A review of the characteristics and treatment progress of 45 pregnant opiate addicts attending the Irish National Drug Advisory and Treatment Centre over a two year period.

The increase in the number of patients presenting to the National Drug Advisory and Treatment Centre addicted to opiates has been accompanied by an increase in the number of pregnant opiate addicts attending for treatment. Studies published in January 1982 referred to the emergence of maternal addiction as a serious problem in Ireland. Since then the escalation of this specific problem has continued and a programme designed to meet the needs of the pregnant addict was initiated at the clinic. This paper reviews the characteristics and treatment progress of 45 opiate addicts who were referred to the clinic over a two year period

Power Doppler sonography in tenosynovitis: significance of the peritendinous hypoechoic rim.

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135464/1/jum1998172103.pd

Entangled Electronic States in Multiple Quantum-Dot Systems

We present an analytically solvable model of $P$ colinear, two-dimensional quantum dots, each containing two electrons. Inter-dot coupling via the electron-electron interaction gives rise to sets of entangled ground states. These ground states have crystal-like inter-plane correlations and arise discontinously with increasing magnetic field. Their ranges and stabilities are found to depend on dot size ratios, and to increase with $P$.Comment: To appear in Physical Review B (in press). RevTeX file. Figures available from [email protected]

Coherent Resonant Tunneling Through an Artificial Molecule

Coherent resonant tunneling through an artificial molecule of quantum dots in an inhomogeneous magnetic field is investigated using an extended Hubbard model. Both the multiterminal conductance of an array of quantum dots and the persistent current of a quantum dot molecule embedded in an Aharanov-Bohm ring are calculated. The conductance and persistent current are calculated analytically for the case of a double quantum dot and numerically for larger arrays using a multi-terminal Breit-Wigner type formula, which allows for the explicit inclusion of inelastic processes. Cotunneling corrections to the persistent current are also investigated, and it is shown that the sign of the persistent current on resonance may be used to determine the spin quantum numbers of the ground state and low-lying excited states of an artificial molecule. An inhomogeneous magnetic field is found to strongly suppress transport due to pinning of the spin-density-wave ground state of the system, and giant magnetoresistance is predicted to result from the ferromagnetic transition induced by a uniform external magnetic field.Comment: 23 pages, 12 figure

The First Shared Online Curriculum Resources for Veterinary Undergraduate Learning and Teaching in Animal Welfare and Ethics in Australia and New Zealand

The need for undergraduate teaching of Animal Welfare and Ethics (AWE) in Australian and New Zealand veterinary courses reflects increasing community concerns and expectations about AWE; global pressures regarding food security and sustainability; the demands of veterinary accreditation; and fears that, unless students encounter AWE as part of their formal education, as veterinarians they will be relatively unaware of the discipline of animal welfare science. To address this need we are developing online resources to ensure Australian and New Zealand veterinary graduates have the knowledge, and the research, communication and critical reasoning skills, to fulfill the AWE role demanded of them by contemporary society. To prioritize development of these resources we assembled leaders in the field of AWE education from the eight veterinary schools in Australia and New Zealand and used modified deliberative polling. This paper describes the role of the poll in developing the first shared online curriculum resource for veterinary undergraduate learning and teaching in AWE in Australia and New Zealand. The learning and teaching strategies that ranked highest in the exercise were: scenario-based learning; a quality of animal life assessment tool; the so-called ‘Human Continuum’ discussion platform; and a negotiated curriculum. Keywords: animal ethics; animal welfare; online curriculum resources; learning and teaching; scenarios; quality of life assessmentALT gran

Prospective association of social circumstance, socioeconomic, lifestyle and mental health factors with subsequent hospitalisation over 6–7 year follow up in people living with HIV

Background: Predictors of hospitalisation in people with HIV (PLHIV) in the contemporary treatment era are not well understood. / Methods: This ASTRA sub-study used clinic data linkage and record review to determine occurrence of hospitalisations among 798 PLHIV from baseline questionnaire (February to December 2011) until 1 June 2018. Associations of baseline social circumstance, socioeconomic, lifestyle, mental health, demographic and clinical factors with repeated all-cause hospitalisation from longitudinal data were investigated using Prentice-Williams-Peterson models. Associations were also assessed in 461 individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with viral load ≤50 copies/ml and CD4 count ≥500 cells/ µl. / Findings: Rate of hospitalisation was 5.8/100 person-years (95% CI: 5.1–6.5). Adjusted for age, demographic group and time with diagnosed HIV, the following social circumstance, socioeconomic, lifestyle and mental health factors predicted hospitalisation: no stable partner (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR)=1.59; 95% CI=1.16–2.20 vs living with partner); having children (aHR=1.50; 1.08–2.10); non-employment (aHR=1.56; 1.07–2.27 for unemployment; aHR=2.39; 1.70–3.37 for sick/disabled vs employed); rented housing (aHR=1.72; 1.26–2.37 vs homeowner); not enough money for basic needs (aHR=1.82; 1.19–2.78 vs enough); current smoking (aHR=1.39; 1.02–1.91 vs never); recent injection-drug use (aHR=2.11; 1.30–3.43); anxiety symptoms (aHRs=1.39; 1.01–1.91, 2.06; 1.43–2.95 for mild and moderate vs none/minimal); depressive symptoms (aHRs=1.67; 1.17–2.38, 1.91; 1.30–2.78 for moderate and severe vs none/minimal); treated/untreated depression (aHRs=1.65; 1.03–2.64 for treated depression only, 1.87; 1.39–2.52 for depressive symptoms only; 1.53; 1.05–2.24; for treated depression and depressive symptoms, versus neither). Associations were broadly similar in those with controlled HIV and high CD4. / Interpretation: Social circumstance, socioeconomic disadvantage, adverse lifestyle factors and poorer mental health are strong predictors of hospitalisation in PLHIV, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and care. / Funding: British HIV Association (BHIVA) Research Award (2017); SMR funded by a PhD fellowship from the Royal Free Charity

The importance of animal welfare science and ethics to veterinary students in Australia and New Zealand

The study of animal welfare and ethics (AWE) as part of veterinary education is important due to increasing community concerns and expectations about this topic, global pressures regarding food security, and the requirements of veterinary accreditation, especially with respect to Day One Competences. To address several key questions regarding the attitudes to AWE of veterinary students in Australia and New Zealand (NZ), the authors surveyed the 2014 cohort of these students. The survey aimed (1) to reveal what AWE topics veterinary students in Australia and NZ consider important as Day One Competences, and (2) to ascertain how these priorities align with existing research on how concern for AWE relates to gender and stage of study. Students identified triage and professional ethics as the most important Day One Competences in AWE. Students ranked an understanding of triage as increasingly important as they progressed through their program. Professional ethics was rated more important by early and mid-stage students than by senior students. Understanding the development of animal welfare science and perspectives on animal welfare were rated as being of little importance to veterinary graduates as Day One Competences, and an understanding of “why animal welfare matters” declined as the students progressed through the program. Combined, these findings suggest that veterinary students consider it more important to have the necessary practical skills and knowledge to function as a veterinarian on their first day in practic

Hemorrhage from varices in hepaticojejunostomy in the fifth and tenth year after surgery for hepatic hilar bile duct cancer: a case report

We report a case of a 64-year-old female patient who underwent a right lobectomy of the liver (including total resection of the caudate lobe), dissection of the group 2 lymph nodes, left hepaticojejunostomy (Roux-en-Y fashion), and reconstruction of the portal vein (end-to-end anastomosis between the main portal vein and the left portal branch) for treatment of hepatic hilar bile duct cancer in 1996. In 2001, the anastomotic site of the hepaticojejunostomy was dissected and re-anastomosed due to gastrointestinal bleeding caused by variceal rupture in the jejunal loop. In 2006, splenectomy was performed for recurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding due to another variceal rupture in the jejunal loop. Portal venography performed perioperatively showed a decrease in portal blood flow into the liver via the jejunal varices and an increase in portal blood flow into the liver via the left gastric vein. She had two jejunal variceal ruptures at five-year intervals after extrahepatic portal obstruction and underwent successful treatments

Correlation and symmetry effects in transport through an artificial molecule

Spectral weights and current-voltage characteristics of an artificial diatomic molecule are calculated, considering cases where the dots connected in series are in general different. The spectral weights allow us to understand the effects of correlations, their connection with selection rules for transport, and the role of excited states in the experimental conductance spectra of these coupled double dot systems (DDS). An extended Hubbard Hamiltonian with varying interdot tunneling strength is used as a model, incorporating quantum confinement in the DDS, interdot tunneling as well as intra- and interdot Coulomb interactions. We find that interdot tunneling values determine to a great extent the resulting eigenstates and corresponding spectral weights. Details of the state correlations strongly suppress most of the possible conduction channels, giving rise to effective selection rules for conductance through the molecule. Most states are found to make insignificant contributions to the total current for finite biases. We find also that the symmetry of the structure is reflected in the I-V characteristics, and is in qualitative agreement with experiment.Comment: 25 figure files - REVTEX - submitted to PR

Electron transport through double quantum dots

Electron transport experiments on two lateral quantum dots coupled in series are reviewed. An introduction to the charge stability diagram is given in terms of the electrochemical potentials of both dots. Resonant tunneling experiments show that the double dot geometry allows for an accurate determination of the intrinsic lifetime of discrete energy states in quantum dots. The evolution of discrete energy levels in magnetic field is studied. The resolution allows to resolve avoided crossings in the spectrum of a quantum dot. With microwave spectroscopy it is possible to probe the transition from ionic bonding (for weak inter-dot tunnel coupling) to covalent bonding (for strong inter-dot tunnel coupling) in a double dot artificial molecule. This review on the present experimental status of double quantum dot studies is motivated by their relevance for realizing solid state quantum bits.Comment: 32 pages, 31 figure