In the Same Stand with the People: Literature of the Urals in the Years of the Great Patriotic War

The article presents the creative contribution of the writers’ organizations of the Urals to the defeat of the fascist aggressors. The article analyzes the works of prose, poetry and journalism of the war years, written by the Ural and evacuated writers. Shown is their social and political activities in extreme conditions of war. It was concluded that despite a certain ideological conjuncture, the works of the wartime reflected the thoughts and feelings of millions of participants in the Great Patriotic War, showed their selflessness, stamina and will, illuminated their heroic deeds.В статье представлен творческий вклад писательских организаций Урала в разгром фашистских агрессоров. Проанализированы произведения прозы, поэзии и публицистики военных лет, написанные уральскими и эвакуированными литераторами. Показана их общественно-политическая деятельность в экстремальных условиях войны. Сделан вывод, что, несмотря на определенную идеологическую конъюнктурность, произведения военной поры отражали мысли и чувства миллионов участников Великой Отечественной войны, показывали проявляемые ими самоотверженность, стойкость и волю, освещали их героические подвиги

Patterns of the block approach for structure analysis of chemical elements and issues in materials science

The authors developed a notion of the three-dimensional matrix of chemical elements, which made it possible to eliminate the main disadvantages of tabular forms of the structure of chemical elements developed by D.I. Mendeleev and the international community of IUPAC chemists. The three-dimensional structure is represented as an expanding conic matrix. At the same time, all known chemical elements up to number 118 are combined into four blocks. The block-structure made it possible to substantiate an electron-level formula, even for the proposed new chemical elements of the 5th block E with numbers 119 through 218. This allows for the development of a digital model for calculating interactions of chemical elements and obtaining new types of compounds and materials

Submental Myodermal Flap in Buccal Reconstruction after Extended Combined Resection

Background. Oral mucosal cancer is the most prevalent squamous cell cancer of head and neck, with 6,723 cases registered in Russia, including 94 per Volgograd Region, in 2018. A high tumour advancement and complex topography of the surgical area result in extensive soft-tissue defects and impaired swallowing, chewing and speech.Aim. Efficacy assessment of submental myodermal flap application in buccal reconstruction after extended combined oncological resections.Materials and methods. Submental myodermal flap was used as a buccal reconstruction technique in 112 patients aged 42 to 75 years during 2015–2020. Surgery for primary tumour was performed in 88 cases, and in 24 — for recurrence after radiotherapy or surgical excision.Results and discussion. A six-year experience of the submental myodermal flap usage in reconstructive surgery allowed evidently wider indications for extensive oral resection combined with extended, also bilateral, lymphadenectomy. Clinical records on the technique application in primary and recurrent cancer are presented.Conclusion. The submental myodermal flap technique in combination with extended or extended combined surgery for oral mucosal cancer notably increases the tumour resectability at this location and improves function restore in patients. The method widens indications for higher-volume operative aid, considerably reduces postoperative complications and holds a promise to enable more radical surgery. This plastic surgery technique is aesthetic and effectively repairs speech and digestive functions, bringing improvement to the patients’ quality of life and social adaptation

Relative luminosity measurement of the LHC with the ATLAS forward calorimeter

In this paper it is shown that a measurement of the relative luminosity changes at the LHC may be obtained by analysing the currents drawn from the high voltage power supplies of the electromagnetic section of the forward calorimeter of the ATLAS detector. The method was verified with a reproduction of a small section of the ATLAS forward calorimeter using proton beams of known beam energies and variable intensities at the U-70 accelerator at IHEP in Protvino, Russia. The experimental setup and the data taking during a test beam run in April 2008 are described in detail. A comparison of the measured high voltage currents with reference measurements from beam intensity monitors shows a linear dependence on the beam intensity. The non-linearities are measured to be less than 0.5 % combining statistical and systematic uncertainties.Comment: 16 page

Construction, assembly and testing of the ATLAS hadronic end-cap calorimeter

The construction and assembly of the four wheels of the ATLAS hadronic end-cap calorimeter and their insertion into the two end-cap cryostats are described. The results of the qualification tests prior to installation of the two cryostats in the ATLAS experimental cavern are reviewed

Моделирование процесса смешения теплоносителя в опускном участке и напорной камере смешения ВВЭР-1200 (В-491)

The most representative accident scenario is determined and a physical and mathematical model is developed for studying the mixing of non-isothermal coolant flows in the structural elements of the V-491 reactor facility (VVER-1200), in which the motion of the medium is described in a three-dimensional non-stationary formulation. Based on the analytical estimates of the list of initiating events, a scenario was chosen with the connection of an idle loop of the main circulation pipeline to three operating ones without a preliminary power reduction. A computational algorithm and a numerical method have been developed for the computational analysis of the selected accident scenario and the justification of the safety of operation of the V-491 reactor facility (VVER-1200). During the numerical simulation, the RANS method was used, which consists in solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations, the continuity equation and the energy equation. The SST k–ω model of turbulence by Florian Menter is used to close the equations. The verification of the developed physical and mathematical model and calculation procedure was carried out by modeling thermohydraulic processes in models with both a relatively simple geometric design (tee connection) and in a scale model of the reactor vessel (ROCOM experiment), including a lowering section and a pressure mixing chamber. The qualitative agreement of the numerical simulation results with the available data of physical experiments is shown. The results of numerical simulation of the mixing process of non-isothermal coolant flows in the section from the branch pipe of the “cold” thread of the main circulation pipeline to the lower boundary of the fuel of the VVER-1200 core (V-491) are presented. It is shown that the heterogeneity in the temperature distribution at the entrance to the core manifests itself up to 15.5 s of the calculated accident scenario. For calculations the following code coupling were used: Ansys Fluent/Rainbow-TPP.Определен наиболее представительный аварийный сценарий и разработана физико-математическая модель для исследования смешения неизотермических потоков теплоносителя в конструктивных элементах реакторной установки В-491 (ВВЭР-1200), в которой движение среды описывается в трехмерной нестационарной постановке. Исходя из аналитических оценок перечня исходных событий, выбран сценарий с подключением неработающей петли главного циркуляционного трубопровода к трем работающим без предварительного снижения мощности. Разработаны расчетная методика и численный метод для анализа выбранного аварийного сценария и обоснования безопасности эксплуатации реакторной установки В-491 (ВВЭР-1200). При проведении численного моделирования использован метод RANS, заключающийся в решении осредненных по Рейнольдсу уравнений Навье–Стокса, уравнения неразрывности и уравнения энергии. Для замыкания уравнений использована SST k–ω модель турбулентности Флориана Ментера. Проведена верификация разработанной физико-математической модели и процедуры расчета посредством моделирования теплогидравлических процессов в моделях как с относительно простой геометрической конструкцией (тройниковое соединение), так и в масштабной модели корпуса реактора (эксперимент ROCOM), включающего опускной участок и напорную камеру смешения. Показано качественное согласование численных результатов моделирования с доступными данными физических экспериментов. Представлены результаты численного моделирования процесса смешения неизотермических потоков теплоносителя на участке от патрубка «холодной» нитки главного циркуляционного трубопровода до нижней границы топлива активной зоны ВВЭР-1200 (В-491). Показано, что неоднородность в распределении температуры на входе в активную зону проявляется до 15,5 с расчетного аварийного сценария. При выполнении вычислений использовалась связка специализированных расчетных средств Ansys Fluent/Rainbow-TPP

“Weapons of great victories”: arms production in the Urals as a factor the power of Russia

В докладе рассматривается роль Урала в военном производстве России и его вклад в победы национальных вооруженных сил на протяжении всей истории нашего государства.The report examines the role of the Urals military production Russia and its contribution to the victory of the national armed forces throughout the history of our state.Работа выполнена по бюджетной теме № 0120136 и программе ОФИ № 13-6-006-СГ

The Second Patriotic War: Myths, Realities, Historical Parallels

Рукопись поступила в редакцию 7 августа 2014 г.В статье рассматриваются устойчивые стереотипы относительно характера Первой мировой войны, оценки хода военных действий, деятельности русских военачальников, руководства страной, поведения народных масс и т. п., сложившиеся в научной литературе, а также в публицистике и исторической памяти за 100 лет, прошедших после ее начала. На основе исследования историографического процесса и фактического материала из военной истории автором проводятся исторические параллели, которые прослеживаются в общественном сознании россиян между Отечественной войной 1812 г., Первой мировой войной и Великой Отечественной войной.The author examines persistent stereotypes concerning the role of Russian army, of its military leaders and political government, publicized through journalism and present in research literature. The study of historiography in comparison with current research on military history allows the author to draw historical parallels between the changes in the views of Russian public on the Patriotic War of 1812, on the First World War and on the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945.Работа выполнена по бюджетной теме № 0120136 и программе ОИФН РАН № 12-Т-6-1003