20 research outputs found
Profile of dermatological consultations in Brazil (2018)
Background: Dermatological diseases are among the primary causes of the demand for basic health care. Studies on the frequency of dermatoses are important for the proper management of health planning. Objectives: To evaluate the nosological and behavioral profiles of dermatological consultations in Brazil. Methods: The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited all of its members to complete an online form on patients who sought consultations from March 21-26, 2018. The form contained questions about patient demographics, consultation type according to the patient's funding, the municipality of the consultation, diagnosis, treatments and procedures. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions were compared between subgroups. Results: Data from 9629 visits were recorded. The most frequent causes for consultation were acne (8.0%), photoaging (7.7%), nonmelanoma skin cancer (5.4%), and actinic keratosis (4.7%). The identified diseases had distinct patterns with regard to gender, skin color, geographic region, type of funding for the consultation, and age group. Concerning the medical conducts, photoprotection was indicated in 44% of consultations, surgical diagnostic procedures were performed in 7.3%, surgical therapeutic procedures were conducted in 19.2%, and cosmetic procedures were performed in 7.1%. Study limitations: Nonrandomized survey, with a sample period of one week. Conclusion: This research allowed us to identify the epidemiological profiles of the demands of outpatients for dermatologists in various contexts. The results also highlight the importance of aesthetic demands in privately funded consultations and the significance of diseases such as acne, nonmelanoma skin cancer, leprosy, and psoriasis to public health
SubsÃdios para o estudo histopatológico das lesões ungueais
FUNDAMENTOS: Os autores apresentam ampla revisão sobre os fundamentos da biópsia da unidade ungueal, fornecendo bases teóricas sobre anatomia, histologia e histopatologia. Abordam, detalhadamente, as indicações e os objetivos da biópsia da unidade ungueal e as várias técnicas disponÃveis. OBJETIVOS: Definir os locais adequados da biópsia do aparelho ungueal para as diferentes doenças da unha, comparar duas formas de amaciamento da lâmina ungueal, uma utilizando KOH a 20%, outra, solução aquosa de Tween 40 a 10%, e estabelecer uma rotina para o processamento do material de biópsia. MÉTODOS: O grupo de estudo constou de 11 pacientes com doença ungueal, que procuraram o ambulatório de Dermatologia do HUPE/UERJ para esclarecimento diagnóstico. Foi realizado o total de 12 biópsias. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença na dificuldade técnica, em incluir ou cortar o material, consoante ao método de amaciamento utilizado, nem prejuÃzo citológico ou histológico ao exame histopatológico. CONCLUSÕES: Os autores concluÃram que biópsia ungueal é procedimento seguro e eficaz para esclarecer o diagnóstico das doenças ungueais quando o exame clÃnico ou outras técnicas falharam. Também é importante, para quem deseja realizar o procedimento, o conhecimento adequado da anatomia dessa região
Perineurioma esclerosante: relato de caso e revisão da literatura
O perineurioma esclerosante é uma neoplasia benigna rara,constituÃda exclusivamente por células com diferenciação perineural, dispersas em meio a estroma fibroso denso. Acomete preferencialmente a pele dos quirodáctilos e das regiões palmares e se apresenta como pápula ou nódulo firme, normocrômico e assintomático. Apresentamos um caso de perineurioma esclerosante localizado na região palmar esquerda de uma paciente feminina de 16 anos de idade, com detalhada demonstração dos aspectos clÃnicos, histopatologia e revisão da literatura publicada em lÃngua inglesa
Invasive aspergillosis in a user of inhaled cocaine: rhinosinusitis with bone and cartilage destruction
Aspergillosis is an infection caused by saprophytic fungi of the genus Aspergillus, which typically occurs in immunosuppressed individuals, but has also been reported in immunocompetent patients. The main routes of entry are the respiratory tract, skin, cornea, and ear, and the infection may be localized or disseminated by contiguity or vascular invasion. We report a severe case of rhinosinusitis with cutaneous involvement, caused by invasive aspergillosis, in an immunocompetent user of inhaled cocaine. Invasive aspergillosis related to cocaine abuse has not yet been reported in the literature. After itraconazole treatment and surgical debridement, complete clinical remission was achieved. Nasal reconstruction with a skin graft over a silicone prosthesis resulted in a satisfactory esthetic outcome