Razão de chances de troca de treinadores no campeonato brasileiro em relação aos principais campeonatos europeus

Há realmente uma troca exacerbada de treinadores no Campeonato Brasileiro ao comparar com as principais ligas europeias de futebol? Devido às críticas sobre a grande rotatividade de treinadores de futebol profissional no Brasil este estudo tem como objetivo comparar a chance de um treinador de futebol profissional da série A do campeonato brasileiro ser demitido em comparação com as quatro principais ligas de futebol da Europa. A elite do futebol mundial compõe os campeonatos: Inglês, Espanhol, Brasileiro, Alemão e Italiano, assim, foi enumerado a quantidade de trocas de treinadores em cada equipe profissional durante o campeonato nacional de pontos corridos, atribuído uma pontuação pelo desempenho da equipe e feito um ranking das 20 maiores pontuações de equipe de cada campeonato nacional no período de 10 anos consecutivos pré-pandemia. Todos os dados foram tabulados em uma planilha ad hoc, após isso, foi feito uma inspeção destes dados por meio de análise estatística descritiva e, por fim, utilizou-se uma regressão logística multinomial. Foi constatado que a média do número de treinadores em equipes brasileiras é significativamente maior comparado às equipes europeias e, desse modo, há uma chance de até 44,9% maior do treinador ser trocado no campeonato brasileiro em relação aos outros campeonatos analisados.Is there really an exacerbated change of coaches in the Brazilian Championship when compared to the main European football leagues? Evaluated the criticisms about the high turnover of professional soccer coaches in Brazil, this study aims to compare the chance of a professional soccer coach from the A series of the Brazilian championship being fired compared to the four main soccer leagues in Europe. The world football elite composes the championships: English, Spanish, Brazilian, German and Italian, thus, the number of changes of coaches in each professional team during the national championship of running points was enumerated, attributed a score for the team's performance and achieved a ranking of the top 20 team scores from each national championship for 10 consecutive years. All data were tabulated in an ad hoc spreadsheet, after that, a trip of these data was made through descriptive statistical analysis and, finally, a multinomial logistic regression was used. It was found that the average number of coaches in Brazilian teams is higher compared to European teams and thus, there is up to a 44.9% greater chance of the coach being changed in the Brazilian championship compared to other forced championships

Enzymatically crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels for tissue engineering

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1999.Includes bibliographical references.by Jeffrey J. Sperinde.Ph.D

Indications for the Nonexistence of Three-Neutron Resonances near the Physical Region

The pending question of the existence of three-neutron resonances near the physical energy region is reconsidered. Finite rank neutron-neutron forces are used in Faddeev equations, which are analytically continued into the unphysical energy sheet below the positive real energy axis. The trajectories of the three-neutron S-matrix poles in the states of total angular momenta and parity J^\pi=1/2 +- and J^\pi= 3/2 +- are traced out as a function of artificial enhancement factors of the neutron-neutron forces. The final positions of the S-matrix poles removing the artificial factors are found in all cases to be far away from the positive real energy axis, which provides a strong indication for the nonexistence of nearby three-neutron resonances. The pole trajectories close to the threshold E=0 are also predicted out of auxiliary generated three-neutron bound state energies using the Pad\'e method and agree very well with the directly calculated ones.Comment: 20 pages, 7 Postscript figures, fig.1 is corrected, uses relax.st

Searching for three-nucleon resonances

We search for three-neutron resonances which were predicted from pion double charge exchange experiments on He-3. All partial waves up to J=5/2 are nonresonant except the J=3/2^+ one, where we find a state at E=14 MeV energy with 13 MeV width. The parameters of the mirror state in the three-proton system are E=15 MeV and Gamma=14 MeV. The possible existence of an excited state in the triton, which was predicted from a H(He-6,alpha) experiment, is also discussed.Comment: LaTex with RevTe

Resonances in the three-neutron system

A study of 3-body resonances has been performed in the framework of configuration space Faddeev equations. The importance of keeping a sufficient number of terms in the asymptotic expansion of the resonance wave function is pointed out. We investigated three neutrons interacting in selected force components taken from realistic nn forces.Comment: 38 pages, 11 tables, 4 figure

Detection of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) Ligand-c-MET Receptor Activation in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin Embedded Specimens by a Novel Proximity Assay

Aberrant activation of membrane receptors frequently occurs in human carcinomas. Detection of phosphorylated receptors is commonly used as an indicator of receptor activation in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens. FFPE is a standard method of specimen preparation used in the histological analysis of solid tumors. Due to variability in FFPE preparations and the labile nature of protein phosphorylation, measurements of phospho-proteins are unreliable and create ambiguities in clinical interpretation. Here, we describe an alternative, novel approach to measure receptor activation by detecting and quantifying ligand-receptor complexes in FFPE specimens. We used hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-c-MET as our model ligand-receptor system. HGF is the only known ligand of the c-MET tyrosine kinase receptor and HGF binding triggers c-MET phosphorylation. Novel antibody proximity-based assays were developed and used to detect and quantify total c-MET, total HGF, and HGF-c-MET ligand-receptor interactions in FFPE cell line and tumor tissue. In glioma cells, autocrine activation of c-MET by HGF-c-MET increased basal levels of c-MET phosphorylation at tyrosine (Tyr) 1003. Furthermore, HGF-c-MET activation in glioma cell lines was verified by Surface Protein-Protein Interaction by Crosslinking ELISA (SPPICE) assay in corresponding soluble cell lysates. Finally, we profiled levels o

Differential survival following trastuzumab treatment based on quantitative HER2 expression and HER2 homodimers in a clinic-based cohort of patients with metastatic breast cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We have recently described the correlation between quantitative measures of HER2 expression or HER2 homodimers by the HERmark assay and objective response (RR), time-to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS) in an expanded access cohort of trastuzumab-treated HER2-positive patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who were stringently selected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Multivariate analyses suggested a continuum of HER2 expression that correlated with outcome following trastuzumab. Here we investigate the relationship between HER2 expression or HER2 homodimers and OS in a clinic-based population of patients with MBC selected primarily by IHC.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>HERmark, a proximity-based assay designed to detect and quantitate protein expression and dimerization in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, was used to measure HER2 expression and HER2 homodimers in FFPE samples from patients with MBC. Assay results were correlated with OS using univariate Kaplan-Meier, hazard function plots, and multivariate Cox regression analyses.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Initial analyses revealed a parabolic relationship between continuous measures of HER2 expression and risk of death, suggesting that the assumption of linearity for the HER2 expression measurements may be inappropriate in subsequent multivariate analyses. Cox regression analyses using the categorized variable of HER2 expression level demonstrated that higher HER2 levels predicted better survival outcomes following trastuzumab treatment in the high HER2-expressing group.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These data suggest that the quantitative amount of HER2 expression measured by Hermark may be a new useful marker to identify a more relevant target population for trastuzumab treatment in patients with MBC.</p