhållande till graviditet, förlossning och prenatal vård” och ”Hurdana erfarenheter av och vilka önskemål har muslimska familjer gällande mödrarådgivningen” Som teoretiskt perspektiv för arbetet fungerar Madeleine Leiningers teori om transkultu-rellt vårdande. Studien är en litteratur översikt med systematisk litteratursökning. En de-duktiv, kvalitativ innehållsanalys har valts till analysmetod. Resultatet på studien visar att de största särdragen gällande vården av en muslimsk gravid kvinna är att ta familjen i beaktan, respektera deras vilja om kvinnliga vårdare och att diskutera ramadan under gra-viditeten. Resultatet gällande erfarenheter av mödravård visar att muslimska kvinnor öns-kar en vårdande relation och stöd från mödrarådgivningen och på förlossningssjukhuset. Vårdpersonalen bör vara medveten om och visa känslighet gällande kulturella eller reli-giösa behov hos patienter och deras familjer.Abstract: Civil unrest and wars in the world means that there will be more immigrants and refugees moving to Finland, many of these have Islam as a religion. The commiss-ioner for this degree thesis was the city of Vantaa and the aim of this study is to explore what characterizes the Islamic religion or Muslim culture regarding maternal counseling, pregnancy and childbirth. And to find out what experiences or desires Muslim women have regarding maternal care. The research questions asked was "What are the characteristics of the Muslim culture in relation to pregnancy, childbirth and prenatal care" and "What kind of experience of and what are the wishes of Muslim families regarding maternity care" As a theoretical perspective for the work functions Madeleine Leininger's theory of transcultural nursing. The study is a litterature review with systematic search of litterature. A deductive qualitative content analysis has been chosen as method of analysis. The results of the study show that the main characteristics regarding the care of a Muslim pregnant woman is to take the family into account, respect their will of women caretakers and to discuss Ramadan during pregnancy. The results regarding experiences of maternity care indicate that Muslim women desire a caring relationship and support from the maternity clinic and the maternity hospital. Healthcare professionals should be aware of and show sensitivity regarding cultural or religious needs of patients and their families.Tiivistelmä: Levottomuudet ja sota maailmassa johtavat siihen, että Suomeen muuttaa enemmän maahanmuuttajia ja pakolaisia. Monella heillä on islami uskontona. Opinnäy-tetyön toimeksiantaja oli Vantaan kaupunki. Työn tavoite oli selvittää, onko piirteitä islaminuskoon tai muslimikulttuurin koskien äitien neuvontaa, raskautta ja synnytystä, sekä selvittää, minkälaisia kokemuksia tai toivomuksia musliminaisilla on äitiysneuvo-lan suhteen. Tutkimuskysymykset olivat ”Mitä piirteitä on muslimikulttuurissa tai Islamin uskonnossa koskien raskautta, synnytystä sekä äitiyshuoltoa.” ja ”Minkälaisia kokemuksia ja toivomuksia muslimiperheillä on koskien äitiysneuvolaa”. Madeleine Leiningerin teoria transkulttuurisesta hoitotyöstä toimii teoreettisena vii-tekehyksenä. Tutkimus on kirjallisuuskatsaus systemaattisella kirjallisuus haulla. De-duktiivinen laadullinen sisällön analyysi on valittu analyysimenetelmäksi. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittavat, että tärkeimmät ominaisuudet raskaana olevan musliminaisen hoi-dossa on ottaa perhe huomioon, kunnioittaa tahtoa naislääkäreistä ja naishoitajista sekä keskustella Ramadanista raskauden aikana. Tulos kokemuksista äitiyshuollosta osoittaa, että musliminaiset haluavat huolehtivan suhteen ja tukea äitiysneuvolasta ja syn-nytyssairaalasta. Terveyden- huollon ammattilaisten tulisi olla tietoisia ja näyttää herkkyyttä potilaiden ja heidän per-heiden kulttuurisiin ja uskonnollisiin tarpeisiin

Being and becoming a teacher in medical education

Medical teachers’ conceptions of teaching have implications for student learning. The way teachers understand what it means to be a good teacher and what it means to develop as a teacher affect their aims and practice as teachers and their motivation for engaging in development activities. The aim of this thesis was to clarify how medical teachers understand being lecturers, clinical supervisors and mentors and also how they understand teaching and development as a teacher. In this thesis, the term medical teacher is used for everyone teaching or supervising undergraduate students in medicine or allied health professions at a university campus or associated hospitals. Thirty-nine medical teachers were interviewed. The interviews were semi-structured and analysed using a phenomenographic approach. The findings include qualitatively different ways of understanding: · Being a teacher in the teaching roles of being a lecturer, clinical supervisor and mentor (Study I and II) · Development as a teacher and of teaching (Study III) · Teaching; particularly in relation to how opportunities and barriers for development are perceived (Study IV) The findings of the studies are further elaborated in three ways: 1) By using a model of learning and teaching to explore the different understandings of what it means to be and become a teacher. 2) By exploring perceived differences and similarities between the three teaching roles as described by the individual respondents, 3) By analysing the relationship between different ways of understanding the phenomena studied on an individual level. The way being and becoming a teacher is understood is dynamic and changes over time. Teachers’ understanding of their role constitutes a fundamental dimension of their development as teachers and exerts a significant influence on their teaching. By exploring the effects of various contexts and perceptions of different facets of the teacher role, aspects important to supporting student learning can be addressed

Systematic Personal Training by Letting Students Teach each Other

During the last three years an intranet-based strategy for active learning has been incrementally developed and evaluated at the Department of Computer and Systems Sciences at Stockholm University. The strategy has been evaluated with over 700 students in ten courses and in interviews with eight teachers. In the last and largest evaluation of the strategy 95% of the students were positive to using the strategy, 91% liked using it, and 88% would recommend the strategy to be used on a large scale in university education. The method makes it possible for all students in a course to receive personal training on all parts of the course curriculum. Our method presents a unique combination of Active Learning, Peer teaching and eLearning