Gleicher Zugang zum Recht: (Menschen-)Rechtlicher Anspruch und Wirklichkeit

Zwischen dem rechtlichen Anspruch auf einen gleichen Zugang zu Recht und Justiz und seiner faktischen Inanspruchnahme klafft offenkundig eine große Lücke. Gesellschaftlich benachteiligte Personengruppen machen deutlich seltener von ihrem Recht Gebrauch

Clinical and virological characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in a German tertiary care centre during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a prospective observational study.

Funder: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1034)PURPOSE: Adequate patient allocation is pivotal for optimal resource management in strained healthcare systems, and requires detailed knowledge of clinical and virological disease trajectories. The purpose of this work was to identify risk factors associated with need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), to analyse viral kinetics in patients with and without IMV and to provide a comprehensive description of clinical course. METHODS: A cohort of 168 hospitalised adult COVID-19 patients enrolled in a prospective observational study at a large European tertiary care centre was analysed. RESULTS: Forty-four per cent (71/161) of patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Shorter duration of symptoms before admission (aOR 1.22 per day less, 95% CI 1.10-1.37, p < 0.01) and history of hypertension (aOR 5.55, 95% CI 2.00-16.82, p < 0.01) were associated with need for IMV. Patients on IMV had higher maximal concentrations, slower decline rates, and longer shedding of SARS-CoV-2 than non-IMV patients (33 days, IQR 26-46.75, vs 18 days, IQR 16-46.75, respectively, p < 0.01). Median duration of hospitalisation was 9 days (IQR 6-15.5) for non-IMV and 49.5 days (IQR 36.8-82.5) for IMV patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a short duration of symptoms before admission as a risk factor for severe disease that merits further investigation and different viral load kinetics in severely affected patients. Median duration of hospitalisation of IMV patients was longer than described for acute respiratory distress syndrome unrelated to COVID-19

Clinical and virological characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in a German tertiary care centre during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a prospective observational study

Purpose: Adequate patient allocation is pivotal for optimal resource management in strained healthcare systems, and requires detailed knowledge of clinical and virological disease trajectories. The purpose of this work was to identify risk factors associated with need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), to analyse viral kinetics in patients with and without IMV and to provide a comprehensive description of clinical course. Methods: A cohort of 168 hospitalised adult COVID-19 patients enrolled in a prospective observational study at a large European tertiary care centre was analysed. Results: Forty-four per cent (71/161) of patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Shorter duration of symptoms before admission (aOR 1.22 per day less, 95% CI 1.10-1.37, p < 0.01) and history of hypertension (aOR 5.55, 95% CI 2.00-16.82, p < 0.01) were associated with need for IMV. Patients on IMV had higher maximal concentrations, slower decline rates, and longer shedding of SARS-CoV-2 than non-IMV patients (33 days, IQR 26-46.75, vs 18 days, IQR 16-46.75, respectively, p < 0.01). Median duration of hospitalisation was 9 days (IQR 6-15.5) for non-IMV and 49.5 days (IQR 36.8-82.5) for IMV patients. Conclusions: Our results indicate a short duration of symptoms before admission as a risk factor for severe disease that merits further investigation and different viral load kinetics in severely affected patients. Median duration of hospitalisation of IMV patients was longer than described for acute respiratory distress syndrome unrelated to COVID-19

Bewertungsportale - eine neue Qualität der Konsumenteninformation?

Bewertungsportale, in denen man seine Meinung zu Gütern oder Dienstleistungen äußern kann, sind seit einiger Zeit bekannt und verbreitet. Kann durch sie die Nachfrageseite eine neue, informationsgestützte Machtposition erlangen? Ein Projektteam des Instituts für Versicherungswesen an der TH Köln (ivwKöln) hat sich dieser Frage gewidmet und zunächst kontrastierende Hypothesen aus der Gegenüberstellung des informationsökonomischen und des diffusionstheoretischen Ansatzes entwickelt. Eine Hypothesengruppe bezog sich auf die Frage, von welchen Faktoren die Nachfrage und Wertschätzung von Bewertungsportalen abhängig ist, eine andere unterstellte, dass globale Produkteigenschaften auf der Dimension Such-, Erfahrungs-, Vertrauenseigenschaften sich auf die Nutzung von Portalen auswirkten. Untersucht wurden deshalb sehr unterschiedliche Portale, für Kleidung, Restaurants, Ärzte und Versicherungen. Empirische Grundlage war eine online-gestützte Befragung mit einem Convenience-Sample von 114 Befragten. Neben Studierenden des ivwKöln wurden Angestellte und Personen im Rentenalter zur Teilnahme motiviert, um eine breite Altersstreuung zu erreichen. Die Ergebnisse zur ersten Hypothesengruppe sprechen eindeutig für den diffusionstheoretischen Ansatz. Bei den beiden analysierbaren Portalen (Restaurants und Ärzte) ergibt sich: Entscheidende Faktoren für den Besuch von Restaurantportalen sind Internetaffinität, Alter, Produktinvolvement und Meinungsführerschaft; für den Besuch von Ärzteportalen sind es Internetaffinität und Produktinvolvement. Damit ist auch klar, dass sich die Machtposition der Nachfrager durch die Nutzung von Portalen allenfalls selektiv verstärkt. Die zweite Hypothese, dass Portalnutzung auch von globalen Produkteigenschaften abhängig sei, ließ sich nicht bestätigen.Review websites, where people can share their opinions on goods or services, are commonly known and widespread. But can they help the demand side reach a new, information-based position of power? A project group of the Institute of Insurance Studies at the TH Köln (ivwKöln) has tackled this question and initially created contrasting hypotheses from the point of view of information economics and from the point of view of the diffusion of innovations theory. One hypothesis group dealt with the question on which factors the demand and esteem of review websites depend, while another group assumed that global product features such search-, experience- and trustworthiness properties had an effect on the use of such review websites. For this reason, different types of review portals were examined, such as portals for clothes, restaurants, doctors and insurance companies. The empirical basis for this was a web-supported survey with a convenience sample of 114 people. Apart from students of the IVW, staff and people of pensionable age were encouraged to participate, thereby reaching a wider range of age groups. The results of the first hypothesis group clearly speak for the diffusion of innovations theoretical approach. The results of both examined portals (restaurants and doctors) show that decisive factors in visiting restaurant review websites are an affinity for the internet, age, product involvement and opinion leadership, while the use of doctor review platforms mostly depended on internet affinity and product involvement. This shows that the strengthening of the position of power of the consumers through the use of review websites is selective at best. The second hypothesis, stating that the use of portals also depends on global product features, could not be confirmed

Clinical and virological characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in a German tertiary care centre during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a prospective observational study

Purpose!#!Adequate patient allocation is pivotal for optimal resource management in strained healthcare systems, and requires detailed knowledge of clinical and virological disease trajectories. The purpose of this work was to identify risk factors associated with need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), to analyse viral kinetics in patients with and without IMV and to provide a comprehensive description of clinical course.!##!Methods!#!A cohort of 168 hospitalised adult COVID-19 patients enrolled in a prospective observational study at a large European tertiary care centre was analysed.!##!Results!#!Forty-four per cent (71/161) of patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Shorter duration of symptoms before admission (aOR 1.22 per day less, 95% CI 1.10-1.37, p &amp;lt; 0.01) and history of hypertension (aOR 5.55, 95% CI 2.00-16.82, p &amp;lt; 0.01) were associated with need for IMV. Patients on IMV had higher maximal concentrations, slower decline rates, and longer shedding of SARS-CoV-2 than non-IMV patients (33 days, IQR 26-46.75, vs 18 days, IQR 16-46.75, respectively, p &amp;lt; 0.01). Median duration of hospitalisation was 9 days (IQR 6-15.5) for non-IMV and 49.5 days (IQR 36.8-82.5) for IMV patients.!##!Conclusions!#!Our results indicate a short duration of symptoms before admission as a risk factor for severe disease that merits further investigation and different viral load kinetics in severely affected patients. Median duration of hospitalisation of IMV patients was longer than described for acute respiratory distress syndrome unrelated to COVID-19