Correlation between hepatic TGFβ, TNFα and Fas-L gene expression and circulating levels of total, apoptotic and necrotic cell death markers in 24 alcoholic patients.

<p>The correlation between the expression levels of TGFβ, TNFα and Fas-L mRNA (ΔCt) and circulating levels of biomarkers was analyzed using the Spearman's rank correlation test.</p

Characteristics of Serum and Gene groups.

<p>Data are expressed as Median (25th, 75th percentile) or %. AST: aspartate amino-tranferase; ALT: alanine amino-transferase; γGT: Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase.</p

Levels of total, apoptotic and necrotic cells death markers for diagnosis of advanced fibrosis (F≥3) in 143 alcoholic patients.

<p>The area under the ROC curves are shown for the performance of the total (CK18 total), apoptotic (CK18 fragment) and necrotic (CK18 total-fragment) cell death markers for predicting advanced fibrosis (F≥3).</p

Total, apoptotic and necrotic cell death marker levels for prediction of severe fibrosis (F≥3) (n = 143).

<p>PPV: Positive Predictive value, NPV: Negative Predictive value; Prev: Prevalence.</p

Correlation between circulating levels of total, apoptotic and necrotic cell death markers and hepatic inflammation, Mallory-Denk bodies, ballooning and fibrosis in 143 alcoholic patients.

<p>Spearman's rank correlation test.</p

Expression of LAT1 and CD98 in brain metastases and in non-tumoral brain.

<p>Expression of LAT1 and CD98 in brain metastases and in non-tumoral brain.</p

Univariate analysis of the 143 alcoholic patients according to the severity of liver disease.

<p>Patients were classified as Fibrosis (F) <3 or ≥3. Quantitative results are expressed as means ± standard deviations. AST: aspartate amino-tranferase; ALT: alanine amino-transferase; γGT: Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase.</p

Elevated serum levels of total, apoptotic and necrotic cell death markers in patients with hepatic inflammation and advanced fibrosis.

<p>The serum of 143 alcoholic patients were used to evaluate the circulating levels of total CK18 (M65® ELISA) and the caspases-generated CK18 fragment (M30 Apoptosense® ELISA). Results were expressed as median (25^th, 75^th percentile) in function to: (A) hepatic inflammation (A1) and (B) advanced fibrosis (F3/4).</p

Correlation between [18F] FDOPA uptake and LAT1 expression.

<p>Correlation between [18F] FDOPA uptake and LAT1 expression.</p

Study of LAT1 Expression in Brain Metastases: Towards a Better Understanding of the Results of Positron Emission Tomography Using Amino Acid Tracers

<div><p>Positron emission tomography using radiolabeled amino acid (PET-AA) appears to be promising in distinguishing between recurrent tumour and radionecrosis in the follow-up of brain metastasis (BM). The amino acid transporter LAT1 and its cofactor CD98, which are involved in AA uptake, have never been investigated in BM. The aim of our study was to determine and compare the expression of LAT1 and CD98 in BM and in non-tumoral brain tissue (NT). The expression of LAT1 and CD98 were studied by immunohistochemistry in 67 BM, including 18 BM recurrences after radiotherapy, in 53 NT, and in 13 cases of patients with previously irradiated brain tumor and investigated by [18F] FDOPA-PET. LAT1 and CD98 expression were detected in 98.5% and 59.7% of BM respectively and were significantly associated with BM tissue as compared to NT (p<0.001). LAT1 expression in recurrent BM was significantly increased as compared to newly occurring BM. Ten cases investigated by [18F] FDOPA-PET corresponding to recurrent BM displayed significant [18F] FDOPA uptake and LAT1 overexpression whereas three cases corresponding to radionecrosis showed no or low uptake and LAT1 expression. LAT1 expression level and [18F] FDOPA uptake were significantly correlated. In conclusion, we hypothesized that BM may overexpress the AA transporter LAT1. We have shown that LAT1 overexpression was common in BM and was specific for BM as compared to healthy brain. These results could explain the specific BM uptake on PET-AA.</p></div