Investigation of the interactions between selected nanoparticles and human lung carcinoma cells at the single cell and single particle level

The recent advances in nanomaterials development and applications have sparked concerns regarding the safety of these materials in living organisms. This body of work investigates specific interactions between chosen nanoparticles and living human lung carcinoma (A549) cells --Abstract, page iv

The Immortality of the Soul in Plato\u27s Phaedo

Plato gives an account of the immortality of the soul in his dialogue, the Phaedo. The dialogue consists of three so-called arguments, followed by the final argument for the immortality of the soul. The final argument is able to stand on its own as a conclusive argument for the soul\u27s immortality. However, several key concepts, namely the Principle of Opposites and the positioning of the soul in Plato\u27s ontology, are introduced and developed in the first three arguments. My thesis contains two parts: first, I argue for an interpretation of Plato\u27s dialogue and an ontology that presents itself through the text; second, I argue that the final argument can be best understood in conjunction with a discussion of the key concepts that were introduced earlier in the dialogue

A Typology of the Income-Generating Activities of Nonprofit Organizations in Marin and Sonoma Counties

This study examines the income-generating activities of nonprofit organizations. Since the early 1980s, income-generating activities have been increasing due in part to: government funding cut-backs; encouragement from government and big business; incursion into traditional nonprofit areas by for-profit business; and, more recently, economic recession. The increase in activities has apparently cut into for-profit terrain, and small businesses in particular have reacted negatively. In the last decade the commercial income-generating activities of nonprofits have been cited by small business as a primary concern. Debates over the issue have been waged in Congress between small business advocates and nonprofit supporters. As few studies have been conducted on the impact of commercial income generating activities on for-profit business, both Congress and the IRS appear reluctant to make significant changes in legislation or tax laws. This study attempts to secure data on the prevalence, extent, and type of income-generating activities that nonprofit organizations have conducted in recent years or are planning for the future. By ascertaining the extent and prevalence of income generating activities this study may shed some light on the larger issue: whether or not the small business sector suffers a legitimate threat from the income-generating activities of nonprofit organizations. A mail survey of 200 nonprofit organizations in Marin and Sonoma counties that had annual revenues of $100,000 or more was conducted in April 1995. Results showed that income-generating activities were prevalent and generated substantial portions of the organizations\u27 bottom-line revenues. Almost 90 percent reported conducting at least one income-generating activity and on average, 38 percent of their bottom-line revenues were generated by income generating activities. Fee-for-service was listed with most frequency as the largest source of funding. Of particular interest is that an average of 22 percent of the organizations\u27 bottom-line revenues were generated by commercial income-generating activities and 72 percent of all of the income-generating activities conducted in the last five years were profitable. Although the results of the survey provide only a small part of the necessary data on the issue, the data do support the assertion that income generating activities by nonprofit organizations are prevalent and profitable, and that their impact on for-profit business warrants more investigation

Colleges and Universities: Prime Habitat for Hunter Recruitment and Retention

Hunting has played a prominent role throughout American history and continues to serve many important social, economic, and ecological functions in our society today. However, hunting participation in the United States is in a gradual state of decline. Today, less than 5% of the population hunts. In hopes of reversing these trends, many state fish and wildlife agencies, conservation organizations, and hunting and shooting sports industries have increasingly invested in new programs designed to enhance the recruitment, retention, and reactivation (R3) of new hunters from non-traditional hunting backgrounds. For example, many R3 initiatives have been designed to focus on women, youth, families, local food enthusiasts, and other demographic groups. Yet the long-term efficacy of these programs has yet to be determined. One particular population that warrants increased attention in R3 circles is young adults. College students, in particular, are a prime target because almost half of all young adults attend college, individuals are typically most likely to experiment with new leisure activities during their college years, peer support for activities like hunting is available across college campus, and the activities that many people engage in during college become part of their identity later in life. All of these reasons, plus that fact that college students are in a young adult cohort that will impact the conservation landscape for decades, mean that college students represent a potentially key group when it comes to increasing and sustaining future hunting participation rates on a national scale. Using surveys of undergraduate students at two universities (n = 594) and evaluations of R3 workshops designed specifically for college students (n = 32), this study examined the hunting-related attitudes and behaviors of college students, investigated their receptivity to R3 efforts, and explored their likelihood of becoming future hunters or hunting advocates. Roughly 41% of total students indicated that they had been hunting before compared to 47% of students who said they had never been hunting. Overall participation rates were higher amongst college students than the national average, more surprising, however, was the number of non-hunting students who were contemplating future hunting. Almost half of hunting associates said they would consider hunting in the future and roughly another third said they plan to hunt regularly. Almost half of non-hunters also said they would consider hunting, but less than 10% said they planned do so at some point. This study also demonstrates that, as hypothesized, many college students are readily receptive to R3 efforts and they are willing to attend hunting programs if those programs are offered to them. Not only is this age group receptive to recruiting efforts, but they also tend to be more diverse than some other demographic groups that R3 initiatives have targeted, particularly when it comes to females and individuals from non-hunting backgrounds. As marketing efforts for these programs expands, enthusiasm should be reinforced as hunting-related themes slowly permeate more peer-to-peer interactions on campus

Selecting a Wood-Burning Stove.

6 p

Guide for Specifying and Buying Softwood Plywood.

4 p

When Does it Pay to Burn Wood?

4 p

When Does it Pay to Burn Wood?

4 p

Painting the Exterior Wood of Your Home.

8 p

Painting the Exterior Wood of Your Home.

8 p