A utilização do computador no processo de ensinar-aprender cálculo: a constituição de grupos de ensino com pesquisa no interior da universidade

Este trabalho, além de relacionar um breve histórico de trabalhos e análises de experiências, sobretudo brasileiras, relacionadas com ensino e aprendizagem de cálculo com o uso de computadores em diversos ambientes, exibe o que se verificou ser um diferencial marcante na obtenção de resultados positivos: as negociações necessárias dentro do grupo de professores, auxiliares e monitores em termos da definição de estratégias didáticas, de posturas pedagógicas e de ênfases docentes

TRABALHO COLABORATIVO NO USO DE SOFTWARE DE GEOMETRIA DINÂMICA

The school, as the teacher, does not live isolated, but inserted in a context that should be used in favor of its development, and the professional development of its teachers. Thus, this study sought to examine the importance of interactions between teachers, promoting a collaborative professional culture sharing doubts and uncertainties to achieve a common goal, promote effective learning of geometry through technologies. For this study a mining project that had the partnership between school and university the important structure for debate and discussion on the use of new technologies for math teaching aid / geometry. This text reflects a qualitative research, which a weekly monitoring in the empirical field represented by the school's computer lab, where took place the majority of the proposed activities.La escuela y el maestro no vive aislado, sino que se inserta en un contexto que se debe utilizar en favor de su desarrollo, y el desarrollo profesional de sus profesores. Por lo tanto, este estudio trató de examinar la importancia de las interacciones entre los maestros, la promoción de un profesional de colaboración de intercambio de la cultura dudas e incertidumbres para lograr un objetivo común, promover el aprendizaje efectivo de la geometría a través de las tecnologías. Para este estudio un proyecto minero que tuvo la colaboración entre la escuela y la universidad de la estructura importante para el debate y la discusión sobre el uso de las nuevas tecnologías para la enseñanza de matemáticas ayuda / geometría. Este texto refleja una investigación cualitativa, que se utilizó dun seguimiento semanal en el campo empírico representada por el laboratorio de computación de la escuela, donde tuvo lugar la mayor parte de las actividades propuestas.A escola, assim como todos que a compõem, não vive isolada, mas inserida num contexto que deve ser usado a favor de seu desenvolvimento, e para o desenvolvimento profissional de seus docentes. Nesse sentido, este trabalho buscou examinar a importância das interações entre professores, promovendo uma cultura profissional colaborativa que partilhe dúvidas e incertezas, para alcançar um objetivo em comum, e promover um aprendizado eficaz da geometria, por meio da interação com as tecnologias, tão presentes fora dos muros da escola. Assim, analisamos um projeto mineiro que apresentou, na parceria entre escola e universidade, a estrutura de debate e discussão sobre o uso das novas tecnologias para o auxílio de ensino de matemática/geometria. Este texto apresenta uma pesquisa qualitativa, com acompanhamento semanal no campo empírico representado pelo laboratório de informática da escola, onde aconteceram a maioria das atividades propostas

Formação de professores por meio da aula investigativa / Teacher training through research class

Este texto refere-se a um relato de experiência de uma aula investigativa ministrada por uma estudante do curso de Matemática da Faculdade de Matemática (FAMAT) no campo de estágio supervisionado. Por meio deste buscamos compartilhar esta experiência, a fim de disseminar uma boa prática educativa e receber sugestões de melhora para a mesma, contribuindo, desta maneira, com a formação docente. A aula investigativa, implementada com estudantes do 9º ano de uma escola pública, trabalhou o conteúdo de equações do segundo grau e foi desenvolvida dentro e fora da sala de aula

A utilização do computador no processo de ensinar-aprender Cálculo: a constituição de grupos de ensino com pesquisa no interior da universidadeUse of computer in the process of teaching-learning Calculus: a constitution of teaching groups with research within the universityp.113-148

Este trabalho, além de relacionar um breve histórico de trabalhos e análises de experiências, sobretudo brasileiras, relacionadas com ensino e aprendizagem de cálculo com o uso de computadores em diversos ambientes, exibe o que se verificou ser um diferencial marcante na obtenção de resultados positivos: as negociações necessárias dentro do grupo de professores, auxiliares e monitores em termos da definição de estratégias didáticas, de posturas pedagógicas e de ênfases docentes. Abstract In this paper, besides presenting a brief list of historically relevant analyses of previous experiences, specially in Brazil, with teaching and learning calculus with the aid of computers in several technological environments, the authors highlight what was verified to be an important factor in obtaining positive results: the necessary agreements the had to be reached by teachers, teaching assistants and tutors in terms of defining teaching strategies, pedagogical decisions and classroom emphases

Reaction of the lateral periodontium of dogs' teeth to contaminated and noncontaminated perforations filled with mineral trioxide aggregate

It has been shown that the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) used to seal lateral/furcal perforations stimulates the deposition of newly formed cementum. Nevertheless, when the site of the perforation is contaminated, the healing process might occur under less favorable conditions. This study evaluated the repair healing process of noncontaminated and contaminated lateral perforations filled with MTA and the effect of previously filling the contaminated perforations with a bactericidal agent. Thirty lateral root perforations were prepared in endodontically treated dog's teeth, thus forming 3 groups with 10 specimens each. In group 1 the perforations were immediately sealed with MTA. In group 2 the perforations were left open for 7 days and thereafter sealed with MTA. In group 3 the perforations were left open for 7 days, filled temporarily with a calcium hydroxide-based paste for 14 days, and then sealed with MTA. The animals were killed after 90 days, and the pieces were prepared for histomorphologic and histomicrobiologic evaluations. The statistical analysis showed that group 1 had significantly better repair than groups 2 (P .05). There were a larger number of cases of complete or partial biologic seal in group 1 compared with the contaminated groups. It might be concluded that the lateral root perforations sealed with MTA after contamination presented worse repair than the noncontaminated, immediately sealed perforations. The temporary filling with a bactericidal agent (calcium hydroxide-based paste) did not improve the repair of perforations exposed to contamination, and the contaminated groups presented similar results to each other

Alterações oculares em crianças pré-escolares e escolares no município de Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

OBJETIVO: Estabelecer a prevalência das alterações oculares, no ano de 2001, em crianças pré-escolares e escolares no município de Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional do tipo transversal, durante campanha de saúde ocular na rede pública de ensino. Crianças com acuidade visual inferior a 0,8 ou com anormalidades foram triadas por voluntários treinados para serem avaliadas por oftalmologistas no Instituto Benjamin Constant. RESULTADOS: Avaliadas 1.800 crianças do total. Destas, 609 (33,83%) foram encaminhadas ao IBC. Houve 491 (27,28% do total e 80,62% das crianças triadas) que receberam alta por apresentarem visão melhor que 0,8. A prevalência das alterações oculares foi de 3,35%. (ambliopia teve prevalência de 2,00%, estrabismo teve 0,33% e outras causas 1,02%.). Houve 93 crianças (5,17% do total e 15,27% das crianças triadas) com ametropias que necessitaram de correção através de óculos. CONCLUSÃO: Demonstrou-se a prevalência das principais alterações oftalmológicas infantis no município de Duque de Caxias e ressaltou-se a necessidade de campanhas para bom êxito no desenvolvimento da acuidade visual das crianças

Reaction of rat connective tissue to implanted dentin tubes filled with a white mineral trioxide aggregate.

The purpose of this paper was to study the reaction of rat subcutaneous connective tissue to the implantation of dentin tubes filled with white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), a material that will be marketed. The tubes were implanted into rat subcutaneous tissue and the animals were sacrificed after 7 and 30 days. The undecalcified pieces were prepared for histological analysis with polarized light and von Kossa technique for mineralized tissues. Granulations birefringent to polarized light and an irregular structure like a bridge were observed next to the material; both were von Kossa positive. Also, in the dentin wall tubules a layer of birefringent granulations was observed. The results were similar to those reported for gray MTA, indicating that the mechanisms of action of the white and gray MTA are similar

Reaction of rat connective tissue to implanted dentin tubes filled with mineral trioxide aggregate or calcium hydroxide

This study was conducted to observe the rat subcutaneous connective tissue reaction to the implanted dentin tubes filled with calcium hydroxide or mineral trioxide aggregate. The animals were sacrificed after 7 and 30 days, and the specimens were prepared for morphological study. Some undecalcified specimens were prepared for histological analysis with polarized light and Von Kossa technique for calcium. The results were similar for both studied materials. At the tube openings, there were Von Kossa-positive granules that were birefringent to polarized light. Next to these granulations, there was an irregular tissue like a bridge that was Von Kossa-positive. The dentin walls of the tubes exhibited in the tubules a structure highly birefringent to polarized light, usually like a layer and at different depths. It is possible that the mechanism of action of both materials has some similarity. Copyright © 1999 by The American Association of Endodontists

Reaction of rat connective tissue to implanted dentin tube filled with mineral trioxide aggregate, Portland cement or calcium hydroxide.

The subject of this study was to observe the rat subcutaneous connective tissue reaction to implanted dentin tubes filled with mineral trioxide aggregate, Portland cement or calcium hydroxide. The animals were sacrificed after 7 or 30 days and the undecalcified specimens were prepared for histological analysis with polarized light and Von Kossa technique for mineralized tissues. The results were similar for the studied materials. At the tube openings, there were Von Kossa-positive granules that were birefringent to polarized light. Next to these granulations, there was an irregular tissue like a bridge that was Von Kossa-positive. The dentin walls of the tubes exhibited in the tubules a structure highly birefringent to polarized light, usually like a layer and at different depths. The mechanism of action of the studied materials has some similarity