Issues and Constrains in Manpower Supply in Indian Hospitality Industry

By the very nature of tourism as a service industry, its efficient management and successful operation depend largely on the quality of manpower. In India, the shortage of skilled manpower poses a major threat to the overall development of tourism. In particular, the rapid expansion of hotels of an international standard in India is creating a high level of demand for skilled and experienced staff. The nature of the decisions facing hotel management is continually expanding. For their business to remain competitive, managers must be skilful in many diverse areas. Tourism statistics reveal that both domestic and foreign tourism are on a robust growth path. This growth will need to be serviced by a substantial increase in infrastructure, including air-road, rail connectivity as well as hotels and restaurants The availability of skilled and trained manpower is a crucial element in the successful long-term development and sustainability of a tourist destination. Skilled and trained human resources will ensure the delivery of efficient, high-quality service to visitors, which is a direct and visible element of a successful tourism product. High standards of service are particularly important in sustaining long-term growth, since success as a tourist destination is determined not only by price competitiveness or the range of attractions available, but also by the quality of the services provided, there by the qualified human capital. This paper elaborates the issues and constrains relating to demand and supply of manpower in hospitality industry and also suggested the recommendations to fill the gap.

(Anti-)chiral Superfield Approach to Nilpotent Symmetries: Self-Dual Chiral Bosonic Theory

We exploit the beauty and strength of the symmetry invariant restrictions on the (anti-)chiral superfields to derive the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST), anti-BRST and (anti-)co-BRST symmetry transformations in the case of a two (1+1)-dimensional (2D) self-dual chiral bosonic field theory within the framework of augmented (anti-)chiral superfield formalism. Our 2D ordinary theory is generalized onto a (2, 2)-dimensional supermanifold which is parameterized by the superspace variable Z^M = (x^\mu, \theta, \bar\theta) where x^\mu (with \mu = 0, 1) are the ordinary 2D bosonic coordinates and (\theta,\, \bar\theta) are a pair of Grassmannian variables with their standard relationships: \theta^2 = {\bar\theta}^2 =0, \theta\,\bar\theta + \bar\theta\theta = 0. We impose the (anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST invariant restrictions on the (anti-)chiral superfields (defined on the (anti-)chiral (2, 1)-dimensional super-submanifolds of the above general (2, 2)-dimensional supermanifold) to derive the above nilpotent symmetries. We do not exploit the mathematical strength of the (dual-)horizontality conditions anywhere in our present investigation. We also discuss the properties of nilpotency, absolute anticommutativity and (anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST symmetry invariance of the Lagrangian density within the framework of our augmented (anti-)chiral superfield formalism. Our observation of the absolute anticommutativity property is a completely novel result in view of the fact that we have considered only the (anti-)chiral superfields in our present endeavor.Comment: LaTeX file, 20 pages, journal reference is give

Implementation of PWM Control of DC Split Converter Fed Switched Reluctance Motor Drive

The phase winding of Switched Reluctance Motor is excited during the positive increasing region of the phase inductance to get the motoring action. This is performed through a converter. This paper presents the speed control of DC Split converter fed 4 phase 8/6 Switched Reluctance Motor drive using PWM controller. The speed of the motor is controlled by varying the duty ratio of the PWM controller.  Simulation results are verified with hardware implementation of the controller. The Hall sensors provided in the motor provide signals corresponding to the position of the rotor. The pulses to the IGBT switches are generated by TMS320F2407A DSP controller. The waveforms of the PWM signals and Hall sensor signals are captured by means of Digital Storage Oscilloscope. Motor phase currents, phase voltages and associated numerical values are captured and analyzed by Power Analyzer. Steady state analysis of the drive has been carried out.

Engineering Quantum Jump Superoperators for Single Photon Detectors

We study the back-action of a single photon detector on the electromagnetic field upon a photodetection by considering a microscopic model in which the detector is constituted of a sensor and an amplification mechanism. Using the quantum trajectories approach we determine the Quantum Jump Superoperator (QJS) that describes the action of the detector on the field state immediately after the photocount. The resulting QJS consists of two parts: the bright counts term, representing the real photoabsorptions, and the dark counts term, representing the amplification of intrinsic excitations inside the detector. First we compare our results for the counting rates to experimental data, showing a good agreement. Then we point out that by modifying the field frequency one can engineer the form of QJS, obtaining the QJS's proposed previously in an ad hoc manner

A Study On Influence Of Real Municipal Solid Waste Leachate On Properties Of Soils In Warangal, India

Warangal city generates three hundred tons of garbage daily which is dropped into the Rampur dump yard by Warangal Municipal Corporation (WMC). Dumping of wastes will lead to the formation of leachate which in turn will cause environmental issues like soil and ground water contamination. Chemical analysis of leachate indicates that calcium, chloride, sodium and magnesium are the major ions, along with organic content. This leads to contamination of soil as well as ground water bodies. In this study, authors have attempted to know the behavior of soil under the influence of leachate. Contaminated specimens were prepared and tested for Atterberg limits, shear strength, swell potential and hydraulic conductivity of CH and SC which are present in the dumping yard. Index properties, hydraulic conductivity and swell potential decreased with increase in leachate concentration. Unconfined compressive strength also showed an increase. The decrease in hydraulic conductivity indicated the clogging of pores. In a nutshell, the present work deals with the impact of leachate on the index and engineering properties of CH and red soil

Data-efficient Neuroevolution with Kernel-Based Surrogate Models

Surrogate-assistance approaches have long been used in computationally expensive domains to improve the data-efficiency of optimization algorithms. Neuroevolution, however, has so far resisted the application of these techniques because it requires the surrogate model to make fitness predictions based on variable topologies, instead of a vector of parameters. Our main insight is that we can sidestep this problem by using kernel-based surrogate models, which require only the definition of a distance measure between individuals. Our second insight is that the well-established Neuroevolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) algorithm provides a computationally efficient distance measure between dissimilar networks in the form of "compatibility distance", initially designed to maintain topological diversity. Combining these two ideas, we introduce a surrogate-assisted neuroevolution algorithm that combines NEAT and a surrogate model built using a compatibility distance kernel. We demonstrate the data-efficiency of this new algorithm on the low dimensional cart-pole swing-up problem, as well as the higher dimensional half-cheetah running task. In both tasks the surrogate-assisted variant achieves the same or better results with several times fewer function evaluations as the original NEAT.Comment: In GECCO 201