Elastic electron scattering from CF3I

Experimental results are reported for elastic differential and integral cross sections for electrons scattering from CF3I. These measurements were made at ten incident electron energies in the range 10–50 eV, with a scattered electron angular range of 20◦–135◦. Where possible, comparison is made to the only other comprehensive experimental set of results available in the literature and to calculated cross sections from the Schwinger multichannel with pseudopotentials method. In general, quite good agreement is found between the present results and those of the earlier studies

Deploying Semantic Web Technologies for Information Fusion of Terrorism-related Content and Threat Detection on the Web

The Web and social media nowadays play an increasingly significant role in spreading terrorism-related propaganda and content. In order to deploy counterterrorism measures, authorities rely on automated systems for analysing text, multimedia, and social media content on the Web. However, since each of these systems is an isolated solution, investigators often face the challenge of having to cope with a diverse array of heterogeneous sources and formats that generate vast volumes of data. Semantic Web technologies can alleviate this problem by delivering a toolset of mechanisms for knowledge representation, information fusion, semantic search, and sophisticated analyses of terrorist networks and spatiotemporal information. In the Semantic Web environment, ontologies play a key role by offering a shared, uniform model for semantically integrating information from multimodal heterogeneous sources. An additional benefit is that ontologies can be augmented with powerful tools for semantic enrichment and reasoning. This paper presents such a unified semantic infrastructure for information fusion of terrorism-related content and threat detection on theWeb. The framework is deployed within the TENSOR EU-funded project, and consists of an ontology and an adaptable semantic reasoning mechanism. We strongly believe that, in the short- and long-term, these techniques can greatly assist Law Enforcement Agencies in their investigational operations

Low energy lepton scattering: Recent results for electron and positron interactions

This report will review several new experimental developments for low energy (1-50 eV) scattering of both electrons and positrons from atoms and molecules. Experiments include an apparatus for studies of scattering from unstable molecular radicals, a position- and time-sensitive time-of-flight spectrometer for studies of near threshold electronic excitation of atoms and molecules and a trap-based positron scattering experiment for measurements of low energy positron scattering from rare gas atoms. Where possible, comparisons are also made with other experimental determinations and with contemporary scattering theory

Daily testing for contacts of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection and attendance and SARS-CoV-2 transmission in English secondary schools and colleges: an open-label, cluster-randomised trial

Background: School-based COVID-19 contacts in England are asked to self-isolate at home, missing key educational opportunities. We trialled daily testing of contacts as an alternative to test if this resulted in similar control of transmission, while allowing more school attendance.Methods: We performed an open-label cluster-randomised controlled trial in secondary schools and further education colleges in England (ISRCTN18100261). Schools were randomised to self-isolation of school-based COVID-19 contacts for 10 days (control) or to voluntary daily lateral flow device (LFD) testing with LFD-negative contacts remaining at school (intervention).Co-primary outcomes in all students and staff were symptomatic PCR-confirmed COVID-19, adjusted for community case rates, to estimate within-school transmission (non-inferiority margin: <50% relative increase), and COVID-19-related school absence. Analyses were performed on an intention to treat (ITT) basis using quasi-Poisson regression, also estimating complier average causal effects (CACE). Secondary outcomes included participation rates, PCR results in contacts and performance characteristics of LFDs vs. PCR.Findings: Of 99 control and 102 intervention schools, 76 and 86 actively participated (19-April-2021 to 27-June-2021); additional national data allowed most non-participating schools to be included in co-primary outcomes. 2432/5763(42.4%) intervention arm contacts participated. There were 657 symptomatic PCR-confirmed infections during 7,782,537 days-at-risk (59.1/100k/week) and 740 during 8,379,749 days-at-risk (61.8/100k/week) in the control and intervention arms respectively (ITT-adjusted incidence rate ratio, aIRR=0.96[95%CI 0.75-1.22;p=0.72]) (CACE-aIRR=0.86[0.55-1.34]). There were 55,718 COVID-related absences during 3,092,515 person-school-days(1.8%) and 48,609 during 3,305,403 person-school-days(1.5%) in the control and intervention arms (ITT-aIRR=0.80[95%CI 0.53-1.21;p=0.29]) (CACE-aIRR 0.61[0.30-1.23]). 14/886(1.6%) control contacts providing an asymptomatic PCR sample tested positive compared to 44/2981(1.5%) intervention contacts (adjusted odds ratio, aOR=0.73[95%CI 0.33-1.61;p=0.44]); rates of symptomatic infection in contacts were 44/4665(0.9%) and 79/5955(1.3%), respectively (aOR=1.21[0.82-1.79;p=0.34]). Interpretation: Daily contact testing of school-based contacts was non-inferior to self-isolation for control of COVID-19 transmission, with similar rates of student and staff symptomatic infections with both approaches. Infection rates in school-based contacts were only around 2%. Daily contact testing should be considered for implementation as a safe alternative to home isolation following school-based exposures