4 research outputs found
First-light LBT nulling interferometric observations: warm exozodiacal dust resolved within a few AU of eta Corvi
We report on the first nulling interferometric observations with the Large
Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI), resolving the N' band (9.81 - 12.41
um) emission around the nearby main-sequence star eta Crv (F2V, 1-2 Gyr). The
measured source null depth amounts to 4.40% +/- 0.35% over a field-of-view of
140 mas in radius (~2.6\,AU at the distance of eta Corvi) and shows no
significant variation over 35{\deg} of sky rotation. This relatively low null
is unexpected given the total disk to star flux ratio measured by Spitzer/IRS
(~23% across the N' band), suggesting that a significant fraction of the dust
lies within the central nulled response of the LBTI (79 mas or 1.4 AU).
Modeling of the warm disk shows that it cannot resemble a scaled version of the
Solar zodiacal cloud, unless it is almost perpendicular to the outer disk
imaged by Herschel. It is more likely that the inner and outer disks are
coplanar and the warm dust is located at a distance of 0.5-1.0 AU,
significantly closer than previously predicted by models of the IRS spectrum
(~3 AU). The predicted disk sizes can be reconciled if the warm disk is not
centrosymmetric, or if the dust particles are dominated by very small grains.
Both possibilities hint that a recent collision has produced much of the dust.
Finally, we discuss the implications for the presence of dust at the distance
where the insolation is the same as Earth's (2.3 AU).Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Nulling Data Reduction and On-Sky Performance of the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer
The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI) is a versatile instrument designed for high angular resolution and high-contrast infrared imaging (1.5-13 μm). In this paper, we focus on the mid-infrared (8-13 μm) nulling mode and present its theory of operation, data reduction, and on-sky performance as of the end of the commissioning phase in 2015 March. With an interferometric baseline of 14.4 m, the LBTI nuller is specifically tuned to resolve the habitable zone of nearby main-sequence stars, where warm exozodiacal dust emission peaks. Measuring the exozodi luminosity function of nearby main-sequence stars is a key milestone to prepare for future exo-Earth direct imaging instruments. Thanks to recent progress in wavefront control and phase stabilization, as well as in data reduction techniques, the LBTI demonstrated in 2015 February a calibrated null accuracy of 0.05% over a 3 hr long observing sequence on the bright nearby A3V star β Leo. This is equivalent to an exozodiacal disk density of 15-30 zodi for a Sun-like star located at 10 pc, depending on the adopted disk model. This result sets a new record for high-contrast mid-infrared interferometric imaging and opens a new window on the study of planetary systems.The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration as part of its Exoplanet Exploration Program. The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy, and Germany. LBT Corporation partners are: The University of Arizona on behalf of the Arizona university system; Instituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Italy; LBT Beteiligungsgesellschaft, Germany, representing the Max-Planck Society, the Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, and Heidelberg University; The Ohio State University, and The Research Corporation, on behalf of The University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota and University of Virginia. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. M.W. and G.K. acknowledge the support of the European Union through ERC grant number 279973