Diplomasi Indonesia terhadap Unesco dalam Meresmikan Subak sebagai Warisan Budaya Dunia

This research is about Indonesia diplomacy effort to UNESCO to inaugurate Subak in Bali as a world cultural heritage from Indonesia in 2012. Subak Bali is a cultural heritage, it is an irrigation system that regulates the division of water management based on the mindset of harmony and togetherness, it based on formal rules and religious values. Many claims by other countries that take Indonesian culture, such as batik claiming by Malaysia, its make Indonesian government ask to UNESCO to recognize Subak as Indonesian culture. Many participants help the government to get the legally, its come from local community and also the government. Subak get legally as a Indonesia heritage culture after 10 years by some process like selection, filtration and fit and proper test. This research applies realist perspective, where it focuses on state as the main actor in international politics. Indonesia wants show to the world that Indonesia also has a heritage culture. To explain this research, the author used theory of diplomacy. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. It uses the library method by taking the data from books, journals, articles, internet and other source. The author visit Department Cultural of Bali to direct research. This research applies realist perspective, where it focuses on state as the main actor in international politics. Indonesia wants show to the world that Indonesia also has a heritage culture. To explain this research, the author used theory of diplomacy. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. It uses the library method by taking the data from books, journals, articles, internet and other source. The author visit Department Cultural of Bali to direct research. The result of this research indicate that Indonesian government did multi-track diplomacy effort to get legally Subak as a world cultural heritage of Indonesia from UNESCO on 2012. The effort get a feedback from UNESCO on Mei 2012, when the Bali Heritage culture The Cultural Landscape of Bali : Subak System as a Manifestation of The Tri Hita Karana was approved to be a World Cultural heritage. It assigned in the 36th session of UNESCO in St. Petersbug, Russia on 29 June 2012. The result of this research indicate that Indonesian government did multi-track diplomacy effort to get legally Subak as a world cultural heritage of Indonesia from UNESCO on 2012. The effort get a feedback from UNESCO on Mei 2012, when the Bali Heritage culture The Cultural Landscape of Bali : Subak System as a Manifestation of The Tri Hita Karana was approved to be a World Cultural heritage. It assigned in the 36th session of UNESCO in St. Petersbug, Russia on 29 June 2012. Keywords: subak, UNESCO, cultural heritage of Bali, multy-track diplomacy Keywords: subak, UNESCO, cultural heritage of Bali, multy-track diplomac

New Synthetic Route toward Heterometallic 3d–3d′ and 3d–4f Single-Molecule Magnets. The First Co^II–Mn^III Heterometallic Complex

Four tetranuclear heterometallic complexes, [Co^II₂Mn₂^III(dpm)₄(MeO)₆] (<b>1</b>) and [Ln^III₂­Mn^III₂­(dpm)₆­(MeO)₆(MeOH)_<i>n</i>], where Ln = Gd (<b>2</b>, <i>n</i> = 2), Tb (<b>3</b>, <i>n</i> = 2), and Dy (<b>4</b>, <i>n</i> = 0), have been obtained following the same general synthetic route, namely, the one-pot reaction between 2,2,6,6-tetrametil-3,5-heptanodione (Hdpm), MnCl₂ and CoCl₂ or Ln­(NO₃)₃ in the presence of sodium methoxide. Within the four compounds, the metal ions bridged by methoxide ligands display a defect-diheterocubane core. Compounds <b>1</b>, <b>3</b>, and <b>4</b> show slow relaxation of the magnetization below 4 K

New Synthetic Route toward Heterometallic 3d–3d′ and 3d–4f Single-Molecule Magnets. The First Co^II–Mn^III Heterometallic Complex

Four tetranuclear heterometallic complexes, [Co^II₂Mn₂^III(dpm)₄(MeO)₆] (<b>1</b>) and [Ln^III₂­Mn^III₂­(dpm)₆­(MeO)₆(MeOH)_<i>n</i>], where Ln = Gd (<b>2</b>, <i>n</i> = 2), Tb (<b>3</b>, <i>n</i> = 2), and Dy (<b>4</b>, <i>n</i> = 0), have been obtained following the same general synthetic route, namely, the one-pot reaction between 2,2,6,6-tetrametil-3,5-heptanodione (Hdpm), MnCl₂ and CoCl₂ or Ln­(NO₃)₃ in the presence of sodium methoxide. Within the four compounds, the metal ions bridged by methoxide ligands display a defect-diheterocubane core. Compounds <b>1</b>, <b>3</b>, and <b>4</b> show slow relaxation of the magnetization below 4 K

Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and EPR Studies of First Mn^IIILn^III Hetero-binuclear Complexes

A new family of binuclear complexes [Mn^III­Ln^III­(dpm)₄­(MeO)₂­(Me­OH)₂] is reported (where Ln = La^III (<b>1</b>), Pr^III (<b>2</b>), and Eu^III(<b>3</b>)). These compounds were obtained from a one-pot reaction between 2,2,6,6-tetra­meth­yl-3,5-hep­tano­dione (Hdpm), Mn^II, and the respective Ln^III salt in the presence of sodium methoxide. The derivative containing the diamagnetic ion La^III has been synthesized in order to characterize the local anisotropy of the Mn^III ion. High-field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) spectroscopy shows that the Mn^III ion, with an elongated octahedral geometry in all compounds, has a significant axial zero-field splitting and a small rhombic anisotropy. Additionally, the HFEPR measurements indicate that there is almost no exchange between the spin carriers in these compounds, all of which exhibit field-induced slow relaxation of the magnetization

New Families of Hetero-tri-spin 2p−3d−4f Complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties

In this work we report the synthesis, crystal structures, and magnetic behavior of 2p–3d–4f heterospin systems containing the nitroxide radical 4-azido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (N₃tempo). These compounds were synthesized through a one-pot reaction by using [Cu­(hfac)₂], [Ln­(hfac)₃] (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate, Ln = Dy^III, Tb^III or Gd^III), and the N₃tempo radical. Depending on the stoichiometric ratio used, the synthesis leads to penta- or trimetallic compounds, with molecular formulas [Cu₃Ln₂(hfac)₈­(OH)₄(N₃tempo)] (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy) and [CuLn₂(hfac)₈­(N₃tempo)₂(H₂O)₂] (Ln = Gd, Dy). The magnetic properties of all compounds were investigated by direct current (dc) and alternating current (ac) measurements. The ac magnetic susceptibility measurements of Tb^III- and Dy^III-containing compounds of both families revealed slow relaxation of the magnetization, with magnetic quantum tunneling in zero field

Binuclear Lanthanide-Radical Complexes Featuring Two Centers with Different Magnetic and Luminescence Properties

Binuclear complexes with general formula [Ln₂(hfac)₆­(H₂O)₂­(dppnTEMPO)] (Ln^III = Gd, Tb, and Dy) have been obtained using the paramagnetic ligand 1-piperidinyl-4-[(diphenylphosphinyl)­amino]-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl (dppnTEMPO) as a bridge. One of the lanthanide ions is ferromagnetically coupled with the TEMPO moiety. Two of the complexes (Dy and Tb) show slow relaxation of the magnetization, and the non-magneto-equivalence of the two Ln^III ions was clearly observed. The <i>ab initio</i> CASSCF calculations were employed to confirm this behavior, as well as to rationalize the Ln–Rad interaction. The simulations of the magnetic properties were allowed by the insights given by the calculations. The inequivalence of the Tb^III ions was also proved by emission spectroscopy