Effect of fatty Amazon fish consumption on lipid metabolism

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding diets enriched with fatty fish from the Amazon basin on lipid metabolism. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control group treated with commercial chow; Mapará group was fed diet enriched with Hypophthalmus edentatus; Matrinxã group was fed diet enriched with Brycon spp.; and, Tambaqui group was fed diet enriched with Colossoma macropomum. Rats with approximately 240g±0.60 of body weight were fed ad libitum for 30 days, and then were sacrificed for collection of whole blood and tissues. RESULTS: The groups treated with enriched diets showed a significant reduction in body mass and lipogenesis in the epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissues and carcass when compared with the control group. However, lipogenesis in the liver showed an increase in Matrinxã group compared with the others groups. The levels of serum triglycerides in the treated groups with Amazonian fish were significantly lower than those of the control group. Moreover, total cholesterol concentration only decreased in the group Matrinxã. High Density Lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly in the Mapará and Tambaqui compared with control group and Matrinxã group. The insulin and leptin levels increased significantly in all treatment groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that diets enriched with fatty fish from the Amazon basin changed the lipid metabolism by reducing serum triglycerides and increasing high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in rats fed with diets enriched with Mapará, Matrinxã, and Tambaqui

Utilização da multimistura durante a lactação e seus efeitos na produção e composição do leite materno de ratas Use of multimixture during lactation and its effects on production and composition of rat milk

A multimistura, composta por farelos, pós de folhas verdes, pós de sementes e pó da casca de ovo, vem sendo amplamente recomendada para aumentar a produção de leite materno, porém sem bases científicas que confirmem sua eficácia. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o desempenho lactacional de ratas alimentadas com dieta suplementada com 2% de multimistura (MM). Foram utilizados ratos fêmeas da linhagem Wistar lactantes com idade entre 90 e 100 dias de vida, divididos nos seguintes grupos (n=12): a) à base da dieta habitual do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (HERJ); b) dieta HERJ suplementada com 2% de multimistura (HERJ+MM); c) à base de caseína, com 12% de proteínas (CAS1); d) à base de caseína, com 20% de proteínas (CAS2). Foram determinados os macronutrientes proteína, lactose e lipídios e a produção de leite. O grupo HERJ+MM apresentou a menor produção de leite (p<0,05) e o menor conteúdo de lactose, quando comparado com os outros. Portanto, conclui-se que a performance lactacional das ratas cuja ração foi suplementada com 2% de multimistura apresentou-se diminuída.<br>The addition of multimixture, composed of bran, green leaves powder, seeds powder and eggshell powder, to the population's diet has been encouraged in Brazil, as a means to increase the production of breast milk, although without scientific bases that confirm its efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lactation performance of rats receiving ad libitum diet supplemented with 2% of multimixture (MM). Female Wistar-lactating rats of 90 to 100 days of age were divided into the following groups (n=12): a) fed the typical diet of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (HERJ); b) HERJ diet supplemented with 2% of multimixture (HERJ+MM); c) casein diet, with 12% of proteins (CAS1); d) casein diet, with 20% of proteins (CAS2). Lipid, lactose and protein concentrations and milk production were determined. The HERJ+MM group presented significantly lower milk production (p<0.05) and lower lactose content. In conclusion, there was a decrease in the lactation performance of rats which received diet supplemented with 2% of multimixture