Lesão pulmonar associada a produto Vaping ou cigarro eletrônico (EVALI) no Brasil: fatores de risco associados e conhecimento da população do triângulo mineiro / E-cigarette or Vaping product use - associated lung injury (EVALI) in Brazil: associated risk factors and knowledge of the triângulo mineiro population

Introdução: A EVALI (Injúria Pulmonar Relacionada ao Uso de Cigarro Eletrônico) é uma doença causada pelo uso do cigarro eletrônico (DEFs) com quadro clínico inespecífico, caracterizado por tosse, dor torácica e dispnéia, mas também pode haver sintomas gerais e do trato gastrointestinal, como diarréia e vômitos. Objetivos: Analisar o real conhecimento da população do Triângulo Mineiro sobre os malefícios do cigarro eletrônico e expor sobre os principais fatores de risco para a EVALI.Método: Estudo analítico e observacional de corte transversal com teor quantitativo, realizado por meio de um questionário eletrônico com 391 participantes voluntários das cidades de Uberlândia, Uberaba e Araguari, no Brasil em 2021.Resultados: Observou-se que cerca de 59,6% dos voluntários declararam possuir pouco conhecimento sobre o tema. 47,31% afirmaram não conhecer nenhum malefício do uso dos DEFs, sendo o malefício mais citado pelos participantes o câncer com 21,48% das respostas. Os indivíduos que fizeram ou fazem uso do dispositivo apresentaram menor conhecimento sobre os reais malefícios de seu uso quando comparados aos não usuários. Conclusão:Evidencia-se o pouco conhecimento dos participantes acerca do cigarro eletrônico e seus malefícios, bem como da EVALI, fazendo-se necessária ampliação dos estudos sobre a doença e maior divulgação para conscientização da população quanto a seus verdadeiros males

A importância do consumo de probióticos e prebióticos para a saúde: uma revisão / The importance of consuming probiotics and prebiotics for health: a review

A sociedade cada vez mais tem buscado adquirir hábitos alimentares mais adequados. Nesta perspectiva, os alimentos funcionais tem um papel relevante por promoverem benefícios adicionais à saúde além de suas atribuições nutricionais básicas, dentre estes alimentos estão os probióticos e os prebióticos. Sendo assim, o objetivo do estudo foi identificar evidências disponíveis na literatura acerca da importância do consumo de probióticos e prebióticos para a saúde. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura, utilizando artigos científicos completos, no idioma português, com dimensão temporal entre 2015 e 2019. Após o refinamento das publicações científicas conforme os critérios de inclusão obtiveram-se dois artigos, os quais evidenciaram que os probióticos apresentam benefícios na formação e função da microbiota intestinal humana e os prebióticos são capazes de inibir a proliferação de microrganismos patogênicos, além disso, o consumo de probióticos e prebióticos modula o perfil inflamatório e atua frente a várias situações clínicas como: doenças gastrointestinais, diabetes mellitus tipo1, doenças cardiovasculares e obesidade. No entanto, faz-se necessário o desenvolvimento de um maior número de estudos a nível nacional que possam versar sobre as vantagens da utilização destes componentes alimentares

ATLANTIC ANTS: a data set of ants in Atlantic Forests of South America

International audienc

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline

Initial invasive or conservative strategy for stable coronary disease

BACKGROUND Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, 121.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 124.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used