Extreme events enhance phytoplankton bloom in the south-western Bay of Bengal

253-258A study on MODIS (Moderate Resolution imaging Spectroradiometer)-derived chlorophyll-a concentration data was carried out for 12 years (2003 to 2014), to know the reasons for two episodic phytoplankton bloom events occurred in 2005 and 2013. During the month of December 2005 and 2013, magnitude of the production increased to two to three times of climatological value over the south-western Bay of Bengal region. Reasons for the bloom were examined with the available satellite resources and it was identified that the strong cyclonic eddy, with long residence time, caused the increase of the production. This production intensified when cyclones passed through or were close to the eddy. The vertical mixing enhanced (2013) when very severe cyclonic storms passed through or moved close to the eddy compared to depressions passing over it which caused further intensification of the primary production

Indigenous knowledge systems of maritime communities of Visakhapatnam coast

This paper delineated the indigenous knowledge system of fishing communities of Visakhapatnam district. The present study is undertaken to bring out the present status of fishing communities inhabiting the Visakhapatnam district and their techno housing types, demographic profiles, economic aspects of the fishing communities have been described in detail

Transformer less Series Active Filter for Power Quality Improvement

- To upgrade the power quality in single-stage frameworks with critical loads a transformer less hybrid series dynamic channel is proposed . This venture helps the energy administration and power quality issues identified with electric transportation and spotlights on enhancing electric vehicle load association with the grid. The control technique is intended to counteract current harmonic bends of nonlinear loads to stream into the utility and rectifies the power element of this later. While shielding sensitive loads from voltage disturbance influences, droops, and swells started by the power framework, ridded of the arrangement transformer, the design is invaluable for a mechanical usage. This polyvalent half and half topology permitting the symphonious separation and pay of voltage bends could ingest or infuse the assistant energy to the grid. The aggregate consonant bending is decreased with the adequacy of the fluffy controller. This venture additionally examines on the impact of increases and postponements in the continuous controller dependability. The simulation result  brought out through MATLAB/SIMULINK programming

SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF RELATED COMPOUNDS IN ESOMEPRAZOLE AND NAPROXEN TABLETS BY USING ION PAIR REVERSE PHASE HPLC

Objective: To develop and validate a novel gradient reverse phase HPLC method for quantitative estimation of Naproxen and Esomeprazole impurities in pharmaceutical dosage form.Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on X-Bridge C18,150x4.6 mm, 3.5 µm column. Detection wavelength was set at 302 nm. The mobile phase A consists of Buffer and Acetonitrile in the ratio of 90:10, where Buffer was prepared by dissolving di ammonium hydrogen phosphate (2.64 gm per Liter) and 1-hexane sulphonic acid sodium salt (1.0 gm per Liter), pH adjusted to 6.5±0.05 with orthophosphoric acid. A mixture of acetonitrile and 1-propanol in the ratio of 90:10 was used as mobile phase B. Flow rate was set to 0.7 mL/minute in gradient elution mode, with a retention time for Naproxen and Esomeprazole 29 and 46 minute respectively.Results: The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 4.621 µg/mL – 99.026 µg/mL for Naproxen and 0.254 µg/mL–3.806 µg/mL for Esomeprazole (r= 0.999). The proposed method was found to be (considered)accurate and precise and linear within the desired range. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was calculated. The purity angle was found less than purity threshold for forced degradation peaks, which shows there was no interference from the common excipient, known impurities and degradents indicating separation, accuracy and reliability of the method. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines and found to be specific, accurate, linear, precise and stability indicating.Conclusion: A Novel, simple, selective and rapid reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of Naproxen and Esomeprazole impurities in pharmaceutical dosage form. Hence, the method can be used for routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries.Â

Traditional technological aspects of fishing crafts in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh, East Coast of India

The study focuses on different types of boats used in marine fishing by traditional communities inhabiting the northeast coastal Andhra Pradesh. These boats area grouped into tied, stitched and moulded. A few of these prototypes of mechanised boats are added by mechanical devices. All these boats are fabricated by indigenous technologies by using local materials. The fabricators are illiterate fishing people. Their ingenuity of maintaining ratios in relation to keel, stem, hull, mast and rudder of a boat to navigate on open sea is astonishing. Further, the study discusses different types of nets used in harvesting various types of fish. The other fishing paraphernalia like hooks, lines, lures etc are also discussed

Analysis of the nutritive composition of wild and farmed tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon fabricius

The present study was undertaken to estimate and compare the nutritive value (moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron) of peeled tails of wild and farmed shrimp Penaeus monodon as there is a misnomer that farmed shrimp has high fat/cholesterol content compare to wild shrimp and also wild shrimp is highly nutritious than farmed tiger shrimp. The percentage moisture content in the peeled tails of tiger shrimp specimens collected from coastal waters varied from 73% to 76.74% with an average of 74.83 %, protein content ranged between 19.5% and 21.0% with an average of 20.17%. The fat content varied from 3.2% to 5.0% with an average to 4.06%, carbohydrate content ranged between 0.07% and 1.09% with an average of to 0.64% and ash content varied between 0.43% and 0.55% with an average of 0.49 %. The phosphorus (as phosphate) content ranged from 923 to 1407 and averaged 1272 mg/l00g. The iron (ppm) concentration fluctuated between 79.61 and 93.19 and averaged to 89.04 ppm. From Brackish waters the percentage of moisture content ranged from 73.84 % to 76.14 % and averaged to 75.36%, percentage protein content varied from 18.1% to 20.1% and averaged to 19.05%. The percentage fat content varied from 3.09% to 5.44% and averaged to 4.06%, percentage carbohydrate content varied from 0.29% to 1.79% and averaged to 0.94% and ash content fluctuated from 0.45% to 2.74% and averaged to 1.01%. The phosphorus content ranged between 747 and 1025 and averaged to 888 mg/l00g and calcium content ranged between 186 and 501 and averaged to 375 mg/l00g. Iron concentration varied between 82.01 and 112.06 ppm and averaged to 100.45 mg/l00g

Comparative Evaluation of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry and Colorimetry for Determining Phosphorus in Grain Samples

The inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-based method provides the opportunity to determine phosphorus (P) along with other major, secondary, micro and trace elements in plant materials. This study was conducted to compare and evaluate the relative efficacy of the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method with that of the colorimetric method using Skalar autoanalyzer, for determining P in 428 grain samples of eight diverse crops. The results on grain P analysis by the two methods, for individual as well as for all crop samples combined, showed that they were highly positively correlated (r varied from 0.84 to 0.98, p < 0.0001 for the eight crops, and R2 for all crop grain samples was 0.9201, p < 0.0001). Moreover, the precision by the ICP method was similar to that determined by the Skalar method. Our results demonstrate that the ICP-OES method can be conveniently used for determining P along with other plant nutrient elements in grain samples of diverse crops

Analysis of Oil Content in Jatropha by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry

Thirty two diverse Jatropha curcas L. cultivars were analyzed for their oil content by the standard Soxhlet extraction method using hexane as solvent. The results were then compared with those obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer. The cultivars had a wide range in oil content, which ranged from 4.8 to 38.8% by the Soxhlet method, and from 6.0 to 38.9% by the NMR method. The values of oil content determined by the NMR method were highly significantly correlated (R2 = 0.9929, P<0.0001, n = 32) with those obtained using the Soxhlet method. The NMR method is simple, non-destructive, rapid, and accurate for the routine analysis of oil content in Jatropha