Intellectual Property and Patent Rights Protection for Innovators in Jordan

Inventions do not come in one format, so the right holder varies according to the occasion it reaches them. Only the financial rights are transferred to employers while the moral rights remain in the interest of inventors, as they are among rights closely related to personality and may not be waived with or without compensation. The worker's information, which is mainly associated with the establishment activity, becomes a weapon against employers if it falls into the hands of their competitors. Therefore, this research paper aimed to clarify what is meant by the worker and the employer, then define the invention types that the worker reaches during the implementation of the work contract. The study aims to distinguish labor law from other laws and then clarify the laws regulating the protection of workers’ inventions, their consequences, and what rules apply to it. The study also describes the legal effects that result before and after reaching the invention, as well as the rights and obligations of each party. This study followed the analytical approach of texts to get study results. Results showed that there are differences in the trademarks granted to foreign students, which necessitate attention in the applications granted to resident Jordanians and showed that there are differences for patents granted to foreign applications. Results also showed that Jordanian legislator came with a ruling that differs from what was stated in the Saudi law and the Omani patent law because the provisions of the Jordanian law talked about the case of accidental inventions and free inventions only. The study recommended adding some items to laws and legislations to be enforced in Jordan and deleting some texts and phrases that harm inventors. The study also recommends necessity to amend the text of article (22/b) of Jordanian labor law by deleting the phrase (unless otherwise agreed in writing) and replacing it with the phrase (and any agreement to the contrary is considered void)

Capital Structure and Corporate Performance: Empirical Study on the Public Jordanian Shareholdings Firms Listed in Amman Stock Market

The study investigates the effect of capital structure on the performance of the public Jordanian firms listed in Amman stock market. The study used  multiple regression  model represented by ordinary least squares (OLS) as a technique to examine what is the effect of capital structure on the performance  by applying on 76 firms(53 industrial firms  and 23 service corporation) for the period(2001-2006).The results of the study concluded that capital structure associated negatively and statistically with firm performance on the study sample generally. In addition, the study found out that there is no differences for the impact of the financial leverage between high financial leverage firms and low financial leverage firms on their performance. Finally , the study also showed that the effect of financial leverage on the basis  of the growth that there is no difference between the financial leverage of high growth firms and low growth firms on the performance, which it was negatively and statistically. Key words: capital structure , performance ,profitability ,debt, financial leverage, firm and Jorda

Evaluation of Social Responsibility at the Jordanian Islamic Banks using Balance Scorecard Method

The study aimed to identify the impact of social responsibility on the organizational performance at the Islamic banks of  Jordan, through the identification of trends in the study sample of social responsibility dimensions, and organizational performance. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers developed a questionnaire for the detection of the dimensions of corporate social responsibility (economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropy responsibility) and the organizational performance. The study sample consisted of (198) directors of top management and middle management in the Jordanian Islamic banks.  Sample was selected randomly, and in light of this, data was collected and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The research most important findings and conclusions are: There are high arithmetic mean of manager's estimations at the Jordanian Islamic banks towards social responsibility and organizational performance. The social responsibility as an independent variable accumulates a variance of (48.3%) from the organizational performance.The ethical responsibility ranked first in the impact on the organizational performance, it accumulates a variance of (39.7%) from the organizational performance. Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, Organizational performance, balanced scorecard, Jordanian Islamic banks, stock shareholders

Growth Policy and Bank Profitability for Jordan Commercial Banks: Housing Bank for Trade & Finance Model

The present study aimed to estimate growth Policy for (HBTF) in Jordan measured by total assets percentage growth and profit percentage growth ,this study also correlate growth strategy  with the accounting-based determinants of bank profitability measured by  return on assets (ROA) , and return on equity(ROE) during the period (2000-2009). The researcher  collected bank-specific data variables from the financial statements of housing bank for trade and finance in Jordan over the period 1999-2009 available in the annual reports and Amman financial market. The researcher used the Descriptive Analytical Method, the researcher used Analytical method to analyze the data from the financial statements throughout the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS-15). The present study revealed the following findings: 1- There is statistical significant correlation at of significance (p?0.05) between ROE and growth percent in profit during 2000-2009. 2-There is statistical significant correlation at of significance (p?0.05) between ROE and growth percent in total Assets during 2000-2009. 3-There is statistical significant correlation at of significance (p?0.05) between ROA and growth percent in assets during 2000-2009.. 4-There is no statistical significant correlation at of significance (p?0.05) between ROA and growth percent in profit during 2000-2009. Keywords: growth policy,  profitability,  ROE ,ROA.   

The Impact of Taxes on Prices and Production in Jordan

Purpose:  This study aims to demonstrate the impact of taxes on prices and production in Jordan.   Theoretical framework:  Study problem lies in asking the following questions Does the tax system in Jordan serve the economic aspects? Does the tax in Jordan affect the economic aspect? Is the tax in Jordan fair? Is there an impact of the tax on prices in Jordan? Is there an impact of the tax on production in Jordan? What is the effect of taxes on consumer speeding on necessary versus luxury goods? What is the impact of higher taxes on personal income of consumers? The effect of Lower taxes on the economy and disposable income? What is the alternative for governments to increase their income other than direct higher tax system? What is the effect of various government entities; such as financial, administrative, and social corruption on Jordan economy?   Design/methodology/approach:  Researchers used standard analysis method and vector error correction model for the period (2011-2020), and used the profit margin ratio indicator as a representative indicator for production and prices.   Findings:  Results showed a long-term causal relationship between prices and production; from one side and direct and indirect taxes; from the other side and that relationship between short-term deviations and long-term reliability is corrected at a rate of (3%) per year. Results showed a negative significant impact of indirect taxes on price competitiveness; in the long term which was reinforced by the variance components’ analysis and response function’s test. Results also showed an insignificant impact of direct and indirect taxes on price competitiveness; in the short term.   Research, Practical & Social implications:  Demonstrating the impact of taxes on prices and production in Jordan. As well as, discussing the governmental tax and income.   Originality/value:  The importance of study stems from research topic, since taxes have multiple effects on various areas in society which can be divided into scientific and practical importance

Islamic Banking Institutions and their Role in Economic Development of Jordan

Purpose:  This study aimed to demonstrate the importance of economic financing at Islamic banks in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.   Theoretical framework:  This study came to answer the following main questions: What is Islamic banking finance, its meaning, and its characteristics? What is the reality of Islamic banking finance in Jordan? What is the impact of Islamic banking finance in Jordan on increasing investment and saving? What is the impact of Islamic banking finance in Jordan in reducing inflation and unemployment? What is the impact of Islamic banking finance in Jordan on the gross domestic product? What is the main difference between Islamic banking and the conventional banking system?   Design/methodology/approach: The study measures several areas in terms of income, unemployment, inflation, investment, as well as gross domestic product during the period from 2015-2020, where the regression approach was adopted in order to measure the effects.   Findings:  The study showed no statistically significant effect of financing in Jordanian Islamic banks on the gross domestic product and inflation while it showed a statistical effect of financing in Islamic banks on the public commercial sectors, housing, and construction. The study also revealed that largest part of financing in Jordanian Islamic banks is directed toward construction and housing sector, followed by the public services sector to achieve the desired economic goals of Islamic banking finance.   Research, Practical & Social implications:  This study was limited to explaining the economic importance of Islamic banking finance in Jordan, and to some economic variables; such as gross domestic product, inflation, and unemployment.   Originality/value:  Study stems from the importance of financing provided by banks, where commercial or Islamic financing in banks considers one of the most important services provided to society, and accordingly this study hopes to present a practical vision of financing importance in Jordanian Islamic banks on economic development, and hopes to provide recommendations for Jordanian Islamic Banks

Workers Attitudes in the Municipalities and Provinces towards the Decentralized and Regional Project in Jordan

The present study aimed to identify the attitudes of workers in local Jordanian public departments as a project towards decentralization of territories of its municipalities in Jordan, The study sample consist of (228) managers, and employees of different ranks whom are working in municipalities and local governmental departments, in order to answer the study questions and hypotheses, the researcher developed questionnaires to measure main variables of the study. Some statistical techniques were used for testing the hypotheses and answering the study questions. The present study revealed the following findings: There is statistically significant correlation between decentralization advantages and environmental factors.There are no statistically significant impact of investigators attitudes toward advantages and disadvantages of decentralization according to demographic factors.There is statistically significant impact of scientific qualification attitudes toward decentralization disadvantages.There is statistically significant impact of investigators attitudes toward decentralization disadvantages and advantages. Keywords: decentralization, attitudes, territories, project in Jordan, environmental factors Participation, political factors, social factors, financial, Developmental planning Factors, organizational factors

The Impact of the Entrepreneurial Orientation in Achieving Strategic Leadership Success

The objective of this is to investigate and identify the impact of entrepreneurial orientation in achieving strategic leadership success. To accomplish the objective, the study sampled commissioners of the higher and middle administrations in the Municipality of Greater Amman, Jordan. Total valid sample consists a total of (174) analyzed utilizing (SPSSv.20).The research results identified an effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on the achieving strategic leadership success. Recommendations include the taking on the idea of entrepreneurial orientation and investing in the needed resources that can assist in formulating the trends of power and leadership, as well as implement guidelines and rules that would spearhead the policies for strategic leadership success

Leadership Styles among the Administrative Heads of Departments at Irbid University College and its Relationship with Employees' Motivation Toward Work

The present study aimed to detect the type of leadership for heads of departments administrators in Irbid University College and its relationship with employees' motivation toward work, and to achieve these objectives administrated  leadership style scale, and motivation towards work scale on a sample of 123 workers in Irbid University College for the academic year 2015 / 2016, after its achieved validity and reliability, the results showed that (Democratic) style from the standpoint of workers in Irbid university College and the workers have high level of motivation towards work, and there is statistically significant negative relationship at the level of statistical (α = 0.05) between the leadership style (dictatorship) and motivation of workers in Irbid university College towards the work, and there is statistically significant positive relationship at the level of statistical (α = 0.05) between the leadership style (Democratic) and motivation of workers in Irbid university College towards the work. Keywords: leadership style, department heads, Irbid University College, motivation towards wor