Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cell

<p>In a short period, Perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology gained high efficiency and broad attention because of its key enabling physical and morphological features. One of the main obstacles to the PSC industrialization and commercialization deals with the demonstration of stable devices by adopting low-cost and reliable materials and fabrication methods. In the n-i-p structure, the organic hole-transporting layer and the metal counter-electrodes are the main causes of instability and high cost. Here, we substituted these two elements with a low-temperature and low-cost carbon-based counter electrode.</p&gt

Extraction socket preservation using porcine-derived collagen membrane alone or associated with porcine-derived bone. Clinical results of randomized controlled study

The aim of present randomized controlled clinical trial was to clinically evaluate hard tissue changes after extraction socket preservation procedures compared to natural spontaneous healing

Histologic evaluation of bone healing of adjacent alveolar sockets grafted with bovine- and porcine-derived bone: a comparative case report in humans

To evaluate and compare histomorphometrically the bone response to two xenografts, one bovine and the other porcine, grafted in adjacent extraction sockets in a human. In this case report, two adjacent maxillary premolars were extracted, and the sockets were filled with two different xenogeneic bone substitutes (first premolar with bovine bone, and second premolar with porcine bone) to counteract post-extraction volume loss. Following 6 months bone core specimens were harvested during the placement of implants at the regenerated sites. Histomorphometrically, for the bovine xenograft the percentage of newly formed bone (osteoid) was 26.85%, the percentage of the residual graft material was 17.2% and the percentage of connective tissue 48.73%, while for the porcine xenograft, newly formed bone (osteoid) represented 32.19%, residual graft material was 6.57% and non-mineralized connective tissue was 52.99%. Histological results indicated that both biomaterials assessed in this study as grafts for socket preservation technique are biocompatible and osteoconductive. Bovine bone derived demonstrated to be less resorbable than porcine bone derived. Both xenogenic biomaterials did not interfere with the normal bone reparative processe

Clinical, radiographic, and histologic evaluation of maxillary sinus lift procedure using a highly purified xenogenic graft (Laddec(®))

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, radiographic and histologic results when a highly purified xenogenic bone (Laddec(®)) was used as grafting material in maxillary sinuses

Bone healing in extraction sockets covered with collagen membrane alone or associated with porcine-derived bone graft: a comparative histological and histomorphometric analysis

The present paper reports data of a randomized study aimed to analyse and compare the histologic and histomorphometric aspects of bone healing in extraction sites covered with collagen membrane alone or associated with porcine-derived bone graft

Process Engineering for Low-Temperature Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Modules

<p>In less than a decade, Perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology has gained high efficiency and broad attention because of its key enabling physical and morphological features. One of the main obstacles to PSC industrialization and commercialization is managed with the demonstration of stable devices by adopting low-cost, reliable materials and fabrication process methods. Here, we report a Perovskite solar module based on a low-temperature carbon electrode. The full process was performed in ambient air and engineered by printing techniques.</p&gt

Navigated Antral Bone Expansion (NABE): a prospective study on 35 patients with 4 months of follow-up post implant loading

The insertion of dental implants in the atrophic posterior maxilla can be a challenge. One option is to modify the residual native bone in preparation for proper, prosthetically-driven implant placement. The procedure presented in this study is called Navigated Antral Bone Expansion (N.A.B.E). This procedure employs the use of a navigation system to plan and guide the initial pilot drilling, bone expansion, final site preparation, and implant insertion. The aim of this study was to compare the distance between the alveolar ridge and the sinus floor measured before and after the surgery performed using the N.A.B.E.Methods: Thirty-seven partially edentulous patients who were candidates for implant supported restoration in the posterior maxilla, with a bone height ranging from 4 to 7 mm were enrolled. The N.A.B.E procedure was used to increase the bone height. Paired-samples t-test evaluated the distance between the alveolar ridge and the sinus floor measured before and after surgery. The occurrence of post-surgical complications, and the angular deviation between the planned osteotomy and the actual placed implant trajectories were evaluated. Results: Out of the 37 consecutive patients enrolled in the study, 35 were considered in the data analyses. Patients' bone height after surgery compared to the bone height before surgery showed a statistically significant increase (p < .0005) of 3.96 mm (95% CI, 3.62 mm to 4.30 mm). No post-operative complications were observed in the 35 patients. The mean angular deviation between the planned osteotomy trajectory and the placed implant trajectory ranged between 12.700 to 34.900 (mean 25.170 ± 5.100). Conclusions: This study provides evidence that N.A.B.E. technique is able to provide a significant bone increase, and could be considered an alternative method to the management of the atrophic posterior maxilla with a minimally invasive approach

Comparative life cycle assessment of different fabrication processes for perovskite solar mini-modules

Sustainable energy production is one of the major goals for society to address climate change, with the aim of reducing fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gases emissions. One of the main alternatives to burning fossil fuels is solar energy conversion; therefore, scientific research has moved towards the development of photovoltaic devices that are able to harvest solar radiation and convert it into electric energy, such as perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Several production processes for PSCs exist, differing in the deposition technique of PSCs layers as well as energy and material consumption. One of the main challenges is then to minimize the environmental impact of PSC manufacturing, which can be assessed through Life Cycle Assessment. The aim of this work is to evaluate and compare the eco-profiles of four different PSC production line at mini-module scale, namely, Spin Coating, Blade Coating, Spin Coating + Press and Blade Coating in Glovebox. Results disfavour the latter manufacturing route, showing that its burden is higher than the alternatives. Differently, the Blade Coating process results to be the one having the lowest environmental impact among the proposed solutions, whereas Spin Coating and Spin Coating + Press lines show almost the similar intermediate result