Longtintudinal asscociations of experience of adversity and socioeconomic disadvantage during childhood with labour force participation and exit in later adulthood

The Extending Working Lives (EWL) agenda seeks to sustain employment up to and beyond traditional retirement ages. This study examined the potential role of childhood factors in shaping labour force participation and exit among older adults, with a view to informing proactive interventions early in the life-course to enhance individuals’ future capacity for extending their working lives. Childhood adversity and socioeconomic disadvantage have previously been linked to ill-health across the life-span and sickness benefit in early adulthood. This study builds upon previous research by examining associations between childhood adversity and self-reported labour force participation among older adults (aged 55). Data was from the National Child Development Study – a prospective cohort of all English, Scottish, & Welsh births in one week in 1958. There was evidence for associations between childhood adversity and increased risk of permanent sickness at 55 years – which were largely sustained after adjustment for educational disengagement and adulthood factors (mental/physical health, qualifications, socioeconomic disadvantage). Specifically, children who were abused or neglected were more likely to be permanently sick at 55 years. In addition, among males, those in care, those experiencing illness in the home, and those experiencing two or more childhood adversities were more likely to be permanently sick at 55 years. Childhood factors were also associated with part-time employment and retirement at 55 years. Severe childhood adversities may represent important distal predictors of labour force exit at 55 years, particularly via permanent sickness. Notably, some adversities show associations among males only, which may inform interventions designed to extend working lives

POSSIBLE USE OF OCCAM AND TRANSPUTERS IN P.S.D. DATA TREATMENT

L'utilisation du nouveau langage OCCAM pour les processus en parallèle et le microprocesseur associé, le transputer, donne au programmeur une liberté inhabituelle. Il n'est plus restreint par l'imposition d'un ordinateur donné et son système de contrôle, et peut écrire le programme exactement comme il le veut. En le faisant, il commence en même temps à définir le "hardware" et ses interconnections.The use of the new parallel programming language OCCAM, and the closely associated transputer, gives an unprecedented freedom to the programmer. No longer restricted by an imposed computer and operating system, he can write the program as he would like it to be, and in doing this, he begins to define the required hardware and its interconnections

The C-terminus of eRF1 defines a functionally important domain for translation termination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Translation termination in eukaryotes is mediated by two release factors, eRF1 and eRF3, which interact to form a heterodimer that mediates termination at all three stop codons, By C-terminal deletion analysis of eRF1 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we show that the extreme C-terminus of this 437-amino-acid protein defines a functionally important domain for translation termination. A strain encoding eRF1 lacking the C-terminal 32 amino acids is not viable, whereas deletion of the C-terminal 19 amino acids is viable but shows a termination defect in vivo causing an enhancement of nonsense suppression, Using a combination of two-hybrid analysis and in vitro binding studies, we demonstrate that deletions encompassing the C-terminus of eRF1 cause a significant reduction in eRF3 binding to eRF1, All of the C-terminally truncated eRF1 still bind the ribosome, suggesting that the C-terminus does not constitute a ribosome-binding domain and eRF1 does not need to form a stable complex with eRF3 in order to bind the ribosome, These data, together with previously published data, suggest that the region between amino acids 411 and 418 of yeast eRF1 defines an essential functional domain that is part of the major site of interaction with eRF3, However, a stable eRF1:eRF3 complex does not have to be formed to maintain viability or efficient translation termination. Alignment of the seven known eukaryotic eRF1 sequences indicates that a highly conserved motif, GFGGIGG/A is present within the region of the C-terminus, although our deletion studies suggest that it is sequences C-terminal to this region that are functionally important