Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Drycothaea indistincta Lingafelter & Nearns 2007, new species

Drycothaea indistincta Lingafelter & Nearns, new species (Figs. 1k, 2c) Description. Small size, 7–9.5 mm long; 4–5 mm wide at humeri; integument mottled light and dark brown and black (appearing uniformly gray-brown to naked eye) except for uniformly tawny scutellum. Integument covered with moderately dense coating of tawny appressed pubescence. Head with broad, nearly flat interantennal tubercle region, antennal tubercles only slightly raised. Head with a faint, median, shallow groove just beyond vertex. Head throughout with moderately dense, shallow punctures and covered with dense appressed tawny pubescence (in places obscuring surface) and sparse, long, erect, mostly pale hairs on frons, vertex, and eye margins. Eyes average in size, coarsely faceted (about 14 facets at greatest height of lower lobe; about 6 facets across greatest width of upper lobe), deeply emarginate at insertion of antenna, lower lobe comprising about one-half of head thickness. Narrowest point between upper and lower lobes about width of 2 facets. Antenna 11-segmented, without spines, with vestiture mixture of short, tawny brown and white pubescence, with sparse, stiff, suberect hairs along most antennomeres. Antennomeres 4–11 with basal one-fifth to one-fourth distinctly annulate with pale pubescence. Scape with small, dense, confluent punctures throughout. Antennae of both sexes similar in length and form, just surpassing elytral apices in male, and slightly shorter than body in female. Third antennomere about 1.3 times as long as scape, fourth about as long as scape, and nearly twice as long as fifth. Antennomeres 5–11 short and gradually decreasing in length. Pronotum much broader than long (1.3 times as broad as long); an acute, post-medial and posteriorly directed lateral spine on each side; distinctly narrowed at base behind tubercle; width of pronotum at base about three-fourths width of elytra at base. Pronotum densely covered with small, shallow punctures, mostly separate from each other; with moderately dense vestiture of pale or tawny pubescence, in places obscuring surface. Prosternum with punctures and pubescence similar to pronotum. Prosternal process moderately broad between procoxae, strongly expanded at apex, closing procoxal cavities posteriorly. Elytra with mottled light and dark brown integument (appearing mostly uniform gray-brown to naked eye). Elytral surface covered with dense vestiture of appressed tawny and white pubescence, in places concealing surface. Elytral surface with moderately dense, regularly placed, longer, semiappressed bicolored hairs, dark at base, white at apex, arising from deeper punctures. Punctures moderately dense, deep, mostly separate. Elytral apices narrowly rounded. Scutellum subtruncate posteriorly, broadly covered with dense off-white pubescence. Legs moderate to short in length, femora extending to base of fifth ventrite; with moderately dense pubescence, including longer, appressed bicolored hairs (dark at base, white at apex); femora clavate. Venter moderately pale pubescent throughout, in places obscuring surface which has punctures of slightly smaller size, more shallow and more densely distributed than those of dorsal surface. Mesosternum with moderately broad mesocoxal process, about as wide as mesocoxa, and without lateral projections into mesocoxae. Ventrite 1 as long as 2–4 combined, which are each short, and of similar length. Fifth ventrite about as long as 2–3 combined. Fifth ventrite of female with a short, longitudinal groove at middle of base (lacking in males). Apex of fifth ventrite sinuate in females and subtruncate in males. Etymology. This species epithet is a participle that refers to the uniform, ordinary appearance of the species, without any maculae, bright colors, or striking morphological features. Discussion. The tribe Calliini contains many species that greatly resemble those of Desmiphorini, however, the presence of appendiculate tarsal claws in Calliini readily distinguishes them. Like Desmiphorini, the generic limits in Calliini are somewhat diffuse, and this tribe could benefit from a phylogenetic analysis that would also serve to better define (and perhaps synonymize) some genera. Martins and Galileo (1990) reviewed the South American species of Drycothaea and provided a diagnosis for the genus. Based on their study, we place this new species in that genus. Characters supporting our decision include: presence of appendiculate tarsi; pronotum with an acute, post-medial and posteriorly directed lateral spine on each side; antennal scape without an apical cicatrix; third antennomere longer than the scape; elytra convex, without a longitudinal carina; and rounded elytral apices. The only other species of Drycothaea known from the Caribbean is Drycothaea guadeloupensis Fleutiaux and Sallé 1889, recorded from Guadeloupe and Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Chalumeau and Touroult 2005; Monné 2005 b; Monné and Hovore 2005). Drycothaea guadeloupensis differs from D. indistincta by having more sparse pubescence dorsally exposing most punctures, especially on the pronotum (dense and mostly uniform gray-tawny pubescence in D. indistincta); by having the pronotum only slightly broader than long (much broader than long in D. indistincta); and by having the antennae more broadly annulate at the base of most antennomeres (narrowly annulate in D. indistincta). Type Material. Holotype, male: ‘‘ Dominican Republic, La Altagracia Province, Punta Cana near Ecological Reserve, 0–5 m, 18 ° 30.477 9 N, 68 ° 22.499 9 W, 5 July 2006, S. Lingafelter, cut wood at night’’ (USNM). Paratypes, 62 (all from exact locality as holotype unless otherwise specified): 5 July 2006, on cut wood at night, S. Lingafelter (4 males, 3 females, USNM); 7 July 2005, S. Lingafelter, attracted to lights (3 males, 5 females USNM); 6 July 2006, S. Lingafelter, at light (2 males, 1 females, USNM); 3 July, 2006, at light (1 female, USNM); 1 July 2006, N. E. Woodley, at light (1 male, USNM); 21 July 2006, S. Lingafelter, beating (1 male, USNM); 30 June 2005, S. Lingafelter, attracted to lights (1 male, USNM); 19–20 July 2006, S. Lingafelter, at light (1 male, 2 females, USNM); 12–13 June 2005, N. Woodley, day collecting (1 male, USNM); 12–14 June 2005, S. Lingafelter (1 male, USNM); 14 June 2005, S. Lingafelter (1 male, USNM); 30 June 2005, at light (2 females, USNM); 22 July 2006, N. E. Woodley, at light (1 male, USNM); 2–7 July, 2005, attracted to lights, S. Lingafelter (8 males, 2 females, USNM); same data (1 male, 1 female, WIBF); same data (1 male, 1 female, FSCA); same data (1 male, 1 female, JEWC); same data except N. Woodley (4 males, 3 females, USNM); UV light, 30 June 2005, Nearns & Lingafelter (1 female, ENPC); 12 June 190 2005 (1 male, ENPC); 29 June 2005 (1 male, ENPC); La Altagracia Province, El Veron, Hoyo Azul, 18 ° 33.610 9 N, 68 ° 26.881 9 W, 25– 40 m., dead logs, 22 July 2004, S.W Lingafelter (1 female, USNM); same data except beating, Nearns & Lingafelter 26 June 2005 (1 female, ENPC); same data except 30 June 2005 (1 male, ENPC); Azua, 24 August, 1992, D. S. Sikes & J. Brodzinsky (1 male, WIBF); La Altagracia Province, Parque del Este, Caseta Guaraguao 4.4 km southeast Bayahibe, 18 ° 19.59 9 N, 68 ° 48.42 9 W, 3 m, 26–27 May 2004, C. Young, J. Rawlins, J. Fetzner, C. Nunez, semihumid forest near sea, limestone, UV light, sample 51114, CMNH 401,088 (1 female, CMNH); Monte Cristi, 5 km NNE Botoncillo, 50 m, 19 ° 46 9 N, 71 ° 24 9 W, 29–30 November 1992, R. Davidson, M. Klingler, S. Thompson, J. Rawlins, arid thornscrub, CMNH number 331,209 (1 male, CMNH).Published as part of Ivie, Michael A. & Spiessberger, Erich L., 2007, Clarification of the Correct Original Spelling of Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Gnathidiini: Anopidiina), pp. 177-191 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 61 (2) on pages 177-191, DOI: 10.1649/001

Hovorigenium ecuadorense Ivie & Spiessberger 1956, new species

<i>Hovorigenium ecuadorense</i>, new species <p>(Figs. 1–3, 5–9)</p> <p> <b>Description of female holotype.</b> Elongate-ovoid, slender, length 7.2 mm, width 2.2 mm; flattened, feebly convex dorsally and ventrally; general color black with aeneous reflections especially on dorsal surface and disc of thoracic and abdominal ventrites; longitudinal depression of frontovertex and around each eye, gena, dorsal surface of antennae, anterior margin and lateral fold of pronotum,epipleuron, anterior region of prosternum, perimeter of prosternal process and perimeter margins of remaining thoracic ventrites, longitudinal margins of abdominal ventrites and legs faint red-cupreous; head, pronotum 162 shallowly, coarsely punctate, each puncture with one recumbent, white seta, each seta <i>ca.</i> 2X longer than diameter of individual puncture; elytra striatopunctate in longitudinal interstices alternating with feebly elevated, impunctate costae; head (Fig. 5) with frontovertex broadly, shallowly, longitudinally depressed between eyes; depression marked with fine, very narrow medial groove; frontoclypeus with disc shallowly depressed before feebly bilobed distal margin of clypeus; clypeal margin shallowly angulate between lateral lobes; antennal insertions small, widely separated; gena with only short lobe beneath each eye, very shallow, transverse depression for basal antennomeres in repose; antennomere 1 more than 2X length of 2; 2 short, globose; 3, 4 subequal in length, each more slender than 2; 5–10 triangularly serrate, 5–7 longer than wide, 8–10 subequal length to width; 11 oblong, rounded distally, as long as 10 (Fig. 6); pronotum (Figs. 1, 2) <i>ca.</i> 1.7 times as wide as long, widest in anterior <b>K</b>; anterior margin bisinuate, arcuate medially, concave on either side laterally widening to anterolateral angles; posterior margin bisinuate on either side of evenly transverse median portion; posterolateral angles nearly 90 <i>°</i>; lateral margins strong arcuate from anterior margin to before posterolateral angles; disc flattened medially, longitudinally depressed on either side laterally; margin separated from disc by narrow, irregular elevated costa on either side; lateral margins without well-defined carina, only dorsal and ventral surfaces slightly compressed together so that margin appears to be well-marked; scutellum (Fig. 1) pentagonal, widest at posterior 1/3, anterior margin convex, sides diverging posteriorly, posterior margin two-sided or widely angulate; elytra (Figs. 1, 2) widest opposite humeri, wider than maximum width of pronotum; elytra widest just posterior to apical 1/3; lateral margins widening slightly from anterior margin to anterior 1/4, then subequal to midpoint, then again slightly widening to apical 1/3 before gradually narrowing to separately rounded apices; lateral margin finely, widely serrulate from anterolateral angles to before apex, then finely, closely serrate around apex; disc striatopunctate, between more or less longitudinal, irregular, feebly elevated costae; five costae visible in anterior 1/3, nine costae visible at midpoint of elytral length, and only four costae visible in preapical section; the four longest costae: costa 3 beginning from discal side of anterior humeral depression, arcuate in anterior 1/3, subparallel to suture for most of elytral length, then slightly diverging laterally before apex; costa 5 beginning from inside of apex of humeral umbone, arcuate anteriorly and more or less parallel to costa 3, but converging with costa 3 at apex; costa 7 beginning from outside of apex of humeral umbone, parallel to costae 3, 5, but extending only to about apical 1/5; costa 8, prelateral, beginning opposite apex of anteolateral projection of abdominal ventrite 1, parallel to fine lateral carina and costa 7, extending to and around apex; epipleuron slender anteriorly, narrowing to very slender subparallel extension almost to elytral apex; pygidium not visible from above; prosterum (Fig. 3) with anterior margin feebly bilobed on either side of wide, shallow concave margin medially; prosternal process with sides concave opposite procoxae, then trilobed (2 lateral, 1 distal) at apex; mesoepimeron partially hidden beneath anteolateral projection of first abdominal ventrite; abdominal ventrites slightly expanded laterally and visible beyond lateral margins of elytra; ventrite 2 subparallel in length to 1; 1+2, 3+4+5; 5 narrowing moderately to subtruncate apex; pro, mesofemora basally fusiform; metafemora subparallel; tibiae (Fig. 7) straight; tarsomeres 1–4 with ventral pulvilli: 1 slender, elongate with pulvillus short, less than half length of 1; 2, 3 short, subequal in length; 2 with pulvillus slightly wider than 3; 4 shorter than 3; 3, 4 with pulvilli expanded laterally, much wider than long; 5 very slender, length <i>ca.</i> length of 3+4+5; claws (Fig. 8) appendiculate. Ovipositor as in Fig. 9.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined.</b> Holotype, female (CSCA): <b>ECUADOR</b>, Manabi Prov., La Pila, S01 <i>°</i> 06 <b>9</b> 42.4 <b>0</b> W080 <i>°</i> 34 <b>9</b> 50.5 <b>0</b> 200 m elev., 20.ii.2006, F. T. Hovore.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific epithet <i>ecuadorense</i> is chosen to indicate the country of origin.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> One of the many tragic aspects of Frank’s early death was that he knew so much more about many of the critters he collected than the scant label data that came with them. Eventually more specimens of this exciting new taxon will be collected and more data about host, biology, range, etc. will be published; or it won’t. Frank’s death may actually close the book about collecting in Ecuador and elsewhere for an entire group of colleagues who followed Frank’s lead into parts of Central and South America mostly unknown to contemporary entomologists. Instead of fearing a similar fate to that of Frank, we should all consider fearing that we won’t leave much either by fearing to follow or failing to provide better documentation of our own travels and discoveries.</p>Published as part of <i>Ivie, Michael A. & Spiessberger, Erich L., 1956, Clarification of the Correct Original Spelling of Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Gnathidiini: Anopidiina), pp. 159-163 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 61 (2)</i> on pages 159-163, DOI: 10.1649/0010, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10110392">http://zenodo.org/record/10110392</a&gt

Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz 1975

Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz, 1975 Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz 1975: 118. Zoological Record 1975: 217. Here designated as correct original spelling under the Principle of First Reviser. Caecomenimopsis jamaiscensis Dajoz 1975: 120, 121. Lapsus calami.Published as part of Ivie, Michael A. & Spiessberger, Erich L., 2017, Clarification of the Correct Original Spelling of Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Gnathidiini: Anopidiina), pp. 118-119 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 71 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-71.1.118, http://zenodo.org/record/536162

Hovorigenium Ivie & Spiessberger 1956, new genus

Hovorigenium, new genus Type species: Hovorigenium ecuadorense, new species (present designation). Description. Small, slender, elongate-ovoid, flattened, strongly subcylindrical, feebly transversely convex dorsally and ventrally; body generally punctate with each puncture with a single stout adpressed or recumbent seta; head with frontovertex longitudinally depressed between large eyes; frontoclypeus emarginate; distal portion of bilobed membranous anteclypeus visible; eyes relatively large, inner margins slightly converging dorsally; antennae serrate from antennomere 5, antennomeres 5–11 each with one large ventral fossa containing sensory sensilla; pronotum much wider than long, widest in anterior half; disc transversely flattened, depressed in posterolateral portions; scutellum pentagonal; elytra wider at humeri than pronotum, lateral margins subparallel, before narrowing to narrow, separately rounded, finely serrate apices; disc costate; epipleuron narrowing from base and extending well beyond midpoint of elytral length; prosternal process trilobed; abdominal ventrites with sutures entire, feebly convex; length of 1+2. 3+4+5; 5 attenuate; femora narrowly fusiform; tibiae with two short distal spines; metatibia with setal comb on external margin (Fig. 7); tarsi with ventral pulvilli on tarsomeres 1–4; 5 with claws appendiculate (Fig. 8). Etymology. The neuter genus-group name is a combination of the family name of Frank T. Hovore and the ending of Trigonogenium, to honor Frank’s contributions in many groups of Coleoptera, primarily of course Cerambycidae and Pleocomidae, both through his collecting and his publications, as well as to refer to the perceived relationship to the nominate genus of Trigonogeniini. Comments. Hovorigenium can be distinguished from the species of Trigonogenium as follows:Published as part of Ivie, Michael A. & Spiessberger, Erich L., 1956, Clarification of the Correct Original Spelling of Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Gnathidiini: Anopidiina), pp. 159-163 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 61 (2) on pages 159-163, DOI: 10.1649/001

Hormathus giesberti Lingafelter & Nearns 2007, new species

Hormathus giesberti Lingafelter & Nearns, new species (Figs. 1a, d) Description. Small size, 4.5–8.5 mm long; 1.0– 1.5 mm wide at humeri; integument dark metallic blue with legs and antennae less metallic, and darker. Head with shallow interantennal tubercle region, evenly concave between; tubercles only weakly elevated. Head (including antennal tubercles) coarsely punctate dorsally (contiguous and forming transverse rows on occiput of females), mostly impunctate ventrally. Head glabrous except for few scattered long hairs (one on frons above base of mandible on each side; one behind antennal tubercle on each side; and two on each side of gula). Eye without distinct upper lobe; with a small postero-dorsal notch near insertion of scape. Eye coarsely faceted (about 14 facets at greatest height). Antenna without spines, with inconspicuous vestiture of short, opaque hairs with longer hairs at apex of most antennomeres. Antennae of males extending about 1–2 antennomeres beyond elytra; antennae of females extending to posterior fourth of elytra at most. Antennomeres 3–5 of males greatly swollen, fourth antennomere shortest, remaining antennomeres unmodified. Antennomeres of females not swollen, fourth shortest. Pronotum cylindrical, mostly glabrous and impunctate (just a few scattered punctures on disk), without distinct calli or tubercles, arched at anterior end, length about 1.5 times width. Prosternal process very narrow between procoxae, strongly expanded at apex, closing procoxal cavities posteriorly. Elytra mostly glabrous, with scattered long, erect hairs and moderately dense, broad, shallow punctures throughout. Elytral apices rounded to subtruncate, vaguely dentiform at suture in some specimens. Scutellum rounded posteriorly, mostly glabrous, without conspicuous punctures. Legs of moderate length, femora clavate, variably pedunculate. Venter mostly glabrous, but with short, white vestiture on episternites. Mesosternum with broad mesocoxal process with lateral extensions into mesocoxae. Fifth sternite of both sexes broadly rounded, without modification. Etymology. This attractive species of Hormathus is named after Edmund Giesbert (1931–1999) to acknowledge his recognition of this new species and with our appreciation for his prolific contributions to the study of Cerambycidae. Edmund passionately collected and studied Cerambycidae for many decades. His publications, graced with his beautiful artwork, were always eagerly awaited by our community. The epithet is a noun in apposition. Discussion. The uniform metallic blue coloration of this small longhorned beetle makes it readily identifiable. The only other species with which it could be confused is an undescribed species of metallic blue Psyrassa Pascoe 1866 from the Dominican Republic, but the latter is readily distinguished by having mesal spines on some basal antennomeres. The eye shape and facets are very similar among Hormathus giesberti, H. bicolor, and H. cinctellus and would be more appropriately classified as coarsely faceted, not finely faceted. Cerambycids with finely faceted eyes have over 30 facets in a row along the greatest dorsal-ventral thickness of an average-sized eye. All Hormathus specimens examined for each species have 16 or less, a general indicator of large (coarse) ommatidia for average-sized eyes. At the time this paper was going to press, five additional specimens from the Giesbert collection were found in the Frank Hovore collection by Ian Swift. Ian also located a draft of a Giesbert manuscript describing this species on Frank’s computer. Since we had already completed the description independently and without knowledge of Giesbert’s draft manuscript (or other specimens), we elected to proceed with our description. Type Material. Holotype, male: ‘‘ Dominican Republic, La Altagracia, Punta Cana near Eco. Reserve, 0–5 m, at light, SpecID: 7310, Nearns & Lingafelter 25- VI-2005 ’’ (USNM). Paratypes, 19 (all Dominican Republic): same data as holotype except sweeping, June 25, 2005, A. Konstantinov (1 male, USNM); San Pedro Province, near Juan Dolio, 13–18 May 1985, J. E. Wappes (1 female, JEWC); same data except 4 May 1985, J. E. Wappes (1 male, 1 female, JEWC); same data except 5–19 May, 1985, E. Giesbert, coll. (3 males, 2 females, EFGC); 12 km W San Pedro de Macoris, 5–19 May 1985, E. Giesbert (1 male, 1 female, EMEC); La Altagracia Province, Parque Nacional del Este, Guaraguao, 0–5 m, 18 ° 19.568 9 N, 68 ° 48.500 9 W, 8 July 2006, N. E. Woodley, sweeping mangrove flowers (1 female, ENPC); same data except 3 July 2006 (1 female, USNM); La Altagracia Province, Parque del Este, 2.9 km southwest of Boca de Yuma, 11 m, 28 May 2004, C. Young, J. Rawlins, J. Fetzner, C. Nunez, semihumid forest near sea, limestone, hand collected, 52144, CMNH 325,152 (1 female, CMNH); La Altagracia Province, Parque del Este, Caseta Guaraguao, 4.4 km southeast Bayahibe, 18 ° 19.59 9 N, 68 ° 48.42 9 W, 3 m, 26–27 May 2004, C. Young, J. Rawlins, 182 J. Fetzner, C. Nunez, semihumid forest near sea, limestone, canopy trap, sample 51194, CMNH 326,408 (1 female, CMNH); same data, CMNH 330,421 (1 female, CMNH); same data except malaise (not canopy), sample 51184, CMNH 328,619 (1 male, CMNH); La Altagracia Province, Parque Nacional del Este, Guaraguao, 30 May 1992, K. A. Guerrero, F. DelMonte, sweeping (1 female, WIBF); San Cristobal Province, San Cristobal, 4 June 1980, D. Guez., coll. (1 female, WIBF).Published as part of Ivie, Michael A. & Spiessberger, Erich L., 2007, Clarification of the Correct Original Spelling of Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Gnathidiini: Anopidiina), pp. 177-191 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 61 (2) on pages 177-191, DOI: 10.1649/001

Enoclerus hovorei Rifkind and Barr 2007, new species

<i>Enoclerus hovorei</i> Rifkind and Barr, new species <p>(Fig. 2)</p> <p> <b>Type Material.</b> Holotype male: COSTA RICA, Puntarenas, Monteverde, June 16–19-1995, F. Hovore, collector. Holotype deposited in the California State Collection of Arthropods, Sacramento, California, U.S.A. (CSCA). Six paratypes: (2) same data as holotype, except 12-15-VI-1996; (1) same data as holotype except 22-25-vii-1992; (1) same data as holotype except 17–18 May, 1984; (1) same data as holotype except 18-22-vii-1990; (1) Costa Rica, Prov. Guanacaste, Est. Cacao, 1,000–1,400 m, Lado Suroeste del Volcán Cacao, Malaise trap, 1990 (INBio label collecting data: L-N-323300, 375700 / Barcode: INBIO CRI000, 628971). Paratypes deposited in INBC, JNRC, and WFBC.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Readily distinguishable from its congeners based on a unique combination of color, elytral pattern, and setal arrangement. It appears somewhat similar to <i>Enoclerus bicarinatus</i> (Gorham), with which it may be sympatric in parts of Costa Rica. By comparison with <i>E. hovorei</i>, however, <i>E. bicarinatus</i> has the subbasal carinae generally more elongate, the midelytral fascia not as acutely deflexed, and bears, in addition, a pair of pale oblique antemedian elytral markings that are entirely absent in the new species.</p> <p> <b>Description</b> (Holotype). <i>Length</i>: 6.00 mm. <i>Color</i>: Black; tibiae brownish-red; tarsi, antennal club, antennomeres 1–2 (dorsally), and mouthparts, brown; antennomeres 1–2 (ventrally), apices of maxillary palpi, and third pair of trochanters, reddish-testaceus; elytra with eburneous raised subbasal and median markings as in Fig. 2; median fasciae attaining epipleural folds laterally. <i>Head</i>: front bi-impressed; surface densely, moderately finely and shallowly punctate, moderately densely set with fine, medium length, suberect silvery setae, interspersed with fewer longer and more robust, erect black setae. <i>Pronotum</i>: slightly wider than long; distinctly narrower than elytra at base; transverse impression distinct, slightly oblique on sides of disk, broadly ‘‘V’’ shaped at middle; surface finely, rather sparsely punctate on basal disk, more coarsely, subconfluently punctate in front of transverse impression; pubescence moderately dense, but not obscuring the surface, consisting of erect and suberect black and silvery setae of varying length and thickness, most noticeably arranged as follows: a sparse array of short, suberect, robust, apically oriented silvery setae in front of transverse impression; basal disk at middle bearing black setae only. <i>Elytra</i>: elongate (almost 2X as long as wide), widest at middle; humeri well developed, subquadrate; subbasal swellings distinct, each crowned with a longitudinally produced, glabrous, ovate-elongate eburneous carina; disk with surface shining, sparsely and finely punctate above, shallowly dimpled, a little more densely punctate laterally; inconspicuously set with short, suberect black setae intermingled with fewer longer, more robust, erect black setae, and patterned with conspicuous concentrations of rather short, reclinate, whitish setae arranged as a laterally deflexed, postbasal oblique fascia, continuing narrowly along the elytral midline (broader somewhat at apical 1/3), then expanding obliquely over apices; median lunulate-angulate fascia distinctly raised; sides subparallel; apices separately rounded, slightly dehiscent. <i>Mesosternum</i>: posterior median process distinctly elevated, apex entire (not cleft). <i>Metasternum</i>: convex; surface shining; sides each with a distinct triangular concentration of reclinate silvery setae. <i>Abdomen</i>: shining, virtually impunctate, set with a few long, pale setae; visible sternite 6 with hind margin feebly, arcuately emarginate; abdominal apex without setal daggers.</p> <p> <b>Variation.</b> Length ranges from 4.65 mm – 7.75 mm. The few available specimens are rather uniform in color, sculpturing and setal patterning. The female has visible sternite 6 with the hind margin semicircularly rounded.</p> <p> <b>Natural History.</b> This apparently uncommon species appears to be restricted to upland habitats (<i>ca.</i> 1,000–1,500 m elevation) in Costa Rica. It has been collected in cloudforest at Monteverde.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> We name this species in honor of the late Frank T. Hovore, collector of most of the type series. Frank had a special affinity for the Coleoptera of Monteverde and we take great pleasure in associating his name with this rare and attractive clerid.</p>Published as part of <i>Ivie, Michael A. & Spiessberger, Erich L., 2007, Clarification of the Correct Original Spelling of Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Gnathidiini: Anopidiina), pp. 195-199 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 61 (2)</i> on pages 195-199, DOI: 10.1649/0010, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10110460">http://zenodo.org/record/10110460</a&gt

Ataxia hovorei Lingafelter & Nearns 2007, new species

Ataxia hovorei Lingafelter & Nearns, new species (Figs. 1h, 2b) Description. Moderate size, 16–19 mm long; 5 mm wide at humeri; integument dark brown, mostly obscured by mixture of tawny and white pubescence. Head with broad interantennal tubercle region, flat between moderately projecting antennal tubercles. Head (including antennal tubercles) sparsely punctate, mostly covered with appressed tawny pubescence and sparse, erect black hairs on frons and eye margins. Head with narrow, longitudinal line of dense, white pubescence at middle of occiput, sometimes extending between upper eye lobes. Eyes of moderate size, coarsely faceted (about 14 facets at greatest height of lower lobe; 5 facets across greatest width of upper lobe), deeply emarginate at insertion of antenna, lower lobe occupying about one-half of head thickness. Antenna without spines, with vestiture mixture of short, tawny brown and white pubescence, with fringe of longer hairs along mesal and ventral margins, and scattered more sparsely throughout and at apices of antennomeres. Basal onefourth of most antennomeres annulate with white pubescence. Scape with sparse, glabrous punctures and a weak cicatrix. Antennae of both sexes similar in length and form, extending 1–3 antennomeres beyond elytral apices. Pronotum slightly broader than long with three small, blunt tubercles on each side (one at middle, one above and slightly anterior to middle of side, one just behind anterior margin at side) and two small, mostly glabrous, tubercles on disk, one on each side of and anterior to middle. Pronotum with sparse punctures, mostly obscured by vestiture of tawny pubescence. Pronotum with a broken, median longitudinal line of dense, bright white pubescence. This line extending from scutellum almost to center of disk, continuing into line on occiput of head. Prosternum densely covered with tawny and white pubescence. Prosternal process broad between procoxae, strongly expanded at apex, closing procoxal cavities posteriorly. Elytra with dense vestiture of appressed tawny and white pubescence, mostly in narrow, alternating longitudinal rows. Elytral margins and suture with scattered suberect, stiff, black hairs. Punctures sparse, widely separated, mostly in longitudinal rows, more conspicuous at basal half of elytra. Elytral apices strongly truncate, weakly oblique. Scutellum rounded posteriorly, broadly margined with dense, white pubescence, but glabrous at middle and anterior margin. Legs moderate in length, densely covered in tawny and white pubescence; femora clavate. Metatibia of males arcuate along dorsal margin and thickened, approximately as thick as base of metafemur; metatibia of females unmodified, nearly straight, much narrower than base of metafemur. Dorsolateral margin of mesofemur with row of tawny, stiff hairs. Venter densely pubescent throughout, with greater proportion of white hairs than tawny. Mesosternum with broad mesocoxal process without lateral projections into mesocoxae. Fifth sternite of both sexes truncate, broadly impressed at middle of apical third in females. Etymology. This beautiful species of Ataxia is named after Frank Hovore (1945–2006) with appreciation for his contributions to the study of Cerambycidae. Frank was a tireless colleague with a profound enthusiasm for longhorned beetles. The cerambycid community will miss Frank greatly. The epithet is a noun in apposition. Discussion. The only species with which this can be confused are Ataxia alboscutellata Fisher 1926 (Fig. 1i) and Ataxia spinipennis (Chevrolat 1862). We have examined the types or type photographs of both species and they are similarly robust and share with A. hovorei the laterally multituberculate pronotum, dorsal color, and scutellum and postmedial pronotum with bright white pubescence. Ataxia alboscutellata and A. spinipennis differ in having bright white pubescence with numerous glabrous spots on the femora and venter (only few, if any glabrous spots are present in A. hovorei, and the pubescence is mottled, not bright white); in having the scape and basal antennomeres with numerous, large, glabrous spots; in lacking a thin, longitudinal line of white pubescence at anterior middle of the pronotum and middle of the occiput (present in A. hovorei); in having on the elytra, uniformly orange pubescence, interrupted by speckled small white patches instead of vague and narrow alternating longitudinal orange and white lines of pubescence as in A. hovorei; and in having the outer elytral apices with a spine (truncate in A. hovorei). Ataxia haitiensis Fisher 1932, to which this species is only marginally similar, is much smaller and narrower, has a complete median longitudinal line of white pubescence on the pronotum, has the pronotum without lateral tubercles, and has strongly, obliquely truncate elytral apices. Color habitus photographs of the holotypes of A. alboscutellata and A. haitiensis were provided by Lingafelter and Nearns (2004). Type Material. Holotype, male: ‘‘ Dominican Republic, La Altagracia Province, Punta Cana near Ecological Reserve, 0–5 m, 18 ° 30.477 9 N, 68 ° 22.499 9 W, 2–7 July 2005, S. Lingafelter’ ’ (USNM). Paratypes (9): (same data as holotype unless otherwise specified): (1 female, USNM); 5 July 2005, beating (1 female, WIBF); Barahona Province, 11 km south Barahona, May 6–17, 1985, E. Giesbert, Coll. (2 females, 1 male, EFGC); same data except 15–17 May 1985, J. E. Wappes (1 female, JEWC); La Altagracia Province, Boca de Yuma, 3–20 m, beating, Nearns & Lingafelter 27 June 2005 (1 female, 1 male, ENPC); Peravia, 12 km southeast Rio Ocoa, 9 July 1996, Coll. M. C. Thomas (1 female, FSCA).Published as part of Ivie, Michael A. & Spiessberger, Erich L., 2007, Clarification of the Correct Original Spelling of Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Gnathidiini: Anopidiina), pp. 177-191 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 61 (2) on pages 177-191, DOI: 10.1649/001

Enoclerus franki Barr and Rifkind 2007, new species

<i>Enoclerus franki</i> Barr and Rifkind, new species <p>(Fig. 1)</p> <p> <b>Type Material.</b> Holotype female: labeled Risquetout Rd Pk. 15, French Guiana, ii-5- [19] 94, F. T. Hovore. Holotype deposited in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. (CASC). Five paratypes: 1 male and 1 female: same data as holotype; FRENCH GUIANA: 1 female, Route de Kaw, Pk. 47, ii-18-1994, F. T. Hovore, coll.; 1 male, Risquetout Rd, Pk. 4, i-27-28-1995, E. Giesbert, F. Hovore; 1 female, Route à Kaw, Pk. 38, viii-20-1995, E. Giesbert, J. Wappes. Paratypes deposited in JNRC and WFBC.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> The smooth and shining body surfaces, lack of conspicuous pubescence and the presence of three pairs of distinctive elytral markings make this species readily recognizable. It is somewhat similar in appearance to <i>Enoclerus notatus</i> (Klug), but that species has the elytra distinctly, densely punctate and pubescent, and the head black.</p> <p> <b>Description</b> (Holotype). <i>Length</i>: 5.52 mm. <i>Width</i> (across humeri): 1.75 mm. Conspicuously tricolored, smooth and shining above (Fig. 1). <i>Color</i>: head testaceous with vertex broadly, faintly, irregularly brown; antennae with scape and pedicel testaceous, remaining antennomeres black; mouthparts testaceous, except mandibles black; pronotum uniformly testaceous; elytra black, with three pairs of conspicuous, eburneous markings; ventral surface with prosternum and mesosternum testaceous, metasternum black; anterior and middle legs with trochanters pale yellow, femora and tibiae testaceous (tibial carinae dark brown), tarsi brown; posterior legs tricolored as follows: trochanters pale yellow, femora brown, tibiae and tarsi nearly black; abdomen black. <i>Head</i>: nearly as wide as pronotum, impunctate, slightly swollen in front, except frons bears a pair of shallow, longer than broad, punctate depressions; surface with short, subrecumbent and suberect, inconspicuous pale setae, intermixed with longer, suberect, black setae; eyes small, located laterally, emargination subtriangular, shallow and broad; antennae short, flagellum sparsely, inconspicuously pubescent, length of flagellum subequal to combined length of antennomeres 3–5, pedicel subovate, antennomeres 3–6 filiform, 7–8 slightly expanded apically, club subflattened, last antennomere ovate, rounded apically. <i>Pronotum</i>: as long as broad, impunctate, faintly wrinkled anteriorly; surface sparsely clothed with short, subrecumbent and suberect, white setae and with long, erect and suberect, black setae; anterior transverse impression shallow, faintly indicated, bowed posteriorly; sides, when viewed from above, faintly sinuate anteriorly, well-rounded medially and curved posteriorly to the narrowed, transversely cristate posterior collar. <i>Scutellum</i>: bicolored, smooth and shining, sides nearly parallel, apex broadly rounded. <i>Elytra</i>: slightly broader across humeri than pronotal width across middle, slightly more than 2X longer than width across humeri; surface very finely, densely and inconspicuously roughened, but of shining appearance; pubescence consisting of short, suberect and subrecumbent, densely placed, fine, black setae that appear silvery at certain angles, and longer, suberect, stiff, scattered, black setae; eburneous markings large and irregularly margined: first pair ovate, longer than broad and located immediately behind front margin of elytra, extending beyond apex of scutellum; second pair ovate, longer than broad, obliquely positioned at about basal third of elytra, extending from near lateral margin to near elytral suture; third pair irregularly transverse, broader than long, located behind elytral middle, extending from lateral margin to elytral suture. <i>Metasternum</i>: swollen, surface nearly smooth and bearing an indistinct concentration of short, subrecumbent silvery setae on each side. <i>Legs</i>: femora of anterior pair slightly swollen, surface nearly smooth, clothed with short, subrecumbent and erect, silvery setae; tibiae roughened, carinae distinct, not quite attaining apex; middle and hind pairs of legs with femora less swollen, surfaces distinctly roughened, and with carinae and pubescence similar to those of front legs. <i>Abdomen</i>: shining, faintly punctate, indistinctly clothed with short, subrecumbent, fine, silvery setae; apical tergite slightly swollen and impunctate, apical margin semicircularly rounded, overlapping apical sternite and with a concentration of long and short black setae; apical sternite similar to apical tergite, but lacking apical pubescence.</p> <p> <b>Variation.</b> Available specimens of this handsome species exhibit little variation.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> French Guiana.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is dedicated to the memory of Frank T. Hovore, collector of most of the type series.</p> <p>198</p>Published as part of <i>Ivie, Michael A. & Spiessberger, Erich L., 2007, Clarification of the Correct Original Spelling of Caecomenimopsis jamaicensis Dajoz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae: Gnathidiini: Anopidiina), pp. 195-199 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 61 (2)</i> on pages 195-199, DOI: 10.1649/0010, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10110460">http://zenodo.org/record/10110460</a&gt