Pengaruh Realimentasi Terhadap Perkembangan Berat Badan Dan Morfologi Usus Halus Pada Tikus Malnutrisi

Introduction: Intra Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) cause the weight of baby body born to lower, as a result can cause the malnutrition. The most common etiology of failure to thrive in infants due to gastrointestinal origin, particularly nutrient maldigestion , malabsorbtion and chronic diarrhea. Malnutrition can be overcome with the gift of square meal and well-balanced by energy required to pursue the growth. Objectives: Learning growth response of body weight, morphology of intestinal parameters and activities of disaccharidases enzyme. by using rats as animal model. Methods: This Research is experimental. Malnutrition rats were made with the restriction diet of equal to 50 percent since gestation period, lactation and 3 week after delivering birth. Realimentation were conducted during 8 week, with the food gift ad libitum and use the control. Parameters perceived is ; body weight, morphology and morphometry of small intestine, serum of albumin and enzyme activities in disaccharidase. Results: The body weight of rats in realimentation group was higher than malnutrition group, but lower than control group. The morphology and morfometri of small intestine showed the increase have a meaning , and so do serum of albumin and activities of disaccharidases enzym. Conclusions: Realimentation at malnutrition rats can improve the body weight, morfology and morphometry of small intestine, and also enzyme activities in disaccharidases. [Penel Gizi Makan 2005,28(2): 72-78

Laboratorium Diagnosis of Clostridium Difficile Infection

Clostridium difficile is the most important cause of antibiotic associated diarrhea, and pseudomembranous colitis, a severe infection of the colon. Strain Clostridium difficile produce two potent toxin, toxin A (enterotoxin) and toxin B (cytotoxin). These two toxins are both responsible for the diarrhoea and inflammation seen in patients treated due to infection, especially the broad spectrum antibiotics. Direct detection of Clostridium difficile cytotoxin from faecal specimen using mammalian tissue culture lines is considered the standard diagnostics test of Clostridium difficile infection. This test is very sensitive but requires a minimum two days to complete. In order to improve the threshold of diagnosis and treatment, a number of enzyme immunoassay Methods have been used, with a reported sensitivity to either toxin A or toxin B

The Role of Various Laboratory Parameters and Imaging Associated with Obstructive Jaundice in Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver Malignancy with a global increase ofincidence and mortality. The mean age at presentation is 50 years. Patients with cholangiocarcinoma usuallywill have symptoms of obstructive jaundice followed with supporting laboratory and imaging findings. Thepredominant clinical feature of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is biliary obstruction resulting in jaundice; while intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma causes symptoms of intrahepatic mass including abdominal pain in right upper quadrant and other tumor-related symptoms such as cachexia and malaise. The diagnosis and stagingof cholangiocarcinoma require multidisciplinary approaches including laboratory, radiological, endoscopicapproaches and analysis on pathology. This case report describes a patient with a cholangiocarcinoma based on results of endoscopic retrogradecholangiopancreatography (ERCP) imaging. In addition to a diagnosis tool, ERCP can also be a therapeuticmodality for placing stent to reduce symptoms of cholestasis. There were supporting laboratory findings suchas increased bilirubin level, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels as wellas increased level of tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9and cytological examination

PENGARUH REALIMENTASI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BERAT BADAN DAN MORFOLOGI USUS HALUS PADA TIKUS MALNUTRISI

ABSTRACT Introduction: Intra Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) cause the weight of baby body born to lower, as a result can cause the malnutrition. The most common etiology of failure to thrive in infants due to gastrointestinal origin, particularly nutrient maldigestion , malabsorbtion and chronic diarrhea. Malnutrition can be overcome with the gift of square meal and well-balanced by energy required to pursue the growth. Objectives: Learning growth response of body weight, morphology of intestinal parameters and activities of disaccharidases enzyme. by using rats as animal model. Methods: This Research is experimental. Malnutrition rats were made with the restriction  diet of equal to 50 percent  since gestation period, lactation and 3 week after delivering birth. Realimentation were conducted during 8 week, with the food gift ad libitum and use the control. Parameters  perceived is ; body weight, morphology and morphometry of small intestine, serum of albumin and enzyme activities in disaccharidase. Results: The body weight of rats in realimentation group was higher than malnutrition group, but lower than control group.  The morphology and morfometri of small intestine showed  the increase have a meaning , and so do serum of albumin and activities of  disaccharidases enzym. Conclusions: Realimentation at malnutrition rats can improve the body weight, morfology and morphometry of small intestine, and also enzyme activities in disaccharidases. [Penel Gizi Makan 2005,28(2): 72-78] Keywords: malnutrition rats, realimentation, small intestine, body weigh

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing in HIV/AIDS Patients: a Comparison Between Automated Machine and Manual Method

Aim: to evaluate the performance of Vitek2 compact machine (Biomerieux Inc. ver 04.02, France) in reference to manual methods for susceptibility test for Candida resistance among HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: a comparison study to evaluate Vitek2 compact machine (Biomerieux Inc. ver 04.02, France) in reference to manual methods for susceptibility test for Candida resistance among HIV/AIDS patient was done. Categorical agreement between manual disc diffusion and Vitek2 machine was calculated using predefined criteria. Time to susceptibility result for automated and manual methods were measured. Results: there were 137 Candida isolates comprising eight Candida species with C.albicans and C. glabrata as the first (56.2%) and second (15.3%) most common species, respectively. For fluconazole drug, among the C. albicans, 2.6% was found resistant on manual disc diffusion methods and no resistant was determined by Vitek2 machine; whereas 100% C. krusei was identified as resistant on both methods. Resistant patterns for C. glabrata to fluconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B were 52.4%, 23.8%, 23.8% vs. 9.5%, 9.5%, 4.8% respectively between manual diffusion disc methods and Vitek2 machine. Time to susceptibility result for automated methods compared to Vitex2 machine was shorter for all Candida species. Conclusion: there is a good categorical agreement between manual disc diffusion and Vitek2 machine, except for C. glabrata for measuring the antifungal resistant. Time to susceptibility result for automated methods is shorter for all Candida species

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing in HIV/AIDS Patients: a Comparison Between Automated Machine and Manual Method

Aim: to evaluate the performance of Vitek2 compact machine (Biomerieux Inc. ver 04.02, France) in reference to manual methods for susceptibility test for Candida resistance among HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: a comparison study to evaluate Vitek2 compact machine (Biomerieux Inc. ver 04.02, France) in reference to manual methods for susceptibility test for Candida resistance among HIV/AIDS patient was done. Categorical agreement between manual disc diffusion and Vitek2 machine was calculated using predefined criteria. Time to susceptibility result for automated and manual methods were measured. Results: there were 137 Candida isolates comprising eight Candida species with C.albicans and C. glabrata as the first (56.2%) and second (15.3%) most common species, respectively. For fluconazole drug, among the C. albicans, 2.6% was found resistant on manual disc diffusion methods and no resistant was determined by Vitek2 machine; whereas 100% C. krusei was identified as resistant on both methods. Resistant patterns for C. glabrata to fluconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B were 52.4%, 23.8%, 23.8% vs. 9.5%, 9.5%, 4.8% respectively between manual diffusion disc methods and Vitek2 machine. Time to susceptibility result for automated methods compared to Vitex2 machine was shorter for all Candida species. Conclusion: there is a good categorical agreement between manual disc diffusion and Vitek2 machine, except for C. glabrata for measuring the antifungal resistant. Time to susceptibility result for automated methods is shorter for all Candida species

Clinical Picture and Microbiological Pattern in 3rd and 4th Degrees of the Pedis Classification of Diabetic Foot Infection

Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is one complication of diabetes mellitus that has high morbidityand mortality. The success of management of DFI is influenced by many factor. This study aimed to recognize clinical picture and microbiological pattern in 3rd and 4th degrees of the PEDIS classification. The design was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in RSCM at March until May 2005. The clinical pictures in 52 DFI’pateints were included to the PEDIS classification with the wound’s odour and crepitation. Microbiological examination was done culture for microorganisms and the antibiotiks sensitivity test. The female were greate (55,8%) than male the greatest age group were at 51-60 years old (44,2%). Poorly controlled blood glucose was found in 88%, duration of wound 2 weeks in 56%, wound without critical-limb ischaemia in 81% with wound size 25 cm2 in 58%, with bottom of wound had reached tendons in 75%. Most of the patiens undergroune sepsis (65%), diabetic neouropathy (77%), with odour distance of ≥1 m (65%), and crepitation/gas (63%). We found 96 types of microorganism, of which the greatest number was: E.coli 17,7% with highest sensitivity towards cefepime; S.aureus 15,6% towards co-amoxyclav; Bacteroides spp 4,2% towards co-amoxyclav, sultamicillin and metronidazole

PENGARUH REALIMENTASI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BERAT BADAN DAN MORFOLOGI USUS HALUS PADA TIKUS MALNUTRISI

ABSTRACT Introduction: Intra Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) cause the weight of baby body born to lower, as a result can cause the malnutrition. The most common etiology of failure to thrive in infants due to gastrointestinal origin, particularly nutrient maldigestion , malabsorbtion and chronic diarrhea. Malnutrition can be overcome with the gift of square meal and well-balanced by energy required to pursue the growth. Objectives: Learning growth response of body weight, morphology of intestinal parameters and activities of disaccharidases enzyme. by using rats as animal model. Methods: This Research is experimental. Malnutrition rats were made with the restriction  diet of equal to 50 percent  since gestation period, lactation and 3 week after delivering birth. Realimentation were conducted during 8 week, with the food gift ad libitum and use the control. Parameters  perceived is ; body weight, morphology and morphometry of small intestine, serum of albumin and enzyme activities in disaccharidase. Results: The body weight of rats in realimentation group was higher than malnutrition group, but lower than control group.  The morphology and morfometri of small intestine showed  the increase have a meaning , and so do serum of albumin and activities of  disaccharidases enzym. Conclusions: Realimentation at malnutrition rats can improve the body weight, morfology and morphometry of small intestine, and also enzyme activities in disaccharidases. [Penel Gizi Makan 2005,28(2): 72-78] Keywords: malnutrition rats, realimentation, small intestine, body weight</p

A rare case of <em>Schistosoma haematobium</em> infection found in Jakarta

[no abstract available

Effects of realimentation on small intestinal morphology and disaccharidase activity in malnutrition Sprague-Dawley rats

Low birth-weight infant and intrauterine growth retardation are still a health problem, especially in Indonesia due to high prevalence and need to be reduced. Malnutrition in infants are most common occur in low birth-weight infants. Malnutrition in rats resulted in hypotrophic and normoplastic mucosa of the small intestine. The finding was not only showed that small intestine was able to maintain its cell number in condition with restriction nutrient, however also suggested the posibility of epithelial regeneration if given adequate nutrient intake. Did realimentation recover the hypotrophic normoplastic mucosa to normotrophic normoplastic? The study aim to answer that question. Experimental animal study with post test-control group design was performed using 40 male litter of Sprague-Dawley rats, was fed standard chow. The study was divided into phases prenatally-induced malnutrition and continued with phase realimentation. The result of this study is the body weight, mucosal thickness, villus height, cryptus depth, ratio of villus/ crypt, number of villi, protein content, and disaccharidases of rats realimentation group was higher than non-realimentation group, but lower than control group. Prenatally-induced malnutrition did not reduced the population of small intestinal enterocytes. Realimentation in rats in prenatally-induced malnutrition was able to improve the hypotrophy of small intestinal mucosa and to increase the disaccharidases activities but did not reach the normal values. Realimentation in rats in prenatally-induced malnutrition was able to improve the maturity of small intestine mucosa but did not reach the normal values. The information will be helpfull to decide the policy of maternal malnutrition. (Med J Indones 2006; 15:208-16) Keywords: small intestinal morphology, disaccharidase activity, Sprague-Dawley rats, prenatally-induced malnutrition, realimentation