MOESM1 of The impact of species and cell type on the nanosafety profile of iron oxide nanoparticles in neural cells

Additional file 1. Full methodology on the synthesis and NP-cell interaction studies as well as and additional characterization data on the different NPs

Highly Versatile Approach for Preparing Functional Hybrid Multisegmented Nanotubes and Nanowires

The membrane-templating method was successfully combined with electrodeposition and layer-by-layer assembly to create various multisegmented nanostructures composed of metal, polymers, synthetic and biological polyelectrolytes, and colloids. The electrochemical approach offers the control over the architectural parameters of the resulting structures (in particular the segment length and morphology), whereas the LbL adsorption technique permits to integrate nonconducting materials, including biomacromolecules, within the nanostructures. A supplementary degree of complexity can be reached by capping or loading the LbL nanotubes with colloidal particles. The ability to easily generate such hybrid anisotropic nanoparticles with spatially resolved chemical, physical, and biochemical functionalities is a boon for the synthesis of nanostructures, which is of tremendous importance for electronic, sensing, drug delivery, and modern biomedical and biotechnological applications

Cytotoxic Effects of Gold Nanoparticles: A Multiparametric Study

The <i>in vitro</i> labeling of therapeutic cells with nanoparticles (NPs) is becoming more and more common, but concerns about the possible effects of the NPs on the cultured cells are also increasing. In the present work, we evaluate the effects of poly(methacrylic acid)-coated 4 nm diameter Au NPs on a variety of sensitive and therapeutically interesting cell types (C17.2 neural progenitor cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells) using a multiparametric approach. Using various NP concentrations and incubation times, we performed a stepwise analysis of the NP effects on cell viability, reactive oxygen species, cell morphology, cytoskeleton architecture, and cell functionality. The data show that higher NP concentrations (200 nM) reduce cell viability mostly through induction of reactive oxygen species, which was significantly induced at concentrations of 50 nM Au NPs or higher. At these concentrations, both actin and tubulin cytoskeleton were deformed and resulted in reduced cell proliferation and cellular differentiation. In terms of cell functionality, the NPs significantly impeded neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells up to 20 nM concentrations. At 10 nM, no significant effects on any cellular parameter could be observed. These data highlight the importance of using multiple assays to cover the broad spectrum of cell–NP interactions and to determine safe NP concentrations and put forward the described protocol as a possible template for future cell–NP interaction studies under comparable and standardized conditions

The Middle East Legal Studies Seminar: A Brief History

Back in the fall of 1997, when the first meeting of the Middle East Legal Studies Seminar took place in New Haven, Connecticut, the second Palestinian intifada was still three years away. The now infamous Camp David summit at which Yasir Arafat and Ehud Barak would fail to reach a final territorial settlement lay in the distant future. Hafiz al-Assad still ruled Syria. The five-year interim period announced by the Oslo Peace Accord was three years old. In 1995, Shimon Peres, Yitzhak Rabin, and Arafat had shared the Nobel Peace Prize; that same year, Israel and Jordan, then still ruled by King Hussein, had signed a peace treaty that marked the Arab state\u27s historic recognition of its Jewish neighbor. In other words, optimism was in the air

Visualization 5: Microfabricated devices for single objective single plane illumination microscopy (SoSPIM)

Contrast LSM polymer sample holder C: 500 nM Cy5 Originally published in Optics Express on 06 February 2017 (oe-25-3-1732

Visualization 10: Microfabricated devices for single objective single plane illumination microscopy (SoSPIM)

Spheroids imaged with epi-fluorescence illumination Originally published in Optics Express on 06 February 2017 (oe-25-3-1732