2,579 research outputs found
The effects of water impinging on thermally controlled surfaces under space conditions
Analysis of monochromatic reflectance changes due to impinging water spray from sharp-edge nozzles on thermally-controlled paints under space condition
Overcoming decoherence in the collapse and revival of spin Schr\"odinger cats
In addition to being a very interesting quantum phenomenon, Schr\"odinger cat
swapping has the potential for application in the preparation of quantum states
that could be used in metrology and other quantum processing. We study in
detail the effects of field decoherence on a cat-swapping system comprising a
set of identical qubits, or spins, all coupled to a field mode. We demonstrate
that increasing the number of spins actually mitigates the effects of field
decoherence on the collapse and revival of a spin Schr\"odinger cat, which
could be of significant utility in quantum metrology and other quantum
processing.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Tunable refraction in a two dimensional quantum metamaterial
In this paper we consider a two-dimensional metamaterial comprising an array
of qubits (two level quantum objects). Here we show that a two-dimensional
quantum metamaterial may be controlled, e.g. via the application of a magnetic
flux, so as to provide controllable refraction of an input signal. Our results
are consistent with a material that could be quantum birefringent (beam
splitter) or not dependent on the application of this control parameter. We
note that quantum metamaterials as proposed here may be fabricated from a
variety of current candidate technologies from superconducting qubits to
quantum dots. Thus the ideas proposed in this work would be readily testable in
existing state of the art laboratories.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
The Quantum Emergence of Chaos
The dynamical status of isolated quantum systems, partly due to the linearity
of the Schrodinger equation is unclear: Conventional measures fail to detect
chaos in such systems. However, when quantum systems are subjected to
observation -- as all experimental systems must be -- their dynamics is no
longer linear and, in the appropriate limit(s), the evolution of expectation
values, conditioned on the observations, closely approaches the behavior of
classical trajectories. Here we show, by analyzing a specific example, that
microscopic continuously observed quantum systems, even far from any classical
limit, can have a positive Lyapunov exponent, and thus be truly chaotic.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
p53-mediated delayed NF-κB activity enhances etoposide-induced cell death in medulloblastoma
Medulloblastoma (MB) is an embryonic brain tumour that arises in the cerebellum. Using several MB cell lines, we have demonstrated that the chemotherapeutic drug etoposide induces a p53- and caspase-dependent cell death. We have observed an additional caspase-independent cell death mechanism involving delayed nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activity. The delayed induction was controlled by a p53-dependent transcription step and the production of death receptors (especially CD95/Fas). We further demonstrated that in both MB and glioblastoma (GM) cell lines, in which the p53 pathway was not functional, no p65 activation could be detected upon etoposide treatment. MB cell lines that have mutations in p53 or NF-κB are either less sensitive (NF-κB mutant) or even completely resistant (p53 mutant) to chemotherapeutic intervention. The optimal cell death was only achieved when both p53 and NF-κB were switched on. Taken together, our results shed light on the mechanism of NF-κB activation by etoposide in brain tumours and show that the genetic background of MB and GM cells determines their sensitivity to chemotherapy and has to be taken into account for efficient therapeutic intervention
Entanglement generation in persistent current qubits
In this paper we investigate the generation of entanglement between two
persistent current qubits. The qubits are coupled inductively to each other and
to a common bias field, which is used to control the qubit behaviour and is
represented schematically by a linear oscillator mode. We consider the use of
classical and quantum representations for the qubit control fields and how
fluctuations in the control fields tend to suppress entanglement. In
particular, we demonstrate how fluctuations in the bias fields affect the
entanglement generated between persistent current qubits and may limit the
ability to design practical systems.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, minor changes in reply to referees comment
HUMAN SPINAL CORD IMPEDANCE: ITS APPLICATION IN NEUROSURGICAL STEREOTAXIC CORDOTOMY
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72600/1/j.1749-6632.1970.tb17740.x.pd
Weak nonlinearities: A new route to optical quantum computation
Quantum information processing (QIP) offers the promise of being able to do
things that we cannot do with conventional technology. Here we present a new
route for distributed optical QIP, based on generalized quantum non-demolition
measurements, providing a unified approach for quantum communication and
computing. Interactions between photons are generated using weak
non-linearities and intense laser fields--the use of such fields provides for
robust distribution of quantum information. Our approach requires only a
practical set of resources, and it uses these very efficiently. Thus it
promises to be extremely useful for the first quantum technologies, based on
scarce resources. Furthermore, in the longer term this approach provides both
options and scalability for efficient many-qubit QIP.Comment: 7 Pages, 4 Figure
Superconducting Analogues of Quantum Optical Phenomena: Macroscopic Quantum Superpositions and Squeezing in a SQUID Ring
In this paper we explore the quantum behaviour of a SQUID ring which has a
significant Josephson coupling energy. We show that that the eigenfunctions of
the Hamiltonian for the ring can be used to create macroscopic quantum
superposition states of the ring. We also show that the ring potential may be
utilised to squeeze coherent states. With the SQUID ring as a strong contender
as a device for manipulating quantum information, such properties may be of
great utility in the future. However, as with all candidate systems for quantum
technologies, decoherence is a fundamental problem. In this paper we apply an
open systems approach to model the effect of coupling a quantum mechanical
SQUID ring to a thermal bath. We use this model to demonstrate the manner in
which decoherence affects the quantum states of the ring.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures, To be submitted to Phys. Rev. A. (changes for
referee's and editior's comments - replaced to try to get PDF working
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