Decentralization: Why It May Either Foster Or Foster Economic Development?

Artikel ini mendiskusikan prediksi tentang keuntungan-keuntungan dari meningkatnya pethatian terhadap Oktivitas desentralirasi. Demikian juga bahqya-bahayanya yang tidak bersesuaian denganformulasi kebijakan danpelaksanaan. Disanrping itu, dibahas juga basil r#i cobs terhadap faktorfaktoryang megebabkan rendahnya kinea menurut ukuran bahwa kekakan desentralirasi merupakan harapan baikperencanaan maupun masyarakat. Beberapa temman dibuatpada studi awal dari beberapa kunciyang menentukan kineda desentralisasi di Indonesia,yaitu dari tahun kedua dilaksanakannya desentralirasi Keywords: DecentralizationdeconcentrationSub national unitTiebout effec

BANK RISK LEVEL AND BANK CAPITAL : THE CASE OF THE INDONESIAN BANKING SECTOR

Artikel ini menganalisis hubungan antara risiko bank dan modal. Dengan mengunakan analisis 3SLS penelitian inimenemukan adanya hubungan negatif antara tingkat risiko dan modal sektor perbankan. Tingkat aktiva sektor perbankan menunjukkan hubungan positif dengan risiko bank, sama halnya dengan krisis moneter 1997. Tingkat kurs rupiah terhadap dollar dan pasiva dalam mata uang asing menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif dengan tingkat modal perbankan. Implikasi kebijakan adalah perlunya meningkatkan kepatuhan bank pada prinsip kehati-hatian, penambahan modal bank, dan pengawasan transaksi bank yang dilakukan dalam mata uang asin

Effects of decreasing maternal separation of under 6-month old infants directly before and after surgery on allostatic load and outcomes : a randomised control trail [i.e. trial]

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.The current understanding is that infants below six months old do not show separation anxiety (Bretherton, 1985). The objective of the study was to measure the evidence of stress using heart rate variability and impedance cardiograph as indicators of autonomic nervous system activation in order to determine whether decreasing maternal separation of under 6-month-old infants directly before and after surgery decreases their stress experience. The hypothesis was a mother’s presence makes a difference to the autonomic response to stress in infants under six months old undergoing elective hernia surgery

Business Process: Design, Development and Implementation of an E-Procurement and Supply Management System at Kampala International University

The general objective of this study was to design, develop and implement Proposed E-Procurement and Supply Management System (PEPSMS) at Kampala international University.  The specific objectives were to:  (i) examine the level of assessment of the Existing Procurement and Supply Management System (EPSMS) by users in regard to business process. (ii) to determine the level of assessment by the “users” of the PEPSMS after implementation in terms of business process. (iii)) to establish whether there is a significant difference in the level of assessment between the existing procurement and supply management system and the PEPSMS in terms of business process. Quasi-experimental design (assessment of the EPSMS) - post test design (after the implementation of the PEPSMS) was used on a total sample of 29 respondents and t-sample test was used to test the null hypothesis. Findings show that, the level of assessment of the existing procurement and Supply Management System (EPSMS) by the respondents was fair in terms of business process. Further more there was a significant difference in level of assessment of the EPSMS and the PEPSMS before and after implementation. However, the researcher recommends that KIU provides opportunities to its staff members who had low ICT knowledge to go for further training as revealed by the study; and full support by management of KIU should be accorded to the PEPSMS because with out it, sustainability of the system will not be realized Keywords: Existing procurement and Supply Management System (EPSMS),Proposed E-Procurement and Supply Management System (PEPSMS), Business Process

Bank credit, credit riskand farm produce:

The research investigates the determinants and impact of bank credit on output in the food crops and fisheries sub sectorswhether or not there is a significant difference in the risk on bank credit and output in the two sub sectors, and whether or not there is a relationship between risk obtaining in the two sub sectors. The results indicate the positive and significant influence of bank credit on food crops output, but a positive and insignificant influence on fisheries output, which unequivocally vindicates government intervention in credit disbursement to agriculture. The influence of banking deregulation on bank credit supply is shown to differ between the two sub sectors, for while it registers expected positive sign in the fisheries sub sector, it produces negative and insignificant influence in the food crops sub sector. Bank reserve requirements has a negative influence on bank credit extended to the fisheries sub sector, while it induces a positive and significant influence in the food crops sub sector. The 1997 economic crisis causes an autonomous contraction of bank credit to the food crops sub sector, but accentuates it in the fisheries sub sector. The food crops and fisheries sub sectors register significant influence of rate of interest rate on bank credit on bank credit supply. Obstacles to credit disbursement to the two sub sectors are presented, followed by policy implications deemed necessary to improve the credit situation in the agricultural sector. Key words: Credit default, collateral security, firngibilit

Farm credit, farm credit default rate, and farm performamce: the indonesian case

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak dartintervensi pemerinrah dalam penyaluran kredit terhadap kinerja sektor pertani\u27an. Dengan menggunakan kredit program di Indonesia sebagai studi kasus, analisis dampak kredit usahatani terhadap hasil pertanian dilakukan, dan menentukan beberapa fakror yang mempengaruhi tingkat tunggakannya. Analisis lebih lanjut dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi dampak penyuluhan terhadap kinerja kredit usahatani. Hasil menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang positif antara tingkar kredit usahatani yang disalurkan dan hasil pertanian. Namun, biaya yang harus ditanggung dart keberhasilan tersebut berupa tunggakan yang tinggi, yang berdampak negatif terhadap hasil pertanian. Hubungan yang menggembirakan adalah adanya dampak yang negatif antara tingkat penyuluhan (agricultural extension service) dan tunggakan kredit usahatani. Penyaluran kredit usahatani dilakukan melalui beberapa mekanisme yang berdampak pada distorsi pasar kredit, yang berakibat pada menurunnya kinerja sektor finansial secara keseluruhan. Walaupun demikian dilihat dart pentingnya produksi padi dalam perekonzian Indonesia, biaya yang harus ditanggung masyarakat berupa biaya tunggakan yang tinggi dan distorsi pasar input dan output, merupakan necessary evil yang harus diterima. Hashl jugs menunjukkan bahwa meningkatkan tingkat penyuluhan merupakan suatu keharusan untuk perbaikan kinerja kredit program. Kata Kunci: Kredit programtunggakanpenyuluhandistorsi ekonom

Evaluating The Performance of State Involvement in Credit Provision: The Case of Farm Credit Program in Indonesia

Intisari Artikel ini mengevaluasi kontribusi program kredit pertanian di Indonesia. Kontribusi positifprogram kredit pertanian, antara lain, dapat dilihat dari peningkatan basil pertanian yang disebabkan oleb naiknya produktivitas, penggunaan mesin, pembangunan sarana dan prasarana, dan penggunaan varietas unggul. Namun demikian, program kredit pertanian masib dibayangi biaya besaryang hams ditanggungpemerintab, yang pada prinsipnya disebabkan oleh tingkat tunggakan yang tinggi. Selain itu, untuk mewujudkan program tersebut, pemerintah telah melakukan distorsi pasar kredit yang akibatnya memperlambat kemajuan jasa sektorfinansial di Indonesia. Kelemaban program kredit tidak terletak semata-mata pada konsep dan landasannya, melainkan kekurangan dalam perencanaan dan saluran kredit program yang dipergunakan. Perbaikan jasa penyuluhan lapangan adalah keharusan yang mesti dilakukan, yang meliputi rancanganpnogram kredit, cakupan, penyaluran, pengawasan, penyebaran informasi, serta cara dan ketepatan sistem penagiban Kata kunci: kredit program, penunggakan, jasa penyuluhan, penyalahgunaan kredi

Development and Implementation of Patient Management Information System of Kampala International University Teaching Hospital(KIU-TH), Bushenyi District, Uganda

The study evaluatedthe effectiveness of the existing/current patient management information system (EPMIS) design of KIU-TH and the effectiveness of the proposed patient management information system design of KIU-TH in Bushenyi District, Uganda. To test the null hypothesis of there is no significant difference between the existing/current PMIS design and the proposed PMIS design of KIU-TH in Bushenyi District, Uganda. This study employed quasi-experimental designs, descriptive survey, and comparative analysis design approach. The data were analyzed using means and t-test.The findings revealed that the existing PMIS was fairly satisfactory with an overall mean of (2.84). On the other hand, the findings revealed that the proposed patient management information (PPMIS) was effective with an overall mean of (3.22). In addition,the findings also revealed that there was significant difference between the existing PMIS and the proposed PMIS (t=-5.069, sig. =0.000).It was concluded that Orlando’s nursing process theory by Orlando (1972) is a suitable guideline for designing a user friendly patient management information system.Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that the KIU-TH management implement the proposed PMIS in order to improve on the quality of patient service delivery at the KIU teaching hospital.[1] *Malinga Ramadhan B, College of Higher Degrees and Research, Kampala International University. E-mail: [email protected] **Dr. Ssenyonga T.,College of Higher Degrees and Research, Kampala International University. E-mail: [email protected] **Dr. Novembrieta R. Sumil, College of Higher Degrees and Research, Kampala International University. E-mail: [email protected]  

Determinants of acute diarrhoea in children aged 0 – 5 years in Uganda

Background: Diarrhoea disease remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Using a large national dataset, this study determines it’s prevalence and identifies some of the determinants in one of these countries, Uganda.Objective: To establish the prevalence and determinants of acute diarrhoea in children aged 0 – 5 years in Uganda.Design: Cross-sectional study using the 2000/2001 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) dataset.Subjects: Information was derived from the women’s questionnaire done on sampled mothers aged 15 – 49 years and with living children aged 0 – 5 years.Results: Overall prevalence of diarrhoea in children aged 0 – 5 years was 23.8%. The Northern and Eastern regions of the country had the highest prevalence of diarrhoea in children (29.3% and 26.9% respectively). Independent determinants of diarrhoea were: age-group below two years, Northern and Eastern regions of residence, and children with history of fever in the two weeks preceding survey. Mother attaining secondaryor higher level of education, covered well or borehole as source of drinking water, and duration of breastfeeding less than six months, were found protective factors.Conclusion: According to results of the UDHS 2000/2001, every two weeks, one in four children in Uganda is affected by diarrhoea. Factors associated with increased diarrhoea include: age-group one to two years, children living in Eastern and Northern parts of the country, and children who had fever within those two weeks. Factors associated with reduced diarrhoea incidence include: mother’s education level higher than primary school, covered well or borehole as family source of drinking water, and duration ofbreastfeeding less than six months

A Latent profile analysis of the Science teacher-trainees’ self-regulated learning strategies

Paper presented at the 4th Strathmore International Mathematics Conference (SIMC 2017), 19 - 23 June 2017, Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya.In the present study, we conducted a latent profile analysis to identify three clusters of Science teacher-trainees based on their self-regulated learning strategies. The sample comprised of 527 undergraduate teacher-trainees (Mean age = 22 years; SD = 2.20) randomly selected from seven universities in Uganda. Data was collected using the modified Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). These profiles including the (a) competent/expert self-regulated learners (259 students; 49.2%), (b) average self-regulated learners (193 students; 36.6%), and (c) novice self-regulated learners (75 students; 14.2%) differed significantly with respect to their motivational beliefs and academic performance, with the expert and average self-regulated learning profiles having better grade point average (GPA) scores and higher motivation compared to students in the novice self regulated learning profile. All profiles were similar with respect to age, gender and year of study. Additionally, task value and self-efficacy (but not demographic characteristics) significantly predicted latent profile membership. It is therefore important to understand such individual differences among science teacher-trainees in order to improve on their self regulated learning skills. Further implications are discussed in the paper.Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Ugand