Tráfico de internet y desempeño de las empresas en sectores de alto costo: hay dos caras de la moneda

En el contexto de la digitalización de la economía ha aumentado la importancia de los sitios web de las empresas, bien establecidos y fáciles de usar. La pandemia de COVID-19 se ha convertido en un nuevo motor para el desarrollo de las comunicaciones por internet entre fabricantes y consumidores. Este artículo explora la relación entre el tráfico de internet de los sitios web de las empresas y sus volúmenes de ventas y rentabilidad. Aplicamos el análisis de regresión de datos de panel y modelo de regresión de Prais-Winsten con ajuste de error estándar de panel, que proporciona estimaciones conservadoras y confiables. Sobre la muestra de 268 observaciones extraídas de 67 empresas rusas que operan en las industrias de gran valor de la fabricación de automóviles y el desarrollo inmobiliario durante el período 2017-2022 caracterizado por un gran impacto exógeno, demostramos que el tráfico de internet ejerce un efecto positivo en la empresa. Al mismo tiempo, este efecto positivo sobre las ventas va acompañado de un efecto negativo del tráfico de internet sobre la rentabilidad de la empresa. El efecto negativo sobre la rentabilidad es particularmente pronunciado para las empresas más jóvenes que probablemente enfrenten severas limitaciones de recursos y, por lo tanto, puede decirse que sacrifican la rentabilidad para asegurar las ventas. En esta situación, la aplicación de estrategias rentables puede ser fundamental para las empresas más jóvenes. Las empresas más jóvenes deben prestar especial atención a los contenidos de sus sitios web para asegurarse de que proporcionen suficiente información adecuada que ayude a ganar la confianza de nuevos clientes.//The importance of well-established and customer-friendly firms’ websites has increased in the context of the digitalization of the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic has become a new driver for the development of Internet communications between manufacturers and consumers. This article explores the relationship between the Internet traffic of companies’ websites of and their sales volumes and profitability. We apply panel data regression analysis and model of Prais–Winsten regression with panel standard error adjustment, which provides conservative and reliable estimates. In the sample of 268 observations drawn from 67 Russian firms operating in the big-ticket industries of car manufacturing and real estate development during the period of 2017- 2022 characterized by a major exogenous shock, we demonstrate that internet traffic exerts a positive effect on firm sales. At the same time, this positive effect on sales is accompanied by a negative effect of internet traffic on firm profitability. The negative effect on profitability is particularly pronounced for younger firms that are likely to face severe resource constraints and can thus be said to sacrifice profitability to ensure sales. In such situation, application of cost-effective strategies may be critical for younger firms. Younger firms should pay particular attention to the contents of their websites to ensure that they provide enough adequate information that will help win the trust of new customers

Neural network analysis of electroencephalograms based on their graphical representation

The article is devoted to the problem of recognition of motor imagery based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which is associated with many difficulties, such as the physical and mental state of a person, measurement accuracy, etc. Artificial neural networks are a good tool in solving this class of problems. Electroencephalograms are time signals, Gramian Angular Fields (GAF) and Markov Transition Field (MTF) transformations are used to represent time series as images. The paper shows the possibility of using GAF and MTF EEG signal transforms for recognizing motor patterns, which is further applicable, for example, in building a brain-computer interface

Tráfico de internet y desempeño de las empresas en sectores de alto costo: hay dos caras de la moneda

The importance of well-established and customer-friendly firms’ websites has increased in the context of the digitalization of the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic has become a new driver for the development of Internet communications between manufacturers and consumers. This article explores the relationship between the Internet traffic of companies’ websites of and their sales volumes and profitability. We apply panel data regression analysis and model of Prais–Winsten regression with panel standard error adjustment, which provides conservative and reliable estimates. In the sample of 268 observations drawn from 67 Russian firms operating in the big-ticket industries of car manufacturing and real estate development during the period of 2017- 2022 characterized by a major exogenous shock, we demonstrate that internet traffic exerts a positive effect on firm sales. At the same time, this positive effect on sales is accompanied by a negative effect of internet traffic on firm profitability. The negative effect on profitability is particularly pronounced for younger firms that are likely to face severe resource constraints and can thus be said to sacrifice profitability to ensure sales. In such situation, application of cost-effective strategies may be critical for younger firms. Younger firms should pay particular attention to the contents of their websites to ensure that they provide enough adequate information that will help win the trust of new customers.En el contexto de la digitalización de la economía ha aumentado la importancia de los sitios web de las empresas, bien establecidos y fáciles de usar. La pandemia de COVID-19 se ha convertido en un nuevo motor para el desarrollo de las comunicacionespor internet entre fabricantes y consumidores. Este artículo explora la relación entre el tráfico de internetde los sitios web de las empresas y sus volúmenes de ventas y rentabilidad. Aplicamos el análisis de regresión de datos de panel y modelo de regresión de Prais-Winsten con ajuste de error estándar de panel, que proporciona estimaciones conservadorasy confiables. Sobre la muestra de 268 observaciones extraídas de 67 empresas rusas que operan en las industrias de gran valor de la fabricación de automóviles y el desarrollo inmobiliario durante el período 2017-2022 caracterizado porun gran impacto exógeno, demostramos que el tráfico de internet ejerce un efecto positivo en la empresa. Al mismo tiempo,este efecto positivo sobre las ventas va acompañado de un efecto negativo del tráfico de internet sobre la rentabilidad de la empresa. El efecto negativo sobre la rentabilidad es particularmente pronunciado para las empresas más jóvenes que probablemente enfrenten severas limitaciones de recursos y, por lo tanto, puede decirse que sacrifican la rentabilidad para asegurar las ventas. En esta situación, la aplicación de estrategias rentables puede ser fundamental para las empresas más jóvenes. Las empresas más jóvenes deben prestar especial atención a los contenidos de sus sitios web para asegurarse de que proporcionen suficiente información adecuada que ayude a ganar la confianza de nuevos clientes

Problems of Educational Processes Development and Labor Market Needs Analysis in Russia

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the problems of the educational process development and its relation to the labor market. Main problems caused by inconsistency of the education system and labor market needs were revealed. The study of the educational expectations and needs of graduates and students (using questionnaires) was made herein. Labor market analysis wad done to show the main negative and positive aspects of its development. Market industry forecast trends and the education market tendency for the next few years were built to reveal disproportion of the industry needs and educational system outcomes

Well-Being Indices Comparative Analysis: Russia And Foreign Countries

Using the OECD’s data, we study well-being indices comparison main areas for Russia and economically developed countries. The tendency of unleading countries to find mechanisms of economic growth by the welfare various aspects impact is noted. We used the method of complex efficiency estimation to solve the problem of economic well-being analysis. We assessed the effectiveness and optimality of economic well-being of the population. The effectiveness assessment of economic well-being in Russia revealed a significant gap from foreign countries by most indices. The optimality assessment of economic well-being did not reveal any major differences in values between men and women both in Russia and in foreign countries, but allowed to establish a greater gap between the values of indicators of leading and lagging groups in Russia than in other countries. Indicators ratio of lagging groups in Russia with foreign countries was worse than the ratio of indicators at the entire population level. The results of the economic well-being analysis are advisable to consider in the process of state regulation in Russia. State support of social services should be a priority of social and economic policy on the federal and regional authorities. Our analysis justifies the recommendation to reduce the gap between rich and poor groups of Russia's population by using various regulatory tools, including a progressive scale for a number of taxes

Comparative investment analysis of industries development in Russia and Germany

Abstract—The investment policies in some of manufacturing industries in Russia and Germany are described in article. Most appropriate industries for such an analysis are electronic and optical manufacturing and electrical equipment production and manufacturing of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers. Authors make comparative analyses of investment in manufacturing and changes in production value in these industries. Information base of research are Russian Statistical data service and Eurostat. Results allow making the following conclusion. Considering these parameters Russia manufacturing industry lags far behind Germany. A major problem lack of investment that in terms of sanctions and limited external financing will pose serious problems for the development of sub-DL and DM sector of manufactures in Russia Keywords- investment; manufacturing industries; comparative analysis I

Companies profitability under economic instability: evidence from the manufacturing industry in Russia

This study analyzes factors affecting the efficiency (profitability) of enterprises in foreign, joint and domestic ownership in countries with unstable economy. The novelty of the study is that for the first time this kind of analysis has been carried out for the manufacturing industry in Russia, whose economy is characterized by the instability (crisis), external sanctions, and the internal trend for import substitution. Using a panel data on 6134 enterprises operating across several industries in Russia over the period of 2012–2016, the article suggests that generally production efficiency and scale efficiency positively affect profitability, whereas the share of borrowed capital, share of fixed assets and rising interest rates exert negative effects. The contribution of external financial factors is minimal, except for foreign and jointly owned firms. Production efficiency has a particularly pronounced effect for the automotive industry, machinery and equipment manufacturing, and in the metal industry. In contrast, in the chemical, electrical and optical manufacturing, and in food processing industries, internal financial factors emerge as a powerful predictor of performance. Firm ownership does not exert a significant effect on the relationship between the variables of interest when the share of borrowed funds is below 50%. When the share of borrowed capital exceeds 50%, internal financial factors emerge as a particularly prominent predictor of profitability

Domestic and Foreign Firms in Russian Food Industry for the Period of 2005-2014

The article studies the economic and social results of companies in Russian (domestic) ownership (RO) and companies in foreign and joint ownership (FJO) in the food industry of Russia. Using economic analysis and analysis of variance we investigated main indicators for 2005-2014 at the level of Russia and Russian regions. The analysis showed that RO firms are dominating in Russian food industry, but in some regions the foreign and joint firms are prevail. We found that the advanced development of foreign firms was observed during the period of 2005-2013, but the joint firms' share decreased for this period. In 2014 the significant growth of RO firms' production volumes was revealed. RO firms in 2005-2014 were characterized by employment decrease and labor intensity fall. The FJO firms' employment was stable but they have significantly less employment and much less labor intensity (lower social results) in a comparison with RO firms. Keywords: Domestic and foreign and joint enterprises, food industry, economic analysis, analysis of variance, Russia and Russian regions. JEL Classifications: O100, L660, C100