Characterization of Zinc-Iron alloy electrodeposits for corrosion resistance

Zinc alloy plating is a high performance coatirrg. Compared to pure zinc plating, zinc alloys provide several advantages. A zinc alloy will generally provide superior sacrificial protection to steel. The degree of protection and rate of corrosion depends on the alloy metal and composition. The demand for higher-quali~~lo, nger-lasting, more corrosion-resistant coatings in industries such as aerospace. fkstener, electrical component and particularly, automotive has played a large role in the rlevelopment and use of zinc alloy coatings. Zinc-iron alloy has good weldabilily and ductility. In this paper the corrosion resistance properties of zinc-iron deposited from a sulphate bath are evaluated by electrochemical methods and the results are discussed

Therapeutic Significance of Polymeric Nano Particles as Carriers for Sustained Ocular Therapy: An Overview

ABSTRACT Effective delivery of drug to the eye poses many problems through conventional eye drops due to its poor ocular retention and bioavailability. The use of nanocarriers provides interesting opportunities for topical ocular drug delivery. The association of an active drug to nanocarriers allows the drug to closely interact with specific ocular structures, also to overcome ocular barriers and to prolong its residence in the target area. Hence delivery of a drug through nanoparticles can accomplish main benefits like enhancement of drug permeation, controlled release, and targeting. Though several non polymeric and colloidal drug delivery systems, such as Prodrugs, Polymeric micelles, liposomes, neosome, nanoemulsions, nanocrystals and nanoparticles have been largely investigated and reported to enhance ocular bioavailability of ocular drugs. Owing to the submicron size of polymeric nanoparticles they are well tolerated and have the tendency to deposit in the cul-de-sac for prolonged period. In the present review our objective is focused on the fundamental aspects of polymeric nanoparticles as carrier for ocular drugs and its therapeutic applications with special emphasis to research studies in ocular delivery of polymeric nanoparticles with anti-infectious and anti inflammatory drugs

Environmental stress proteomics-investigating the effects of heavy metal pollution and ocean acidification in agriculturally important marine species

"This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy""June 2014"Bibliography: pages 396-411.This thesis is aimed at furthering our understanding of the biological impacts in important marine species of two environmental issues facing Australia - heavy metal pollution from anthropogenic activities and ocean acidification from increasing carbon dioxide levels. The effects of these stressors were explored by investigating the stress responses in agriculturally important aquatic marine animals, such as oysters and amphipods, using quantitative proteomics. We demonstrated the usefulness of labeled as well as label-free proteomics approaches in gaining insight of such environmental stresses in these animals at the cellular and molecular level.Mode of access: World wide web1 online resource (xxi, 411 pages) illustrations (some coloured), charts,graph

Quantitative proteomics of heavy metal stress responses in Sydney rock oysters

Currently, there are few predictive biomarkers in key biomonitoring species, such as oysters, that can detect heavy metal pollution in coastal waterways. Several attributes make oysters superior to other organisms for positive biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution. In particular, they are filter feeders with a high capacity for bioaccumulation. In this study, we used two proteomics approaches, namely label-free shotgun proteomics based on SDS-PAGE gel separation and gas phase fractionation, to investigate the heavy metal stress responses of Sydney rock oysters. Protein samples were prepared from haemolymph of oysters exposed to 100 μg/L of PbCl₂, CuCl₂, or ZnCl₂ for 4 days in closed aquaria. Peptides were identified using a Bivalvia protein sequence database, due to the unavailability of a complete oyster genome sequence. Statistical analysis revealed 56 potential biomarker proteins, as well as several protein biosynthetic pathways to be greatly impacted by metal stress. These have the potential to be incorporated into bioassays for prevention and monitoring of heavy metal pollution in Australian oyster beds. The study confirms that proteomic analysis of biomonitoring species is a promising approach for assessing the effects of environmental pollution, and our experiments have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying oyster stress responses.16 page(s

Electrodeposition of Zinc-iron alloy

465-469To protect steel against environmental attack, zinc-iron alloy deposition is used. Search for a non-cyanide plating bath resulted in the development of sulphate bath. Current efficiency, throwing power and Hull cell studies were used to optimise a plating bath . The optimized plating bath composition is zinc sulphate 0.05M, ferrous ammonium sulphate 0.01 M, sodium sulphate 20 g L-1, boric acid 30 g L-1, methanol 0.12M, triethanolamine 0.2M , ascorbic acid 2.5 mM and sodium lauryl sulphate 0.06M. Matte white deposits were obtained in the current density range of 2-3 Adm-2

Analysis of rice proteins using SDS-PAGE shotgun proteomics

In this chapter we describe the workflow used in our laboratory to analyze rice leaf samples using label-free shotgun proteomics based on SDS-PAGE fractionation of proteins. Rice proteomics has benefitted substantially from successful execution of shotgun proteomics techniques. We describe steps on how to proceed starting from rice protein extraction, SDS-PAGE, in-gel protein digestion with trypsin, nanoLC-MS/MS, and database searching using the GPM. Data from these experiments can be used for spectral counting, where simultaneous quantitation of several thousand proteins can be obtained.14 page(s

Less label, more free : approaches in label-free quantitative mass spectrometry

In this review we examine techniques, software, and statistical analyses used in label-free quantitative proteomics studies for area under the curve and spectral counting approaches. Recent advances in the field are discussed in an order that reflects a logical workflow design. Examples of studies that follow this design are presented to highlight the requirement for statistical assessment and further experiments to validate results from label-free quantitation. Limitations of label-free approaches are considered, label-free approaches are compared with labelling techniques, and forward-looking applications for label-free quantitative data are presented. We conclude that label-free quantitative proteomics is a reliable, versatile, and cost-effective alternative to labelled quantita tion.19 page(s