Nerve damage induced skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with increased accumulation of intramuscular glucose and polyol pathway intermediates

Perturbations in skeletal muscle metabolism have been reported for a variety of neuromuscular diseases. However, the role of metabolism after constriction injury to a nerve and the associated muscle atrophy is unclear. We have analyzed rat tibialis anterior (TA) four weeks after unilateral constriction injury to the sciatic nerve (DMG) and in the contralateral control leg (CTRL) (n = 7) to investigate changes of the metabolome, immunohistochemistry and protein levels. Untargeted metabolomics identified 79 polar metabolites, 27 of which were significantly altered in DMG compared to CTRL. Glucose concentrations were increased 2.6-fold in DMG, while glucose 6-phosphate (G6-P) was unchanged. Intermediates of the polyol pathway were increased in DMG, particularly fructose (1.7-fold). GLUT4 localization was scattered as opposed to clearly at the sarcolemma. Despite the altered localization, we found GLUT4 protein levels to be increased 7.8-fold while GLUT1 was decreased 1.7-fold in nerve damaged TA. PFK1 and GS levels were both decreased 2.1-fold, indicating an inability of glycolysis and glycogen synthesis to process glucose at sufficient rates. In conclusion, chronic nerve constriction causes increased GLUT4 levels in conjunction with decreased glycolytic activity and glycogen storage in skeletal muscle, resulting in accumulation of intramuscular glucose and polyol pathway intermediates

An initial investigation of solving RANS equations in combination with two-equation turbulence models

Im Kontext der Reynolds gemittelten Navier-Stokes Gleichungen werden verschiedene Zwei-Gleichungsturbulenzmodelle vorgestellt und Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, diese auf Rechennetzen gemischter Art zu diskretisieren und die resultierenden Gleichungssysteme zu lösen. Das Potential der vorgeschlagenen Verfahren wird diskutiert und bewertet

Proposal for molecular tools for the epidemiology of contagious bovine pleuro pneumonia and classification of unknown mycplasma sp. isolated from struthio camelus

Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden zehn Stämme der Art Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC vergleichend auf die genomischen Polymorphismen untersucht, um basierend darauf gegebenenfalls spezifische PCRs zum Nachweis einzelner Stämme zu entwickeln. Im Laufe der Untersuchungen zeigte sich, dass Mycoplama mycoides subsp. mycoides SC Stämme nur geringe genomische Heterogenität aufwiesen. Es gelang zwei spezifische Primer zu designen, welche jeweils spezifisch für die Stämme Mara und Asmara waren. Diese konnten in Kombination mit bereits vorhandenen diskriminierenden Primern (VNTR4) eingesetzt werden. Somit könnte der Stamm Mara sowie Asmara von anderen Stämmen, welche dasselbe VNTR4 Produkt liefern, unterschieden werden. Weiters wurden Isolate bisher nicht klassifizierter Mykoplasmen untersucht und aufgrund der erhaltenen Ergebnisse 2 neue Mykoplasmenarten beschrieben

Proposal of \u3cem\u3eVibrionimonas magnilacihabitans\u3c/em\u3e gen. nov., sp. nov., a Curved Gram Negative Bacterium Isolated From Lake Michigan Water

A mesophilic bacterium appearing as curved rod-shaped cells was isolated from Lake Michigan water. It exhibited highest similarities with Sediminibacterium ginsengisoli DCY13T (94.4 %); Sediminibacterium salmoneum NJ-44T (93.6 %) and Hydrotalea flava CCUG 51397 T (93.1 %) while similarities with other recognized species were sym-homospermidine was the primary polyamine. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1G, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, with moderate amounts of iso-C16 : 0. The presence of glycolipids differentiated the novel strains from related genera. The DNA mol% G+C content of the type strain MU-2T was 45.2. Results for other phenotypic and molecular analyses indicated that strain MU-2T is a representative of a novel genus and species for which the name Vibrionimonas magnilacihabitans is proposed. The type strain is MU-2T ( = NRRL B-59231 = DSM 22423)