144 research outputs found
The Pairing Mechanism in HTSC investigated by Electronic Raman Scattering
By means of electronic Raman scattering we investigated the symmetry of the
energy gap Delta(k), its temperature dependence and its variation with doping
of well characterized Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta single crystals. The oxygen content
delta was varied between the under- and the overdoped regime by subsequently
annealing the same single crystal in Ar and O2, respectively. The symmetry
analysis of the polarized electronic Raman scattering is consistent with a
d_x^2-y^2-wave symmetry of the energy gap in both regimes. The gap ratio
2Delta_max/k_BT_c and its temperature dependence changes with doping similar to
predictions of theories based on paramagnon coupling.Comment: 3 pages, LaTeX, 2 ps figures available on request to
[email protected]
Charge transfer fluctuation, wave superconductivity, and the Raman phonon in the Cuprates: A detailed analysis
The Raman spectrum of the phonon in the superconducting cuprate
materials is investigated theoretically in detail in both the normal and
superconducting phases, and is contrasted with that of the phonon. A
mechanism involving the charge transfer fluctuation between the two oxygen ions
in the CuO plane coupled to the crystal field perpendicular to the plane is
discussed and the resulting electron-phonon coupling is evaluated. Depending on
the symmetry of the phonon the weight of different parts of the Fermi surface
in the coupling is different. This provides the opportunity to obtain
information on the superconducting gap function at certain parts of the Fermi
surface. The lineshape of the phonon is then analyzed in detail both in the
normal and superconducting states. The Fano lineshape is calculated in the
normal state and the change of the linewidth with temperature below T is
investigated for a pairing symmetry. Excellent agreement is
obtained for the phonon lineshape in YBaCuO. These
experiments, however, can not distinguish between and a
highly anisotropic -wave pairing.Comment: Revtex, 21 pages + 4 postscript figures appended, tp
Evolution of Magnetic and Superconducting Fluctuations with Doping of High-Tc Superconductors (An electronic Raman scattering study)
For YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+\delta} and Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 superconductors, electronic
Raman scattering from high- and low-energy excitations has been studied in
relation to the hole doping level, temperature, and energy of the incident
photons. For underdoped superconductors, it is concluded that short range
antiferromagnetic (AF) correlations persist with hole doping and doped single
holes are incoherent in the AF environment. Above the superconducting (SC)
transition temperature T_c the system exhibits a sharp Raman resonance of B_1g
symmetry and about 75 meV energy and a pseudogap for electron-hole excitations
below 75 meV, a manifestation of a partially coherent state forming from doped
incoherent quasi-particles. The occupancy of the coherent state increases with
cooling until phase ordering at T_c produces a global SC state.Comment: 5 pages, 4 EPS figures; SNS'97 Proceedings to appear in J. Phys.
Chem. Solid
C-axis electronic Raman scattering in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+\delta}
We report a c-axis-polarized electronic Raman scattering study of
Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+\delta} single crystals. In the normal state, a resonant
electronic continuum extends to 1.5 eV and gains significant intensity as the
incoming photon energy increases. In the superconducting state, a coherence
2\Delta peak appears around 50 meV, with a suppression of the scattering
intensity at frequencies below the peak position. The peak energy, which is
higher than that seen with in-plane polarizations, signifies distinctly
different dynamics of quasiparticle excitations created with out-of-plane
polarization.Comment: 12 pages, REVTEX, 3 postscript figure
Relation between the superconducting gap energy and the two-magnon Raman peak energy in Bi2Sr2Ca{1-x}YxCu2O{8+\delta}
The relation between the electronic excitation and the magnetic excitation
for the superconductivity in Bi2Sr2Ca{1-x}YxCu2O{8+\delta} was investigated by
wide-energy Raman spectroscopy. In the underdoping region the B1g scattering
intensity is depleted below the two-magnon peak energy due to the "hot spots"
effects. The depleted region decreases according to the decrease of the
two-magnon peak energy, as the carrier concentration ncreases. This two-magnon
peak energy also determines the B1g superconducting gap energy as
from under to overdoping hole concentration.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
C-axis Raman spectra of a normal plane-chain bilayer cuprate and the pseudogap
We investigate the Raman spectra in the geometry where both incident and
scattered photon polarizations are parallel to the -direction, for a
plane-chain bilayer coupled via a single-particle tunneling . The
Raman vertex is derived in the tight-binding limit and in the absence of
Coulomb screening, the Raman intensity can be separated into intraband
() and interband () transitions. In the
small- limit, the interband part dominates and a pseudogap will appear
as it does in the conductivity. Coulomb interactions bring in a two-particle
coupling and result in the breakdown of intra- and interband separation.
Nevertheless, when is small, the Coulomb screening () has little effect on the intensity to which the unscreened
interband transitions contribute most. In general, the total Raman spectra are
strongly dependent on the magnitude of .Comment: 23 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Electronic Raman scattering in YBCO and other superconducting cuprates
Superconductivity induced structures in the electronic Raman spectra of
high-Tc superconductors are computed using the results of ab initio LDA-LMTO
three-dimensional band structure calculations via numerical integrations of the
mass fluctuations, either in the whole 3D Brillouin zone or limiting the
integrations to the Fermi surface. The results of both calculations are rather
similar, the Brillouin zone integration yielding additional weak structures
related to the extended van Hove singularities. Similar calculations have been
performed for the normal state of these high-Tc cuprates. Polarization
configurations have been investigated and the results have been compared to
experimental spectra. The assumption of a simple d_(x^2-y^2)-like gap function
allows us to explain a number of experimental features but is hard to reconcile
with the relative positions of the A1g and B1g peaks.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX (RevTeX), 5 PostScript figures, uses multicol.sty,
submitted to PR
Nonmonotonic d_{x^2-y^2} Superconducting Order Parameter in Nd_{2-x}Ce_xCuO_4
Low energy polarized electronic Raman scattering of the electron doped
superconductor Nd_1.85Ce_0.15CuO_4 (T_c=22 K) has revealed a nonmonotonic
d_{x^2-y^2} superconducting order parameter. It has a maximum gap of 4.4 k_BT_c
at Fermi surface intersections with antiferromagnetic Brillouin zone (the ``hot
spots'') and a smaller gap of 3.3 k_BT_c at fermionic Brillouin zone
boundaries. The gap enhancement in the vicinity of the ``hot spots'' emphasizes
role of antiferromagnetic fluctuations and similarity in the origin of
superconductivity for electron- and hole-doped cuprates.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Kartezio: Evolutionary Design of Explainable Pipelines for Biomedical Image Analysis
An unresolved issue in contemporary biomedicine is the overwhelming number
and diversity of complex images that require annotation, analysis and
interpretation. Recent advances in Deep Learning have revolutionized the field
of computer vision, creating algorithms that compete with human experts in
image segmentation tasks. Crucially however, these frameworks require large
human-annotated datasets for training and the resulting models are difficult to
interpret. In this study, we introduce Kartezio, a modular Cartesian Genetic
Programming based computational strategy that generates transparent and easily
interpretable image processing pipelines by iteratively assembling and
parameterizing computer vision functions. The pipelines thus generated exhibit
comparable precision to state-of-the-art Deep Learning approaches on instance
segmentation tasks, while requiring drastically smaller training datasets, a
feature which confers tremendous flexibility, speed, and functionality to this
approach. We also deployed Kartezio to solve semantic and instance segmentation
problems in four real-world Use Cases, and showcase its utility in imaging
contexts ranging from high-resolution microscopy to clinical pathology. By
successfully implementing Kartezio on a portfolio of images ranging from
subcellular structures to tumoral tissue, we demonstrated the flexibility,
robustness and practical utility of this fully explicable evolutionary designer
for semantic and instance segmentation.Comment: 36 pages, 6 main Figures. The Extended Data Movie is available at the
following link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r74gdzb6hdA. The source code
is available on Github: https://github.com/KevinCortacero/Kartezi
Interplay of structural and electronic phase separation in single crystalline La(2)CuO(4.05) studied by neutron and Raman scattering
We report a neutron and Raman scattering study of a single-crystal of
La(2)CuO(4.05) prepared by high temperature electrochemical oxidation. Elastic
neutron scattering measurements show the presence of two phases, corresponding
to the two edges of the first miscibility gap, all the way up to 300 K. An
additional oxygen redistribution, driven by electronic energies, is identified
at 250 K in Raman scattering (RS) experiments by the simultaneous onset of
two-phonon and two-magnon scattering, which are fingerprints of the insulating
phase. Elastic neutron scattering measurements show directly an
antiferromagnetic ordering below a N\'eel temperature of T_N =210K. The opening
of the superconducting gap manifests itself as a redistribution of electronic
Raman scattering below the superconducting transition temperature, T_c = 24K. A
pronounced temperature-dependent suppression of the intensity of the (100)
magnetic Bragg peak has been detected below T_c. We ascribe this phenomenon to
a change of relative volume fraction of superconducting and antiferromagnetic
phases with decreasing temperature caused by a form of a superconducting
proximity effect.Comment: 9 pages, including 9 eps figures, submitted to PR
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