Free Radical Scavenging Activity, Determination of Phenolic Compounds and HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS Profile of Campomanesia adamantium Leaves

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Numerous diseases are induced by free radicals via lipid peroxidation, protein peroxidation and DNA damage. It has been known that a variety of plant extracts have antioxidant activity to scavenge free radicals. Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) is a small tree with edible fruit, commonly known as "guavira" or "guabiroba-branca" that has been used in popular medicine as depurative anti-diarrhoeic, anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic and to liver diseases. In this study, the antiradical activities of ethanol crude extract of the leaves from C. adamantium and the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions obtained by partition, were determined using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) and ORAC-FL (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) assays. The total phenol content in the samples was estimated by Folin Ciocalteau method (FCR). In an initial evaluation the ethanolic extract and the fractions ethyl acetate and butanol have shown levels of phenolic compounds between 15- 74 mg GAE/g in FCR assay, showed DPPH free-radical scavenging activity with SC50 in the range of 7.77-13.35 mu g/mL and demonstrated antioxidant capacity between 2648-3502 mu mol TE/g of extract and fractions in the ORAC-FL assay. HPLC-DAD and ESI-MS analysis revealed were that the extract of the leaves of C. adamantium studied appears to contain flavonoids as major constituents, including isoquercetrin and quercetin that exhibit proven antioxidant activity.67SI969972Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAEPEX-UNICAMPFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Phytochemical Study and Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation of Talauma ovata

Phytochemical Study and Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation of Talauma ovata. Petroleum ether and ethanol extracts of trunk bark and leaves from Talauma ovata St. Hil. (Magnoliaceae) were submitted to chromatographic separation. This procedure furnished the sesquiterpene lactones costunolide and parthenolide and the aporphine alkaloids liriodenine, lanuginosine, dicentrinone, O-methylmoschatoline and N-acetylxylopine. Crude extracts, fractions from sequential partition with solvents and isolated compounds were screened against 15 Gram-positive bacteria, 3 Grain-negative bacteria and 3 yeasts, using the agar well-diffusion technique. The most activity was detected in the fraction in dichloromethane from ethanol extract of trunk bark, which was active against Gram-positive bacteria, but not against Gram-negative bacteria or fungi. Parthenolide and O-methylmoschatoline showed good and specific activity against several strains of Staphylococcus aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) varying from 100 to 25 mu g/mL. The alkaloid N-acetylxylopine exhibited moderate activity against Candida albicans (MIC = 250 mu g/mL). This is the first report of liriodenine, lanuginosine, dicentrinone and O-methylmoschatoline in T. ovata.28227027

Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Content of four Myrtaceae Plants of the South of Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Antioxidant compounds can be useful to prevent several degenerative diseases or as preservative in food and toiletries. Species of the Myrtaceae family are able to accumulate phenolic substances and those are closely related to the antioxidant activity due to their capacity to scavenge free radicals, protect against lipid peroxidation and quench reactive oxygen species. These facts prompted us to investigate the antioxidant capacity of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of four Myrtaceae plants collected of the south of Brazil: Eugenia chlorophylla O. Berg., Eugenia pyriformis Cambess, Myrcia laruotteana Cambess and Myrcia obtecta (Berg) Kiacrsk. The antioxidant potential was performed using the DPPH (a single electron transfer reaction based assay) and ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity, a hydrogen atom transfer reaction based assay) assays. Moreover, the total soluble phenolic content was also measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. A preliminary evaluation of the ethanolic extracts of these Myrtaceae plants revealed high levels of phenolic compounds (343.7-429.3 mg GAE) as well as high antioxidant activity according to both methods (1338 a 3785 mu mol of TE/g of extract in ORAC and SC(50) in the range of 1.70 and 33.7 mu g/mL in the DPPH). The highest antioxidant activity obtained by DPPH assay was exhibited by ethanol extract of the leaves of E. pyriformis (1.70 mu g/mL), followed by extracts of M laruotteana (3.38 mu g/mL) and M. obtecta (6.66 mu g/mL). In comparison with controls, in the DPPH assay, the extract of E. pyriformis was more active than trolox (SC(50) = 2.55 mu g/mL), while the extracts of M. laruotteana and M. obtecta were more actives than quercetin (SC(50) = 7.80 ug/mL). In the ORAC assay, all species also show good antioxidant capacity (> 1000 mu mol of TE/g). Initial HPLC-UV/DAD and ESI-MS confirmed the presence of phenolic acids constituents in the ethanol extracts. The results indicate the presence of compounds possessing promising antioxidant/free-radical scavenging activity in the analyzed extracts of Myrcia and Eugenia plants of the south of Brazil.67SI977982Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAEPEX-UNICAMPFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of Essential Oil from Myrcia laruotteana Fruits

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)The essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation from unripe fruits of Myrcia laruotteana Camb. (Myrtaceae) was analyzed by GC and CG/MS. Forty-four components were identified, representing around 83% of total oil. The major components were a-bisabolol (23.6%) and a-bisabolol oxide B (11.5%). The cytotoxicity of the oil and of a fraction rich in a-bisabolol was tested in vitro against U251 (glioma), UACC-62 (melanoma), MCF-7 (breast), NC1-ADR/RES (ovarian-resistant), 786.0 (kidney), NCI-H460 (lung), PC-3 (prostate), OVCAR-3 (ovarian), HT-29 (colon) and K562 (leukemia) human cancer cells and against VERO (no cancer cell). The oil exhibited antiproliferative activity against all cell lines (TGI 125 mu g/mL). The highest activity of the oil was observed against U251 (TGI 20.46 mu g/mL), 786.0 (TGI 20.74 mu g/mL), UACC-62 (TGI 26.98 mu g/mL) and PC-3 (TGI 27.63 mu g/mL) cell lines. The fraction rich in alpha-bisabol showed a similar activity profile. It was most active against OVCAR-3 (TGI 8.58 mu g/mL) and 786.0 (TGI 8.74 mu g/mL).235SI710Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Essential Oil from the Leaves of Campomanesia guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk. (Myrtaceae): Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)The essential oil from the leaves of Campomanesia guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk., obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Sixteen compounds could be identified, representing around 94% of the total oil. The major components were myrtenal (27.0%), myrtenol (24.7%) and trans-pinocarveol (15.7%). The essential oil was also evaluated for DPPH radical-scavenging activity by TLC autographic assay, antioxidant capacity by ORAC-FL assay and antiproliferative activity against leukemic cells lines.235SI3437Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAEPEX-UNICAMPFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Leucotrichoic acid, a novel sesquiterpene from Sinningia leucotricha (Gesneriaceae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Chemical investigation of Sinningia leucotricha (Gesneriaceae) resulted in the isolation of leucotrichoic acid, a sesquiterpene with a novel triquinane skeleton, and the known triterpenes hederagenin and 23-hydroxyursolic acid. The chemical structures of all compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis (NMR and MS). The conformational stability of the new compound was analyzed by density theory functional methods. A possible biogenesis for the new compound is proposed. Leucotrichoic acid was inactive against a panel of human cancer cell lines. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.543547354737Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)CNPq [462392/2011-5

Chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of the essential oil from the leaves of Casearia lasiophylla

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh leaves of Casearia lasiophylla Eichler, Salicaceae, was analyzed by gas capillary (GC/FID and GC/MS). The cytotoxicity of the leaves essential oil was tested in vitro against U251 (glioma), UACC-62 (melanoma), MCF-7 (breast), NC1-ADR/RES (ovarian-resistant), NCI-H460 (lung), PC03 (prostate), OVCAR-3 (ovarian), HT-29 (colon) and K562 (leukemia) human cancer cells and against VERO (no cancer cell). The yield of oil was 0.02%. Fifty two compounds were identified, representing 87.1% of the total of the oil. The main components were identified as germacrene D (18.6%), beta-caryophyllene (14.7%), delta-cadinene (6.2%), and alpha-cadinol (5.4%). The oil exhibited antiproliferative activity against all cell lines (TGI<100 mu g/mL), with exception of NCI-H460 cell line (TGI 191.31. mu g/mL). The highest activity was observed against UACC-62 (TGI 7.30 mu g/mL), and K562 (TGI 7.56 mu g/mL) cell lines. The observed activity could be related to high content of germacrene D and. beta-caryophyllene, compounds known as cytotoxic.215864868Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAEPEX-UNICAMPConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Lactones and Quinones from the Tubers of Sinningia aggregata

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Three new aromatic epsilon-lactones, aggregatins A (1), B (2), and C (3), a new naphthoquinone derivative, aggregatin (4), and three known anthraquinones, 2-methylanthraquinone, 7-methoxy-2-methylanthraquinone, and 7-hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone, were isolated from the tubers of Sinningia aggregata (Gesneriaceae). Compounds 1 and 4 and the anthraquinones showed marginal antimicrobial activity.73814341437Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES