Образное осмысление движения в русском языке (на материале глаголов движения в русских народных говорах)

На диалектном материале исследуется семантика глаголов, обозначающих поступательное, колебательное и вращательное движение, и выявляются параметры, по которым происходит создание метафорических образов данных типов движения

The design of education in 'Manufacturing Quality Management' to enable quantifiable industrial improvements by students

Degree apprentices (DAs) undertake an exciting, alternative route to academic qualifications, combining real employment with University study. Here, we discuss their education in ‘Quality Improvement’ at WMG, focusing on the development of statistical expertise in Year 2 of their programme to procure real improvements in manufacturing and service operations. We show how the preparation for these in Year 1 and the further extension of these in Year 3, interleaved with work-based projects, ensure that DAs can make a significant impact during their apprenticeships. This provides a rapid return on investment for employers, and recognition and faster career progression for DAs

Sustainable Approaches to the Management of Innovation and Technology in Engineering (SAMITE II)

Engineering gives rise to some of the most vibrant and fast-paced industries in the world; yet, these industries and innovations can exact a heavy price, impacting people and the planet in the procurement of profits. Growing awareness of environmental issues and concerns over the cumulative environmental impact of extraction, manufacturing and transport have provoked increasing demands for accountability and responsibility; there is a groundswell of opinion that industries must be more transparent. The innovation of new, more sustainable practices cannot be done in isolation: practitioners must work with other professionals, if the needs of all stakeholders are to be respected and embraced. To address contemporary challenges and create a more sustainable world, graduates must know whom to speak with, why and about what. As a key step towards this, we present a framework to provide a holistic perspective on the intersections of the various value chains that obtain in engineering, manufacturing and product development; this framework makes explicit the many paths through which products and services are created and developed, through what we term ‘innovation trajectories’; and the (artificial and natural) contexts from which these draw; this in turn helps to identify key partners from professions and stakeholder groups. Knowing whom one needs to engage with and why directly supports softer skills that are an essential foundation of an effective professional engineering practice. Thus, we also consider this framework a useful mechanism to inform the discussion around employability and professional competence

Frequency response of a TeO{sub 2} slow shear wave acousto-optic cell exposed to radiation

Radiation testing of photonic components is not new, however component level testing to date has not completely addressed quantities which are important to system behavior. One characteristic that is of particular importance for optical processing systems is the frequency response. In this paper, the authors present the results of the analysis of data from an experiment designed to provide a preliminary understanding of the effects of radiation on the frequency response of acousto-optic devices. The goal is to present possible physical mechanisms responsible for the radiation effects and to discuss the effects on signal processing functionality. The experiment discussed in this paper was designed by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and performed by SNL and Phillips Laboratory (PL) personnel at White Sands Missile Range (WSMR). In the experiment, a TeO{sub 2} slow shear-wave acousto-optic cell was exposed to radiation from the WSMR linear accelerator. The TeO{sub 2} cell was placed in an experimental configuration which allowed swept frequency diffracted power measurements to be taken during radiation exposure and recovery. A series of exposures was performed. Each exposure consisted of between 1 to 800, 1 {mu}sec radiation pulses (yielding exposures of 2.25 kRad(Si) to 913 kRad(Si)), followed by recovery time. At low total and cumulative doses, the bandshape of the frequency response (i.e. diffracted power vs. frequency) remained almost identical during and after radiation. At the higher exposures, however, the amplitude and width of the frequency response changed as the radiation continued, but returned to the original shape slowly after the radiation stopped and recovery proceeded. It is interesting to note that the location of the Bragg degeneracy does not change significantly with radiation. In this paper, the authors discuss these effects, and they discuss the effect on the signal processing functionality

An exploration of the use of infant observation methods to research the identities of severely learning disabled adolescents and to enhance relationship-based practice for professional social work practice

This paper considers how infant observation methods may be adapted to explore and research the identities of severely learning disabled adolescents, a group of young people whose experiences are poorly represented in the literature. Through focusing on emotion and relationship, this ‘practice-near’ research method also offers a way for social workers to develop their reflective capacity in relation to the often hidden, uncomfortable emotions aroused by experiencing impairment and difference, but without the defences usually involved in assuming the professional role. The importance of taking time to get on a disabled child’s ‘wavelength’ is illustrated through extracts from the research which show how a young person’s agency and identity can be appreciated. The method also has the potential to develop social workers’ awareness of the powerful undercurrent of emotions apparent at times within families of severely disabled young people and tentative suggestions are made about the projective processes and hidden hostilities at work within one of the families observed as part of the research project. Professionals may be able to use this knowledge to become resilient and reflective practitioners and the observation method itself has something to offer by way of a containing experience for families

Ensembl 2005

The Ensembl (http://www.ensembl.org/) project provides a comprehensive and integrated source of annotation of large genome sequences. Over the last year the number of genomes available from the Ensembl site has increased by 7 to 16, with the addition of the six vertebrate genomes of chimpanzee, dog, cow, chicken, tetraodon and frog and the insect genome of honeybee. The majority have been annotated automatically using the Ensembl gene build system, showing its flexibility to reliably annotate a wide variety of genomes. With the increased number of vertebrate genomes, the comparative analysis provided to users has been greatly improved, with new website interfaces allowing annotation of different genomes to be directly compared. The Ensembl software system is being increasingly widely reused in different projects showing the benefits of a completely open approach to software development and distribution

Functional cyclophilin D moderates platelet adhesion, but enhances the lytic resistance of fibrin

In the course of thrombosis, platelets are exposed to a variety of activating stimuli classified as ‘strong’ (e.g. thrombin and collagen) or ‘mild’ (e.g. ADP). In response, activated platelets adhere to injured vasculature, aggregate, and stabilise the three-dimensional fibrin scaffold of the expanding thrombus. Since ‘strong’ stimuli also induce opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) in platelets, the MPTP-enhancer Cyclophilin D (CypD) has been suggested as a critical pharmacological target to influence thrombosis. However, it is poorly understood what role CypD plays in the platelet response to ‘mild’ stimuli which act independently of MPTP. Furthermore, it is unknown how CypD influences platelet-driven clot stabilisation against enzymatic breakdown (fibrinolysis). Here we show that treatment of human platelets with Cyclosporine A (a cyclophilin-inhibitor) boosts ADP-induced adhesion and aggregation, while genetic ablation of CypD in murine platelets enhances adhesion but not aggregation. We also report that platelets lacking CypD preserve their integrity in a fibrin environment, and lose their ability to render clots resistant against fibrinolysis. Our results indicate that CypD has opposing haemostatic roles depending on the stimulus and stage of platelet activation, warranting a careful design of any antithrombotic strategy targeting CypD

Genetic diversity of the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae

The sustainability of malaria control in Africa is threatened by the rise of insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes, which transmit the disease1. To gain a deeper understanding of how mosquito populations are evolving, here we sequenced the genomes of 765 specimens of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii sampled from 15 locations across Africa, and identified over 50 million single nucleotide polymorphisms within the accessible genome. These data revealed complex population structure and patterns of gene flow, with evidence of ancient expansions, recent bottlenecks, and local variation in effective population size. Strong signals of recent selection were observed in insecticide-resistance genes, with several sweeps spreading over large geographical distances and between species. The design of new tools for mosquito control using gene-drive systems will need to take account of high levels of genetic diversity in natural mosquito populations