DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A RADTHERM MODEL TO PREDICT EXHAUST SYSTEM BEHAVIOR FOR A HYBRID XM1124 HMMWV

Accurately predicting component temperatures, and the influence various subsystems have on each other prior to hardware development and testing is an important aspect of the vehicle development process. In this report, a 1-D thermal model is used for predicting the behavior of the exhaust system and underbody area of prototype Hybrid Electric HMMWV XM1124. This prototype vehicle is designed to be capable of exporting up to 15 kW of electrical power to a micro-grid or similar operation. However, in this project instead of exporting power to a micro-grid, 6.5 kW of power was used to charge the batteries and increase the SOC of the battery in standstill condition. This usage scenario results in moderately high engine loads with zero air velocity under the vehicle, leading to potentially extreme underbody temperatures. The thermal modeling of the exhaust system and the vehicle underbody is done using the RadTherm software by ThermoAnalytics Inc. The 1-D thermal modeling tool was used to predict the surface temperature of the exhaust system, underbody surface temperature, and in-cabin floor temperature. The model was calibrated with experimental data providing the appropriate boundary conditions. Validation of the RadTherm model is done by instrumenting the vehicle with thermocouples and measuring temperatures at various points along the exhaust system and vehicle underbody sheet metal. These experimental values are then compared with the values predicted by RadTherm. The calibrated and validated model can be used as a tool to identify potential hot spots in the system to strategically design and place heat shields. This report will describe the details around the development, calibration, and experimental validation of the model

EMPIRICAL ESTIMATION OF THE POTENTIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TOURISM PROMOTION POLICY IN ALGERIA

Objective: The objective of this paper is to empirically assess the economic impact of tourism promotion policies in Algeria. By utilizing an economic model based on the 2021 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) multipliers, the study aims to quantify the direct, indirect, and induced effects of increased tourism demand on various sectors of the national economy. Specifically, the research seeks to evaluate how tourism expenditure influences production, sectoral output, and income distribution, while also identifying which sectors and economic agents benefit the most from tourism growth.   Theoretical Framework: Study is based on the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) approach, which examines the interconnections between sectors of the economy and tracks the flow of income and expenditure. It incorporates input-output theory to measure the direct, indirect, and induced effects of increased tourism demand. The concept of economic multipliers is central, highlighting how tourism spending influences various sectors. Additionally, the framework assesses the distribution of benefits across different economic agents, focusing on how tourism impacts production, sectoral output, and income distribution in Algeria.   Method: This study uses 2021 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) data to analyze tourism demand in Algeria. It develops an economic model, simulates scenarios, and assesses the economic gains and distribution of benefits, providing a comprehensive evaluation.   Results and Discussion: The SAM-based economic model shows that Algeria's tourism demand boosts production and output across sectors, particularly agriculture, hospitality, agri-food, construction, transportation, and energy. However, the benefits are not evenly distributed, potentially leading to income inequality. Policy interventions should focus on equitable income distribution and supporting key industries.   Research Implications: Tourism can drive Algeria's economic diversification, reducing dependence on traditional sectors. Inclusive tourism policies are needed to ensure equitable benefits for wage earners and lower-income groups. Future research should focus on sector investment and employment effects.   Originality/Value: This study analyzes the economic impacts of tourism promotion policies in Algeria, focusing on the 2021 Social Accounting Matrix. It provides insights into the distribution of benefits and emphasizes the need for inclusive policies. The findings provide actionable insights for policy development

Future district heating plant integrated with municipal solid waste (MSW) gasification for hydrogen production

Author's accepted manuscript.Available from 25/05/2021.acceptedVersio

Numerical modeling and validation of hydrothermal liquefaction of a lignin particle for biocrude production

publishedVersio

Gestión de las emociones en el conflicto de pareja: Revisión bibliográfica

The need to learn how to manage the emotions inherent in conflict is an issue that has been gaining importance over time. The importance of normalizing the conflicts at the heart of the family is accepted through the field of positive psychology, and so must learn to manage the emotions inherent to them, as a unique way to resolve conflicts constructively. Reason why the objective of this work was to carry out a literature review of existing information on the subject that concerns us. While the literature about the subject is scarce, it is recent emergence of positive psychology, and mediation as a method of conflict resolution alternative. The search has been made in various databases (EBSCO, ACADEMY SEARCH COMPLETE, and PSYCOARTICLES), from which we got 20 items, including finally selected 11 that best fit the inclusion criteria. Broadly speaking, the review bibliographic distinguish two aspects: the tendency to use emotions negative as inadequate strategies for resolution of conflicts generated hostile reactions that often lead to ruptures or a high level of conflict in the couple. And on the other hand, the need to incorporate in couples competencies and skills so they can acquire positive conflict resolution strategies, as it may be it assertiveness. Finally, a reflection on the necessary presence of emotional intelligence is made to manage emotions in conflict couple, as well as other tools such as positive parenting and education in emotions to ensure a successful conflict resolution for both parties.La necesidad de aprender a gestionar las emociones inherentes a los conflictos de pareja es un tema que ha ido cobrando importancia con el tiempo. A través del campo de la Psicología positiva, se ha aceptado la trascendencia de normalizar los conflictos en el núcleo de la familia y para ello hay que aprender a gestionar las emociones intrínsecas a los mismos, como forma única de resolver los conflictos constructivamente. Razón por la que el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido llevar a cabo una revisión bibliográfica de la información existente sobre el tema que nos concierne. A pesar de que la literatura acerca del tema es escasa, pues es reciente la aparición de la Psicología positiva, y la mediación como método alternativos de resolución de conflictos. La búsqueda se ha efectuado en las diversas bases de datos (EBSCO, ACADEMY SEARCH COMPLETE, PSYCOARTICLES), de las que obtuvimos 20 artículos entre los que finalmente seleccionamos los 11 que mejor se ajustaban a los criterios de inclusión. A grandes rasgos, la revisión bibliográfica realizada distingue dos aspectos: la tendencia a utilizar emociones negativas como estrategias inadecuadas de resolución de conflictos que generan reacciones hostiles que suelen desencadenar en rupturas o un alto nivel de conflictividad latente en la pareja. Y por otro lado, la necesidad de incorporar en las parejas competencias y habilidades para que adquieran estrategias positivas de resolución de conflicto, como puede serlo la asertividad. Por último, se hace una reflexión sobre la necesaria presencia de la Inteligencia emocional para gestionar las emociones en los conflictos de pareja, así como de otras herramientas como la Parentalidad positiva o la educación en emociones para garantizar una resolución de conflictos satisfactoria para ambas partes

Development of net energy ratio and emission factor for quad-generation pathways

Published version of an article in the journal: Energy Systems. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12667-014-0126-4The conversion of biomass to four different outputs via gasification is a renewable technology that could reduce the use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study investigates the energy aspects for a new concept of biomass based quad-generation plant producing power, heat, methanol and methane. Circulating fluidized bed gasifier and the gas technology institute (GTI) gasifier technologies are used for this quad-generation process. Two different biomass feedstocks are considered in this study. The net energy ratio for six different pathways having the range of between 1.3 and 7.2. The lowest limit corresponds to the wood chips-based power, heat, methanol and methane production pathway using GTI technology. Since more efficient alternatives exist for the generation of heat and electricity from biomass, it is argued that syngas is best used for methanol production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the energy performance, reduce GHG and acid rain precursor emission, and use of biomass for different outputs based on demand. Finally, a sensitivity analysis and a comparative study ar conducted for expected technological improvements and factors that could increase the energy performance