Running head: DECEPTIVE RESPONSES Detecting Deceit Via Analyses of Verbal and Nonverbal Behavior in Children and Adults

Abstract This experiment examined children's and undergraduates' verbal and nonverbal deceptive behavior, and the extent to which their truths and lies could be correctly classified by paying attention to these responses. A total of 196 participants (aged 5-6, 10-11, 14-15, and undergraduates

Investigative interviewing of suspects : piecing together the picture

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Love as a Political Concept: Hannah Arendt, Martha Nussbaum and Hegel's Affective Recognition

Recent developments within political thought have sought to examine the role of emotions in politics. Part of these endeavours has focused on love. This thesis is situated within such attempts which have tried to uncover love’s politicality and more specifically it examines love as a political concept in the works of Hannah Arendt, Martha Nussbaum, and G. W. F. Hegel. It is argued here that in Arendt and Nussbaum we find political notions of love that either exclude or undermine love as an intersubjective quality in politics. These take the form of love of the world or amor mundi in Arendt and patriotic love in Nussbaum. The thesis argues that this ‘repressed intersubjectivity’ of love creates problems for both Arendt and Nussbaum and at the same time deprives political thought of valuable resources in thinking about politics. In turning to Hegel, the thesis discovers a political conception of love that is grounded within thick-affective practices of recognition where love involves a response of affective solidarity toward the other. The thesis contends that in Hegel we find a radical political concept of love for a re-humanising politics. At the same time, love, as the ‘neglected corner’ of Hegelian philosophy, brings about a plastic metamorphosis from within Hegel and opens his philosophy to the future

Socioeconomic positoon and the risk of gastric and overphageal cancer in the European Prospective into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST)

Objectives To evaluate the association of socioeconomic position with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and stomach. Methods The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort comprises about 520000 participants mostly aged 35-70 years. Information on diet and lifestyle was collected at recruitment. After an average follow-up of 6.5 years, 268 cases with adenocarcinoma of the stomach and 56 of the oesophagus were confirmed. We examined the effect of socioeconomic position on cancer risk by means of educational data and a computed Relative Index of Inequality (RII). In a nested case-control study, adjustment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection was performed. Results Higher education was significantly associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer [vs lowest level of education, hazard ratio (HR): 0.64, 95% Confidence intervals (CI): 0.43-0.981. This effect was more pronounced for cancer of the cardia (HR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.20-0.89) as compared to non-cardia gastric cancer (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.36-1.22). Additionally, the inverse association of educational level and gastric cancer was stronger for cases with intestinal (extreme categories, HR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.44) rather than diffuse histological subtype (extreme categories, HR: 0.71 95% CI: 0.37-1.40). In the nested case-control study, inverse but statistically non-significant associations were found after additional adjustment for H. pylori infection [highest vs lowest level of education: Odds ratio (OR) 0.53, 95% CI: 0.24-1.18]. Educational level was non-significantly, inversely associated with carcinoma of the oesophagus. Conclusion A higher socioeconomic position was associated with a reduced risk of gastric adenocarcinoma, which was strongest for cardia cancer or intestinal histological subtype, suggesting different risk profiles according to educational level. These effects appear to be explained only partially by established risk factors

Ethanol intake and risk of lung cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)

Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), the authors examined the association of ethanol intake at recruitment (1,119 cases) and mean lifelong ethanol intake (887 cases) with lung cancer. Information on baseline and past alcohol consumption, lifetime tobacco smoking, diet, and the anthropometric characteristics of 478,590 participants was collected between 1992 and 2000. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Overall, neither ethanol intake at recruitment nor mean lifelong ethanol intake was significantly associated with lung cancer. However, moderate intake (5-14.9 g/day) at recruitment (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63, 0.90) and moderate mean lifelong intake (HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.97) were associated with a lower lung cancer risk in comparison with low consumption (0.1-4.9 g/day). Compared with low intake, a high (>= 60 g/day) mean lifelong ethanol intake tended to be related to a higher risk of lung cancer (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.93, 1.74), but high intake at recruitment was not. Although there was no overall association between ethanol intake and risk of lung cancer, the authors cannot rule out a lower risk for moderate consumption and a possibly increased risk for high lifelong consumption