Use of endovascular and combined interventions in obliterating occlusive-stenotic arterial diseases of the lower limbs

КРОВЕНОСНЫХ СОСУДОВ БОЛЕЗНИПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ АРТЕРИЙКРИТИЧЕСКАЯ ИШЕМИЯ КОНЕЧНОСТЕЙАНГИОПЛАСТИКА БАЛЛОННАЯСТЕНТЫ /ИСПГИБРИДНЫЕ ПРОЦЕДУРЫЦель. Улучшить результаты лечения пациентов с окклюзионно-стенотическими поражениями артерий нижних конечностей, при которых открытые операции невозможны или сопряжены с высоким риском, путем применения эндоваскулярных вмешательств. Материал и методы. Пролечены 53 пациента, которым эндоваскулярно реваскуляризированы разные сегменты артерий нижних конечностей (I группа – аорто-подвздошный с/без бедренно-подколенного; IIА – бедренно-подколенный; IIБ – бедренно-подколенный и инфрапоплитеальный; III – инфрапоплитеальный) с/без дополнительных открытых операций на иных сегментах. В течение года оценивали технический успех процедур; первичную и вторичную проходимость зон вмешательства, частоту сохранения и степень ишемии конечностей. Результаты. Технический успех достигнут у 94,3% пациентов, однолетняя вторичная проходимость – у 92,5%, сохранение конечностей – у 96,2%. В I группе, где 60% пациентам проведены гибридные операции (эндоваскулярный этап – на аорто-подвздошном сегменте), позитивный технический результат получен у всех пациентов; в течение 1 года тромбозов стентов, некротических процессов, ишемии выше IIА степени (Fontaine) не наблюдалось. Идентичные результаты получены во IIА группе. В III группе, основу которой составили больные с тотальной окклюзией магистральных артерий голени и стопы или тотальным циркулярным кальцинозом их постокклюзионных сегментов, технический успех составил 84,6%, однолетняя первичная проходимость – 76,9%, а сохранение конечности – 100%. Во IIБ группе эти показатели составили 91,7, 75,0 и 83,3%, соответственно. Заключение. Взвешенное применение эндоваскулярных вмешательств при стенозах и окклюзиях артерий нижних конечностей позволяет достичь технического успеха, первичной и вторичной проходимости зоны интереса и однолетнего сохранения конечности у 88,7-96,2% пациентов. Эндоваскулярное лечение может быть рекомендован как метод выбора при полной окклюзии магистральных артерий голени и стопы, тотальном циркулярном кальцинозе их постокклюзионных сегментов и для реваскуляризации аорто-подвздошного сегмента при его сочетанных поражениях с бедренно-подколенным сегментом при гибридных операциях.Objective. To improve the results of treatment in patients with lower limb artery occlusive-stenotic diseases, where open operations are impossible or involve a high risk, by using endovascular interventions. Methods. 53 patients have been treated, they underwent endovascular revascularization of lower limb artery different segments (I group – aortoiliac with or without femoropopliteal; IIА – femoropopliteal; IIB – femoropopliteal and infrapopliteal; III – infrapopliteal) with/without of the additional open operations on other segments. During the year a technical success of the procedures, the primary and secondary patency of intervention zones, the frequency of conservation and the degree of limb ischemia were assessed. Results. The technical success was achieved in 94.3% of patients, 1-year secondary patency was achieved in 92.5%, the preservation of the lower limbs was achieved in 96.2%. In group I, where 60% of patients underwent hybrid operations (endovascular stage - on aortoiliac segment), a positive technical result was obtained in all the patients; stent thrombosis, necrotic processes, ischemia above grade IIA (Fontaine) were not observed during one year. Identical results were obtained in the IIA group. In the III group, which was based on patients with total occlusion of the lower leg and foot main arteries or total circular calcification of their post-occlusal segments, the technical success was 84.6%, the one-year primary patency was 76.9%, and limb salvage was 100%. In Group IIB these indicators were 91.7, 75.0 and 83.3%, respectively. Conclusions. The careful application of endovascular interventions in stenosis and occlusions of the lower limbs arteries allows achieving technical success, primary and secondary patency of the revascularization zone and one-year limb salvage in 88.7-96.2% of patients. Endovascular treatment can be recommended as the method of choice in complete occlusion of the lower leg and foot main arteries, total circular calcification of their post-occlusal segments and for revascularization of aortoiliac segment in case of its combined lesions with the femoropopliteal segment at hybrid operations

Heart failure in Europe: Guideline-directed medical therapy use and decision making in chronic and acute, pre-existing and de novo, heart failure with reduced, mildly reduced, and preserved ejection fraction – the ESC EORP Heart Failure III Registry

Aims We analysed baseline characteristics and guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) use and decisions in theEuropean Society of Cardiology (ESC) Heart Failure (HF) III Registry. Methods and results Between1November 2018and31December 2020,10162 patients with acute HF (AHF, 39%, age 70 [62-79],36% women) or outpatient visit for HF (61%, age 66 [58-75], 33% women), with HF with reduced (HFrEF, 57%),mildly reduced (HFmrEF,17%) or preserved (HFpEF, 26%) ejection fraction were enrolled from 220 centres in 41European or ESC-affiliated countries. With AHF, 97% were hospitalized, 2.2% received intravenous treatment in theemergency department, and 0.9% received intravenous treatment in an outpatient clinic. AHF was seen by most bya general cardiologist (51%) and outpatient HF most by a HF specialist (48%). A majority had been hospitalized forHF before, but 26% of AHF and 6.1% of outpatient HF had de novo HF. Baseline use, initiation and discontinuation ofGDMT varied according to AHF versus outpatient HF, de novo versus pre-existing HF, and by ejection fraction. Afterthe AHF event or outpatient HF visit, use of any renin-angiotensin system inhibitor, angiotensin receptor-neprilysininhibitor, beta-blocker, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist and loop diuretics was 89%, 29%, 92%, 78%, and 85%in HFrEF; 89%, 9.7%, 90%, 64%, and 81% in HFmrEF; and 77%, 3.1%, 80%, 48%, and 80% in HFpEF. ConclusionUse and initiation of GDMT was high in cardiology centres in Europe, compared to previous reports from cohortsand registries including more primary care and general medicine and regions more local or outside of Europe andESC-affiliated countries....................................